count	source_label	source_id	relationship	target_label	target_id	entity_type	solr_id	publication_id	sentences
4		MESH:D000658	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	75e6b31c-ea8f-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ijom.2022.04.001	Postoperative amoxicillin 750 mg, postoperative amoxicillin plus clavulanate 500 mg + 125 mg or 2000 mg + 125 mg, and preoperative metronidazole 800 mg are useful to prevent infection or dry socket when compared to placebo.|||The results of the NMA showed that amoxicillin, metronidazole, and amoxicillin plus clavulanate were useful to prevent postoperative infection or dry socket after third molar surgery.
2		MESH:D002710	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	aeb8024a-3749-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26188932	This suggests that chlorhexidine reduces rates of alveolar osteitis by 25% to 80% after the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars .8,11,13,14The active components of the interventions cited in previous studies have possessed antibacterial and analgesic properties, or a topical anaesthetic, or a combination, that have resulted in reduction in the incidence of alveolar osteitis.3,7Chlorhexidine has been shown to be a good prophylactic for dry socket alveolitis.
2		MESH:D002710	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	973ee76e-5c2f-11e7-86a3-001a4ae51246	PMC5303332	Harajiet al.in their study on effects of intra-alveolar placement of 0.2% chlorhexidine bioadhesive gel on dry socket incidence and postsurgical pain concluded that topical chlorhexidine gel significantly reduce dry socket incidence and besides that it also reduce postsurgical pain in patients with and without dry socket (11).
2		MESH:D014947	activates	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	fa42630a-377a-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	17764988	When smoking was considered together with surgical trauma, the general trends suggest that both surgical trauma and smoking increased overall complications and alveolar osteitis.
2		CHEBI:28312	activates	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Chemical	aeb8024a-3749-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26188932	In a study by Ragno and Szkutnik,150.2% chlorhexidine digluconate mouthwash produced a reduction in alveolar osteitis after extraction of impacted third molars from 160 sites (from 29/80 (36%) to 14/80 (17.5%) in a control group).
2		CHEBI:28747	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Chemical	d209456e-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.034	PLA-derived devices were implemented to prevent alveolar osteitis or dry socket with discordant results by Hooley and Golden[18].
2		MESH:D008795	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	75e6b31c-ea8f-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ijom.2022.04.001	Postoperative amoxicillin 750 mg, postoperative amoxicillin plus clavulanate 500 mg + 125 mg or 2000 mg + 125 mg, and preoperative metronidazole 800 mg are useful to prevent infection or dry socket when compared to placebo.|||The results of the NMA showed that amoxicillin, metronidazole, and amoxicillin plus clavulanate were useful to prevent postoperative infection or dry socket after third molar surgery.
2		MESH:D002710	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	5c9e8f5e-bc3c-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	PMC3200023	Lagareset al. showed that 0.2% of chlorhexidine gel seems to reduce the incidence of alveolar osteitis after removal of impacted third molars.|||[28] Hita-Iglesiaset al. concluded that the topical application of bioadhesive chlorhexidine gel to surgical wound during the post operative week may decrease the incidence of alveolar osteitis after extraction of the mandibular third molars.
1	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	inhibits		MESH:D002710	Phenotype	ca52081b-f53b-11eb-ba76-001a4a160176	29223633	Current theories suggest that alveolar osteitis is caused by a combination of fibrinolysis and bacterial infection,9and strategies to prevent it have focused on minimising the presence of oral microbes in and around the postoperative wound.8Our finding that the incidence of alveolar osteitis was significantly lower in the irrigation group (4/47) than in the rinse group (16/48) may be explained by the ability of irrigation to remove debris and deliver chlorhexidine to the surgical site.
1	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	activates		MESH:D010292	Phenotype	30c52e9c-5994-11e6-a7ed-001a4ae51246	PMC5116111	Other complications may arise, such as alveolar osteitis (0.3%-26%) (3), damage to the adjacent tooth (0.3%-0.4%) (4), hematoma (0.2%-5.8%) (3) and/or transient paresthesia, which can lead to permanent paresthesia (inferior alveolar nerve 0.35%; lingual nerve 0.69%) (3).
1	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	inhibits		MESH:D010146	Phenotype	f0945bca-7469-11e8-9358-001a4a160176	PMC6007895	The most common local complications include alveolar osteitis (dry alveolitis), edema, reduced mouth opening, abscess and pain; the most common systemic complications include fever and lymph node alteration [7,8].
1	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	activates		MESH:D010146	Phenotype	973ee76e-5c2f-11e7-86a3-001a4ae51246	PMC5303332	This method is cheap, easily available and not time consuming and can be performed simply to provide the patient with significant pain relief caused by dry socket.
1	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	activates		MESH:D010146	Phenotype	6fa5a1d4-bc2b-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC4411729	There were at least three obstacles for detecting possible links between pain and risk factors: consumption of painkillers and antibiotics by the patients after surgery, which act as efficient confounders15,20,25, as well as poorer statistical approaches, and confusion of pain caused by a dry socket or infection with pain caused only by the surgery and also with discomfort.
1	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	activates		MESH:D010146	Phenotype	62f55dd4-cd41-11ec-b6a5-0050569a1f61	PMC8253388	Dry socket causes severe spontaneous pain 1 to 3 days after extraction, which may delay healing of the socket and sometimes progresses to chronic bone infection.
1	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	inhibits		MESH:D000038	Phenotype	f0945bca-7469-11e8-9358-001a4a160176	PMC6007895	The most common local complications include alveolar osteitis (dry alveolitis), edema, reduced mouth opening, abscess and pain; the most common systemic complications include fever and lymph node alteration [7,8].
1	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	activates		MESH:D005334	Phenotype	9ca5950e-3514-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	26048100	In our experience neither alveolar osteitis nor wound infection are likely to cause systemic fever.
1		CHEBI:48947	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Chemical	db86bc14-e6ae-11e5-9207-001a4ae51246	PMC4920465	The objectives of this study were; 1: to assess the efficacy of the use of amoxicillin with or without clavulanic acid to prevent infection and/or dry socket, compared to a control group given placebo, in third molar surgery patients; and 2: to carry out stratified analysis of the efficacy of amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.
1		MESH:D002710	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	6d67b540-c70a-11ee-ae05-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.identj.2023.08.014	A 2022 Cochrane review reported that there is “moderate certainty evidence” that chlorhexidine mouthwashes (0.12% and 0.2% concentrations), used pre- and postextraction, reduce the risk of dry socket development (odds ratio 0.38 (95% CI, 0.25 to 0.58) when compared with a placebo mouthwash.5CHX also has a potential role in other settings.
1		MESH:D002710	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	f0f8a284-bc50-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC3941876	Also, it has been demonstrated that the topical use of bio-adhesive chlorhexidine gel during the postoperative week may decrease the risk of alveolar osteitis (5).
1		MESH:D002710	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	bbc7e7e2-bbfa-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC4320414	Discussion discussion The results of this study revealed that the intra-alveolar placement of 0.2% bioadhesive chlorhexidine gel might reduce the frequency of alveolar osteitis in 22.22% compared to the control group.
1		MESH:D014947	activates	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	0d889b14-3540-11e9-8325-001a4a160175	PMC5808263	Trauma, smoking, radiotherapy, and microorganisms increase the risk of dry socket, too [50].
1		MESH:D014947	activates	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	497cad0a-bbe9-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC3556291	Trauma, poor oral hygiene and smoking had increased the incidence of dry socket.
1		MESH:D010510	activates	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	973ee76e-5c2f-11e7-86a3-001a4ae51246	PMC5303332	There has been increased frequency of dry socket in patients with poor oral hygiene, pre-existing local infection such as pericoronitis and advanced periodontal disease.
1		CHEBI:487869	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Chemical	75e6b31c-ea8f-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ijom.2022.04.001	The results of the NMA showed that amoxicillin, metronidazole, and amoxicillin plus clavulanate were useful to prevent postoperative infection or dry socket after third molar surgery.
1		MESH:D003773	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	c9ae173a-c9e0-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103074	However, prior data validated that CHX use can condense the dental plaque buildup thereby resisting dental caries, alveolar osteitis, gingivitis, and periodontitis[16].
1		CHEBI:50114	activates	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Chemical	973ee76e-5c2f-11e7-86a3-001a4ae51246	PMC5303332	Therefore additional estrogen in the form of oral contraceptives may increase the chances of dry socket in women.
1		MESH:D007239	activates	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	05e58000-f540-11eb-bbbb-001a4a160176	29723658	In addition, preoperative infections might increase the risk of dry socket[21,22].
1		MESH:D000072836	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	5c9e8f5e-bc3c-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	PMC3200023	[28] Hita-Iglesiaset al. concluded that the topical application of bioadhesive chlorhexidine gel to surgical wound during the post operative week may decrease the incidence of alveolar osteitis after extraction of the mandibular third molars.
1		IP:IPR010681	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	ProteinFamily	94a9f9fa-ae94-11ec-b4ed-0050569a1f61	PMCPMC8836082	There is also evidence that PRF significantly relieves post-operative pain and swelling and reduces the incidence of alveolar osteitis [175].
1		MESH:D010146	inhibits	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	973ee76e-5c2f-11e7-86a3-001a4ae51246	PMC5303332	Harajiet al.in their study on effects of intra-alveolar placement of 0.2% chlorhexidine bioadhesive gel on dry socket incidence and postsurgical pain concluded that topical chlorhexidine gel significantly reduce dry socket incidence and besides that it also reduce postsurgical pain in patients with and without dry socket (11).
1		MESH:D001424	activates	Dry Socket	MESH:D004368	Phenotype	ca52081b-f53b-11eb-ba76-001a4a160176	29223633	Current theories suggest that alveolar osteitis is caused by a combination of fibrinolysis and bacterial infection,9and strategies to prevent it have focused on minimising the presence of oral microbes in and around the postoperative wound.8Our finding that the incidence of alveolar osteitis was significantly lower in the irrigation group (4/47) than in the rinse group (16/48) may be explained by the ability of irrigation to remove debris and deliver chlorhexidine to the surgical site.