count	source_label	source_id	relationship	target_label	target_id	entity_type	solr_id	publication_id	sentences
16	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:Q8IY17	Protein	eff4be0a-3772-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	18591114	High doses of dopamine receptor agonists such as apomorphine reduce total sleep time as well as REM sleep, while low doses induce sleep and increase the amount of SWS[114,115].
16	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		PUBCHEM:6802	Chemical	0a91c12a-340a-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	PMC5131723	A subsequent study revealed D2-type dopamine receptors mediate spine addition in the motor cortex (Guo et al., 2015).
16	DRD	FPLX:DRD	phosphorylatesProtein		FPLX:CREB	ProteinFamily	c639a18e-f421-11e5-96ee-001a4ae51247	11139572	To confirm the involvement of cAMP and to rule out any possible G protein-dependent activation of cAMP-independent signal transduction pathways, CREB phosphorylation was stimulated by agents capable of increasing cAMP formation downstream of dopamine receptors.
16	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:G:alpha	ProteinFamily	219e1bf0-cb2c-11e5-a6cd-001a4ae51247	12379657	RGS4 attenuates MAPK activation by interleukin 8 receptor and D2 dopamine receptor, both of which couple to Gαiproteins (21,45).
16	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	20b9f1f0-3943-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	15369680	Several dopamine receptor antagonists (pimozide, haloperidol, and remoxipride) inhibited responding for oral ethanol reinforcement (Pfeffer & Samson, 1985; Pfeffer & Samson, 1988; Files et al., 1998).|||Direct-acting dopamine receptor agonists, apomorphine and SDZ-205,152, also inhibited responding for oral ethanol reinforcement (Pfeffer & Samson, 1988; Rassnick et al., 1993a; Cohen et al., 1998).
16		UNIPROT:P01185	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	f2bfd1f4-abbb-11e6-9646-001a4ae51246	PMC4687907	Thus, the high sensitivity of VP neurons to cocaine likely relates to the ability of cocaine to elevate VP dopamine (overviewed below), and thus activate VP dopamine receptors, as well as to modulate GABA and glutamate transmission at the level of VP neurons.
16		PF:PF02180	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	f98f82ec-cb27-11e5-b419-001a4ae51246	11517215	DRD is caused by disturbed BH4 synthesis (15).
12	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:GSK3	ProteinFamily	7515def6-3409-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25721394	It has been demonstrated that D2 dopamine receptor upon its activation forms a complex with β-arrestin2, AKT and PP2A, leading to the dephosphorylation of AKT and the subsequent dephosphorylation of GSK3β thereby increasing GSK3β activity (Beaulieu et al., 2009, 2005, 2004).
12		MESH:D001971	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c8a93526-3932-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	16288952	Bromocriptine The ergot-derivative, bromocriptine, stimulates D2-type dopamine receptors on lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary to reduce prolactin secretion.|||The ergot-derivative, bromocriptine, stimulates D2-type dopamine receptors on lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary to reduce prolactin secretion.
10	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	9a90cca6-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02104-0	In order to account for the differences in onset of catalepsy produced by the different dopamine receptor antagonists, haloperidol was administered 2 h before behavioural testing, while 30- and 15-min pretreatment times were used for raclopride and SCH23390, respectively.|||We have extended the anti-cataleptic effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors to include catalepsy produced by other dopamine receptor antagonists.
10	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0046960	Phenotype	af532f78-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2006.03.015	This experiment examined the effect of naloxone or dopamine receptor antagonists on morphine-induced sensitization in histamine state dependent learning.|||This experiment examined the effect of dopamine receptor antagonists on apomorphine-induced sensitization in histamine state dependent learning.|||In conclusion, dopamine receptor mechanism may be involved in the improvement of memory by morphine- or apomorphine-induced sensitization.
10		MESH:D005475	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4260485a-3aa5-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	25911581	Each rat then received a systemic injection of the broad-spectrum dopamine receptor antagonist flupenthixol (0.1mg/kg; i.p.;Creese et al., 1976) 2h prior to the beginning of testing session 13 on the next day.|||Systemic pretreatment (2h prior to the beginning of the testing session) with the broad-spectrum dopamine receptor blocker flupenthixol in LDTg ChR2-infected rats significantly reduced the total number of presses on the reinforced lever relative to either the saline pre-treatment or the drug-free conditions.
10		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	07a96a8c-bc50-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.03.010	For this experimental setting, animals were subjected to combined treatment with α-helical CRH9–41(Bachem, Switzerland), the nonselective dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol (Richter, Hungary), the NOS inhibitorl-NAME (Sigma, Hungary), the serotonin antagonist cyproheptadine (Tocris, UK) or the pyrazolone derivative noraminophenazone (NAP) (Algopyrin; Chinoin, Hungary) and ghrelin.|||Protocol 2 For this experimental setting, animals were subjected to combined treatment with α-helical CRH9–41(Bachem, Switzerland), the nonselective dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol (Richter, Hungary), the NOS inhibitorl-NAME (Sigma, Hungary), the serotonin antagonist cyproheptadine (Tocris, UK) or the pyrazolone derivative noraminophenazone (NAP) (Algopyrin; Chinoin, Hungary) and ghrelin.|||As dopamine mediates a number of motor processes in the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic circuitries (Majovski et al., 1981), the nonselective dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol was administered to scrutinize the mechanisms of ghrelin-dependent motor processes.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P49589	Protein	592a1654-3390-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10670703	Namely, the initial pharmacological experiments showed that buspirone, most probably due to its direct effect on brain dopamine receptors, inhibits apomorphine-induced behaviour and CARs(Barrett et al., 1984).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P04040	Protein	c7596154-4565-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112983	The D1/D2 dopamine receptor agonist dihydrexidine increased the intensity and duration of inspiratory motor output in the pentobarbital anesthetized adult cat[176], while inhibition of ventilation during hypoxia was observed in hamsters receiving the central D1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390[177].
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P01100	Protein	77432d40-bc3e-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.07.035	c-Fos expression in both the ABA and ABB conditions was modulated by D1 dopamine receptors because SCH23390 significantly reduced Fos in group ABB-SCH23390 (F(3, 14)=5.2,P<0.05) and group ABA-SCH23390 (F(3, 14)=40.2,P<0.05) compared with their respective saline controls.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		UNIPROT:P01236	Protein	e73de56c-bc4e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.mce.2005.10.007	Blocking dopamine receptors in the tubero-infundibular pathway can cause an increase in blood prolactin levels.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		UNIPROTPRO:PRO:0000033530	Protein	a1faeca4-377e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10727778	The expression of enkephalin is increased after either dopamine denervation or blockade of dopamine receptors, whereas such treatments down-regulate the level of substance P (Gerfen and Young III, 1988; Gerfen, 1992).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:Q01959	Protein	522b7d84-bc0f-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.08.010	Both the indirect dopamine receptor agonist amphetamine and the direct agonists apomorphine and quinpirole inhibit locomotor activity in the DAT knockdown mice.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		CHEBI:34603	Chemical	94c47c6a-04bf-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171280	Intra-VTA OXA but not OXB reinstates extinguished cocaine self-administration[161], while intra-VTA OXA also reinstates extinguished cocaine CPP[162]and induces CPP which can be reduced by intra-NAc administration of dopamine receptor type 1 or dopamine receptor type 2 antagonists[163].
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	f2bfd1f4-abbb-11e6-9646-001a4ae51246	PMC4687907	The VP input may arise from more caudal parts of the VTA as injection of dopamine receptor antagonists into VP disrupts intracranial ethanol self-administration within the posterior VTA.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060291	Phenotype	e1e88dfc-3905-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	28088535	Moreover, activation of serotonergic 5HT2C receptors in the BLA had a similar effect (Abe et al., 2009a) and stimulation of dopamine receptors D1 and D2 in the BLA rescues the impairment of dentate gyrus LTP, induced by a lesion of the VTA, suggesting a modulatory role of dopamine on amygdalo-hippocampal interaction (Abe et al., 2009b).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060291	Phenotype	49b45452-bbd6-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.02.002	Dopamine receptor antagonists, which inhibit dopamine-induced muscarinic LTP, also inhibit the dopamine-induced accumulation of cAMP (Mochida et al., 1987).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009369	Phenotype	376bc10a-c477-11e5-8491-001a4ae51247	25818463	Uterine tumors can also be induced by dopamine receptor agonists such as pergolide in the rat through another indirect estrogen pathway (Alison et al., 1994).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	49b45452-bbd6-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.02.002	Dopamine receptor antagonists, which inhibit dopamine-induced muscarinic LTP, also inhibit the dopamine-induced accumulation of cAMP (Mochida et al., 1987).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	522b7d84-bc0f-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.08.010	Both the indirect dopamine receptor agonist amphetamine and the direct agonists apomorphine and quinpirole inhibit locomotor activity in the DAT knockdown mice.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	b165edfe-abbd-11e6-9ac8-001a4ae51246	PMC4459901	An increase in the number of dopamine receptors in the mPFC could cause enhanced cocaine response due to the ability of these receptors to activate the mesocortical dopamine pathway and activity at the D1 receptor mediates the psychomotor response to cocaine in rodents (Steketee and Kalivas, 2011; Xu et al., 1994).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	944d43ba-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.09.024	However, it should be noted that dopamine receptor blockade in the basolateral amygdala did block responding for cocaine under a second-order schedule of reinforcement (Di Ciano and Everitt, 2004c), consistent with observations that inactivation of the basolateral amygdala blocked cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking (Grimm and See, 2000).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	008adff0-bc01-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.04.011	The authors of these two studies also reported that blockade of basolateral amygdala dopamine receptors attenuate cue-induced cocaine seeking.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D003932	Phenotype	2f547e4a-376f-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	16183393	Recent work, however, suggests otherwise, as neither D1- nor α2-selective dopamine receptor antagonists attenuate stress-triggered relapse to heroin self-administration (see, e.g.,Shaham & Stewart, 1996).
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D020820	Phenotype	1144cfb0-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70214-X	Levodopa might be converted to dopamine in the remaining serotonergic neurons, and the non-physiological release of dopamine by these neurons might lead to abnormal dopamine receptor stimulation in the striatopallidal pathways, resulting in the generation of dyskinesia.144Suppressing the activity of these serotonin inputs to the striatum, via presynaptic 5-HT1Aagonists, has been proposed to reduce dyskinesia.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:Proteasome	ProteinFamily	65a18322-352a-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	25540941	Apomorphine (APO), a dopamine receptor agonist that also possesses antioxidant properties, has been shown to stimulate the proteasome activities thus resulting in induced Aβ clearance.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:Q05639	Protein	ba19235e-bbee-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02543-X	Other studies reported that systemic administration of the nonselective dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine increased the spontaneous firing rate of STN neurons in anesthetized rats[32], whereas apomorphine reduced the firing rate in rats with 6-OHDA-induced lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway[33].|||The question then arises as to the role of dopamine receptor stimulation in the STN as a treatment for parkinsonism.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P01236	Protein	9fc3aa02-c476-11e5-9da3-001a4ae51247	26111607	Administration of dopamine receptor agonists also reduces prolactin in this system.|||The dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride blocked the prolactin-lowering effect of D5.
8	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D010300	Phenotype	0764e20a-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1474-4422(04)00823-3	Dopamine agonists Dopamine agonists produce their symptomatic effects in PD by binding directly with the postsynaptic dopamine receptors.|||Dopamine agonists produce their symptomatic effects in PD by binding directly with the postsynaptic dopamine receptors.
8		MESH:D005475	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b2901e56-3402-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	26329764	At the start of the experiment rats received an ip injection of vehicle (0.15M NaCl) or the dopamine receptor antagonist flupentixol (0.25mg/kg).
8		MESH:D005475	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a4edcf62-bc10-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00339-3	some kappa opioid agonists, the dopamine receptor antagonist flupenthixol) that produced non-selective decreases in responding maintained by both food and by 0.01 mg/kg per injection cocaine using procedures identical to those used in this study (Negus et al., 1996; Mello and Negus, 1998b).
8		MESH:D009538	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2970f256-4559-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110723	Notably, nicotine can partially reverse dopamine receptor system dysfunction in the brains of patients with schizophrenia (Svensson et al., 1990).
8		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	12440f3a-bc1c-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.08.014	Dopamine (C2) directly activates COMT (C3), dopamine receptor 1 (C4) and dopamine receptor 2 (C5) as shown.
8		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5e3a9ddc-052d-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.008	The activation of dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2) by DA or pro-DA was assessed by a pGL3-CRE-luciferase reporter system.
8		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	1144cfb0-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70214-X	Levodopa might be converted to dopamine in the remaining serotonergic neurons, and the non-physiological release of dopamine by these neurons might lead to abnormal dopamine receptor stimulation in the striatopallidal pathways, resulting in the generation of dyskinesia.144Suppressing the activity of these serotonin inputs to the striatum, via presynaptic 5-HT1Aagonists, has been proposed to reduce dyskinesia.
8		UNIPROT:Q9UD71	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	eb8d5004-cb89-11e5-8106-001a4ae51247	10662690	Thr34 of DARPP-32 is phosphorylated by PKA in response to activation of the D1 subclass of dopamine receptors[66].
8		MESH:D010455	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	782c1182-bc3d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	PMC1805491	This peptide causes a dramatic progressive uncoupling of D2 dopamine receptors and GIRK (Kir3.1/3.2) channels under repeated agonist application, but has no effect on the coupling of somatostatin receptors or GIRK channels, or on that of D2 receptors and Ca2+channels.
8		UNIPROT:P09919	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	e843b8fa-c46a-11e5-a92e-001a4ae51246	25131807	Furthermore, G-CSF increased the expression of β2-adrenergic and dopamine receptors on these cells.
8		MESH:D007649	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	bf6b3a72-3905-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	28065636	While the reason for xenon's divergence remains to be fully understood, it is noteworthy that ketamine and N2O activate dopamine receptors or increase dopamine releasein vivoandin vitro, whereas xenon has no effect on dopaminergic pathways (Murakawa et al., 1994; Moghaddam et al., 1997; Lindefors et al., 1997).
8		UNIPROT:P01236	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	376bc10a-c477-11e5-8491-001a4ae51247	25818463	Dopamine is a key regulator of serum prolactin by activating dopamine receptors in the pituitary to inhibit secretion of prolactin.
8		MESH:D000661	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c2607062-bc4d-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.07.004	Furthermore, amphetamine also reduced the fEPSP amplitude with D2 dopamine receptors blocked by eticlopride (Fig. 5C, fEPSP amplitude in eticlopride+amphetamine: 68±8%,n=4,p>0.5 compared with amphetamine alone).
8		MESH:D005476	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	93f7daba-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.09.068	The reinstatement of cocaine seeking by intra-accumbal dopamine can be blocked by co-infusion of the non-selective dopamine receptor antagonist fluphenazine (Cornish and Kalivas, 2000).
8		MESH:D006220	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f1733d92-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC2366056	However, lithium has been shown to inhibit haloperidol-stimulated dopamine receptor upregulation and agonist-induced supersensitivity[21].
8		MESH:D006220	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	87d73b62-bc50-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.pbb.2006.06.010	Withdrawal of haloperidol may cause dopamine receptor down-regulation.
8		MESH:D048789	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	abdaede4-1adb-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.09.028	Chamomile's phytoestrogen compounds have been found to induce galactogogue effects by targeting dopamine receptors, leading to an increase in lactogenesis among lactating women, as demonstrated in human studies[55].
8		MESH:D009609	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	bf6b3a72-3905-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	28065636	While the reason for xenon's divergence remains to be fully understood, it is noteworthy that ketamine and N2O activate dopamine receptors or increase dopamine releasein vivoandin vitro, whereas xenon has no effect on dopaminergic pathways (Murakawa et al., 1994; Moghaddam et al., 1997; Lindefors et al., 1997).
8		MESH:D013134	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6f824632-c8e5-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC1876677	Mice were challenged with the D2-like dopamine receptor antagonist spiperone, which induces akinesia or catalepsy.|||7A,colobomamice were relatively insensitive to the cataleptogenic effects of the D2 dopamine receptor antagonist spiperone and required higher doses of spiperone to induce catalepsy than control mice (p<0.05), suggesting that D2-like dopamine receptors are supersensitive incolobomamice.
8		MESH:D006943	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5eaad2e2-1b25-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.xops.2024.100494	The use of diabetes technologies such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), CGM, and hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems has led to improvements in glycemic control.77Poor glycemic control is one of the strongest risk factors for microvascular complications, and both hyperglycemia and glycemic variability may contribute to DRD.|||Technology Use for Managing Glycemia The use of diabetes technologies such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), CGM, and hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems has led to improvements in glycemic control.77Poor glycemic control is one of the strongest risk factors for microvascular complications, and both hyperglycemia and glycemic variability may contribute to DRD.
8		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	15f29974-3944-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	15737407	In parkinsonian (hypodopaminergic) models In the parkinsonian state, dopamine deficiency causes reduced activation of the dopamine receptors, which results in reduced inhibition of neurons of the indirect pathway and decreased excitation of the direct pathway neurons.|||In the parkinsonian state, dopamine deficiency causes reduced activation of the dopamine receptors, which results in reduced inhibition of neurons of the indirect pathway and decreased excitation of the direct pathway neurons.
8		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0b8ef374-bc50-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.08.002	For this experimental setting, animals were subjected to combined treatment with either a CRHR1(antalarmin), a CRHR2(astressin 2B; both from Bachem, Switzerland), diazepam (Richter, Hungary) or the nonselective dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (Richter, Hungary) and neuromedin S.|||Protocol 2 For this experimental setting, animals were subjected to combined treatment with either a CRHR1(antalarmin), a CRHR2(astressin 2B; both from Bachem, Switzerland), diazepam (Richter, Hungary) or the nonselective dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (Richter, Hungary) and neuromedin S.
8		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	48122660-3555-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	10708299	The dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol also inhibited[99mTc]Tc 1binding in different brain areas(Fig. 6).|||To determine the pharmacological specificity and selectivity of[99mTc]Tc 1receptor binding, 1 μM of various drugs were added to the incubation buffer, such as the 5-HT2Areceptor antagonist ketanserin, the 5-HT1Areceptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT, and the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol.
6	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:PKC	ProteinFamily	b659f38e-3954-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	10425376	Recent studies have also suggested that activation of dopamine receptors inhibits protein kinase C (PKC) activity in striatal synaptoneurosomes (Giambalvo and Wagner, 1994) and PKC reduces high affinity dopamine D2receptor agonist binding (Rogue et al., 1990).
6	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROTPRO:PRO:0000014901	Protein	9e3bbf50-c474-11e5-85e4-001a4ae51246	26565913	It has been recently demonstrated that the locus coeruleus can co-release dopamine, which provides a possible basis for dopamine receptor activation in the SC (Devoto et al., 2005a, 2005b).|||Our characterization of the anatomy, gene expression profile, and electrophysiological consequences of the dopamine input to the SC lays the groundwork for understanding how A13 and dopamine receptor activation within the SC may modulate SC-mediated behaviors.
6	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009020	Phenotype	aa903080-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2006.01.011	The data show that repeated bilateral microinjections of either D1 dopamine receptor agonist, SKF 38393 or D2 dopamine receptor agonist, quinpirole into NAc increased morphine CPP.|||Thus, the current finding suggests that apomorphine-induced changes in dopamine receptor sensitivity underline the subsequent alteration of morphine reward.
6		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	18ccb19e-3416-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	18829050	The dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone was preferred in Spain, France, and Italy.|||Dopamine receptor antagonists like domperidone and metoclopramide are used preferentially in Italy, Spain, and France.
6		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	393b5ab8-3955-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	10448923	The naloxone-induced withdrawal jumping (F(2,20)=0.13,p>0.88), paw-shakes (F(2,20)=0.80,p>0.46), grooming (F(2,20)=1.05,p>0.37), burrows (F(2,20)=0.77,p>0.48), writhing (F(2,20)=0.13,p>0.87) and diarrhea (F(2,20)=0.21,p>0.81) in morphine-dependent mice treated with 5 and 10 mg/kg peripheral dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone (s.c., 35 min before naloxone)+a cocktail of apomorphine (1 mg/kg, i.p., 30 min before naloxone) and dextrometorphan (30 mg/kg, i.p., 30 min before naloxone) were not significantly different from that induced in animals treated with vehicle (10 ml/kg, s.c., 35 min before naloxone)+a cocktail of apomorphine and dextromethorphan (Table 2).|||Since the dopamine D1receptor antagonist SCH 23390 but not dopamine D2receptor antagonist sulpiride nor peripheral dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone reverses the effect of apomorphine, it may be concluded that the central dopamine D1receptor mechanisms are involved in the modulation of the suppressive action of dextromethorphan on naloxone-induced withdrawal signs.
6		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d1bae092-bbe9-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0166-4328(01)00435-1	These high levels of resting and pulsatile dopamine cause widespread stimulation of post-synaptic dopamine receptors, overcoming the presynaptic inhibition of further dopamine release.|||These high levels of resting and pulsatile dopamine cause widespread stimulation of post-synaptic dopamine receptors, overcoming any concomitant presynaptic inhibition of dopamine release.
6		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	272c9f10-3957-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	14760876	Dopamine Dopamine in low doses stimulates both DA-1 and DA-2 dopamine receptors, causing renal arteriolar vasodilation with increased RBF.42,43It also inhibits proximal sodium re-absorption, thereby causing natriuresis.|||Dopamine in low doses stimulates both DA-1 and DA-2 dopamine receptors, causing renal arteriolar vasodilation with increased RBF.42,43It also inhibits proximal sodium re-absorption, thereby causing natriuresis.
6		MESH:D007649	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f0aaf052-392b-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9221938	It has also been shown that repeated administration of ketamine to rats produces a postsynaptic dopamine receptor sensitization as shown by apomorphine-induced behavioral activation[16], without any evidence for a change in dopamine turn-over in the striatum.|||Repeated ketamine pre-treatment has minor effects on spontaneous behavior in the rat and is associated with a behavioral supersensitivity to apomorphine-induced dopamine receptor stimulation[16].
6		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b3404c64-390b-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	25449634	Briefly, catalepsy was induced by an intraperitoneal injection with the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol (0.3mg/kg body wt).|||The results showed that PCB52 affected brainstem auditory evoked potentials more than PCB180 (Lilienthal et al., 2011), but effects on catalepsy induced by the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol were more pronounced after developmental PCB180, compared with PCB52 (Lilienthal et al., 2014).
6		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6f824632-c8e5-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC1876677	The D2-like dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol blocked the amphetamine-induced reduction in locomotor activity incolobomamice compared to amphetamine alone (Fig. 1A).|||The D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists haloperidol and raclopride, but not the D1/D5 dopamine receptor antagonist SCH23390, blocked the amphetamine-induced reduction in locomotor activity incolobomamice.
6		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	deb18eaa-377e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10791690	Mucosal lesions induction Dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (5.0 mg.kg–1b.w.|||Dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (5.0 mg.kg–1b.w.
6		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	763efc08-bc3e-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.06.004	The selective D2/3 dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride is approximately 100-fold more selective for D2 versus D3 dopamine receptor subtypes and has a greater affinity for D2-like versus D1-like dopamine receptors (Vallone et al., 2000).|||Microinjection of the selective D2/3 dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride into the accumbens shell prior to SKF-81297 attenuated reinstatement of cocaine seeking elicited by intra-accumbal shell administration of this D1-like dopamine receptor agonist.
5		FPLX:Phosphatase	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	f6231400-3a80-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	26704856	This protein, phosphatase 1, is inhibited when phosphorylated by dopamine receptor D1 stimulation, thus enabling corticostriatal synaptic plasticity.DRD2alleles determine dopamine receptor D2 affinity; this is primarily expressed by striatopallidal medium spiny neurons that are sensitive to dips of dopamine below baseline.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:Q00975	Protein	782c1182-bc3d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	PMC1805491	Dialysis of striatal cholinergic neurons with recombinant RGS9 proteins reduces D2 dopamine receptor-mediated inhibition of the voltage-dependent Cav2.2 channels, but does not alter the M2 muscarinic receptor modulation of Cav2.2 currents in the same neurons.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		UNIPROT:P01303	Protein	74125d7c-c8e5-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC2709075	Effect of dopamine receptor antagonists on apomorphine induced inhibition of NPY release To further characterize the receptor subtypes responsible for dopamine agonist-induced inhibition of NPY release from PC12 cells, we examined the effects of several specific dopamine receptor antagonists.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:O94856	Protein	d556d6b0-bbd6-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.cell.2004.09.019	As controls, the activation of an NFκB-luciferase reporter by IKK and an NFAT-luciferase reporter by the dopamine receptor 2 (D2R) were not inhibited in the Ryk siRNA-containing cells, demonstrating that the Ryk siRNA-mediated inhibition was specific to the TCF pathway.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		UNIPROT:Q99259	Protein	68fd29ce-0eb5-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00112-5	The likelihood that the D1 and D2 dopamine receptors, respectively, stimulate GAD65 and inhibit GAD67 gene expression in different subpopulations of striatal neurons is consistent with the differential distribution of these receptors in striato-nigral and striato-pallidal neurons[19, 24, 25, 36, 65].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P27918	Protein	f2c417aa-bbf2-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0896-6273(04)00159-X	Moreover, Gsα-coupled D1 dopamine receptors have been shown to increase membrane excitability in a PKA-dependent manner in pyramidal neurons of the PFC(Gonzalez-Islas and Hablitz, 2003), and D1 dopamine receptor activation in the PFC is hypothesized to underlie the sustained network activity that allows for focused behavior(Durstewitz and Seamans, 2002)such as compulsive drug use(Berke and Hyman, 2000).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P27918	Protein	006a3656-bc01-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.038	Nicotine selectively increases dopamine release in the PFC (Drew et al 2000; Drew and Werling 2003), and higher extracellular levels of dopamine are predicted to improve the balance between D1(extrasynaptic) versus D2(synaptic) dopamine receptor activation in the PFC of schizophrenics (Seamans and Yang 2004).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P27918	Protein	c2607062-bc4d-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.07.004	Together with our results, these studies provide solid evidence that D1/D5 dopamine receptor activation inhibits glutamate release in the rat PFC.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P01308	Protein	7956470c-055e-11f0-baad-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.029	The dopamine receptor D2 agonist bromocriptine reduces body weight and improves insulin sensitivity and was approved for use in T2D in 2009, although it is not widely prescribed.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P00915	Protein	8c141a00-bc2e-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.tins.2003.11.003	Recently, Kotechaet al.[46]showed that D4 dopamine receptor activation in CA1 neurons, and in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, caused depression of NMDA currents.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P13497	Protein	0f8f4cfa-3555-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10372507	Moreover, the D2 family of dopamine receptor antagonists (sulpiride) alleviate the symptoms of PCP induced behaviours in rodents, while the agonist (quinpirole) potentiates the PCP induced social isolation and stereotyped behaviours that are thought to model schizophrenia[52].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P46937	Protein	068f7afa-866d-11f0-9ac3-0050569a1f61	PMC7856220	Inhibition of the dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1), which couples to G-protein receptors,viadihydrexidine (DHX) disrupted YAP signaling in isolated fibroblasts and reduced lung and liver fibrosis in bleomycin and bile duct ligation models, respectively.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P08174	Protein	48122660-3555-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	10708299	The dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol also inhibited[99mTc]Tc 1binding in different brain areas(Fig. 6).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P98161	Protein	859b5326-c8e7-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC2427157	The D2 dopamine receptor was down-regulated in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas, and, furthermore, down-regulation of the D2 dopamine receptor in aldosterone-producing adenomas increased PKD1 activity and led to overproduction of aldosterone in affected patients (27).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P67920	Protein	005a6282-1a5f-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.001	Interestingly, dopamine receptor activation in BLA is also critical for reward learning [53], raising the possibility that different subpopulations of BLA-projecting dopamine neurons might encode threats versus rewards.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P49685	Protein	a233558a-0030-11f0-9f22-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.jaut.2025.103357	In contrast to CCR9, α4β7, and GPR15, which mediate the homing of both Teffs and Tregs, the dopamine receptor D3(DRD3) modulates Treg homing with higher specificity.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	phosphorylatesProtein		UNIPROT:Q9UD71	Protein	5b7440a4-3545-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	16102840	The activation of D1 dopamine receptors on medium spiny neurons in the NAcc activates PKA and PKA-mediated phosphorylation of DARPP-32 (Hemmings et al., 1984; Fienberg et al., 1998).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:Q03403	Protein	b2c904a2-d9c2-11ee-9133-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0165-0173(98)00016-2	Activation of dopamine receptors by non-specific agonists such as apomorphine increases the levels of SP protein and/or mRNA in SP+ striatal perikarya and in the terminals of these neurons in striatal target areas, while it decreases the levels of ENK protein and/or mRNA in ENK+ striatal perikarya and in terminals in their target areas.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:Q52078	Protein	59251510-00a6-11f0-9c09-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150614	Dong et al. [54] found that administering dopamine receptor agonists to experimental guinea pigs blocked the formation of FDM but not LIM.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P01236	Protein	ad3300ee-5c36-11e7-8c5f-001a4ae51246	28109826	Administration of dopamine receptor agonists also reduces prolactin in this system.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		UNIPROT:P01236	Protein	9fc3aa02-c476-11e5-9da3-001a4ae51247	26111607	The dopamine receptor agonist Pergolide consistently reduced prolactin levels.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:O93464	Protein	4eff45e4-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainres.2004.07.051	Dopamine release in the nucleus of the solitary tract is one of the downstream consequences of feeding or intraperitoneal injection of CCK-8[2]and it has been shown that dopamine receptor antagonists can potentiate[3]the actions of CCK-8 on feeding.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:Q08828	Protein	21c35e12-f00b-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.pharmthera.2003.10.005	Interestingly, mice lacking the G-protein γ7subunit have strongly reduced levels of striatal Gαolf, and dopamine receptor-induced activation of AC is abolished in striatal cells(Schwindinger et al., 2003).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		CHEBI:7421	Chemical	37a1ca24-3406-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	28882425	Interestingly, many appetite suppressants also increase NAC dopamine releases and their weight loss effects are reduced by intra-NAc infusions of dopamine receptor antagonists in rats (Opacka-Juffry et al., 2014; Kalyanasundar et al., 2015).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:45296	Chemical	64acdd2a-bc48-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1567-133X(02)00098-4	In this report we describe the localization of dDA1, a member of D1 dopamine receptor family that activates the cAMP cascade, in the adult and developing CNS.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		CHEBI:29108	Chemical	a8dc34a0-351d-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	28506554	Interestingly, activation of D2/4 dopamine receptors appears to induce calcium release from IP3R opening via a mechanism involved in the activation of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs): PDGFRβand phospholipase C (PLCγ) in CA1 pyramidal neurons.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:34603	Chemical	aa903080-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2006.01.011	The data show that repeated bilateral microinjections of either D1 dopamine receptor agonist, SKF 38393 or D2 dopamine receptor agonist, quinpirole into NAc increased morphine CPP.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		CHEBI:34603	Chemical	92d96512-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00968-1	Peripheral and intra-NA administration of the mixed D1/D2 dopamine receptor antagonist, flupenthixol, blocked T-induced CPP(Packard et al., 1998).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		CHEBI:34603	Chemical	d3a7d22e-bc53-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.03.035	In Experiment 2, the D1 dopamine receptor antagonist, SCH 23390, attenuated cocaine CPP in Japanese quail using CPP apparatus that consisted solely of visual cues.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		CHEBI:9242	Chemical	8b6a3c6e-bc3e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00499-8	Within the VTA, dopamine receptors of the D2-like family are autoreceptors and inhibit impulse flow, neurotransmitter synthesis and release in dopamine neurons(White and Wang, 1984).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0050909	Phenotype	7a239fb4-376a-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	9726644	Further support for apomorphine-induced conditioned taste aversions being centrally mediated is that centrally acting, but not peripherally acting, dopamine receptor antagonists block apomorphine-induced conditioned taste aversions (Pratt and Stolerman, 1984).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0007612	Phenotype	782183ba-377f-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	10998541	In addition, dopamine receptor agonists impair latent learning, suggesting that activation of the dopaminergic system impairs this ability[16].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0007612	Phenotype	6829b6da-3554-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	10612708	In addition, we have shown the dopamine receptor agonists impair this learning, suggesting that activation of the dopaminergic system impairs the ability of latent learning.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	f833601a-0d5f-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0028-3908(99)00019-2	Both uncompetitive and competitive NMDA receptor antagonists antagonise catalepsy induced by dopamine receptor antagonists.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	6f824632-c8e5-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC1876677	Mice were challenged with the D2-like dopamine receptor antagonist spiperone, which induces akinesia or catalepsy.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	2067e660-3413-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	9692750	Catalepsy induced by a systemic dopamine D1or D2receptor blockade is primarily mediated by striatal dopamine receptors,[9, 13, 15, 25, 46]involving different efferent striatal pathways:[44]dopamine D1antagonists inhibit striatonigral/striatoentopeduncular neurons, while dopamine D2antagonists disinhibit striatopallidal neurons, leading to a reduced activity of pallidal projections to the substantia nigra pars reticulata and the entopeduncular nucleus.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D013395	Phenotype	7cf1f1f6-3755-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	25957911	That dopamine is an important mediator of the enhanced behavioural response to high concentrations of sugar has been demonstrated by blocking dopamine receptors, which reduces licking for high sucrose concentrations[17,26].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	99157fe8-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02685-7	Since ethanol only increases locomotor activity in ISS but not ILS mice(Hanania and Zahniser, 2002), we tested whether ethanol-stimulated activity in ISS mice is modulated by dopamine receptor antagonists.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	99157fe8-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02685-7	Furthermore, dopamine receptor antagonists attenuate ethanol-stimulated activity in mice(Risinger et al., 1992; Shen et al., 1995).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		MESH:D000109	Phenotype	4c51a0be-353e-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	9851579	), a dopamine receptor antagonist, administered intraperitoneally 30 min before the administration of methamphetamine, attenuated the methamphetamine-induced increase (24.6±6.8%;P<0.05) of acetylcholine release at 30 min (Fig. 2B).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0035483	Phenotype	0d87e9c0-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1474-4422(03)00307-7	Drugs that block dopamine receptors accelerate gastric emptying, presumably via an effect on gastric dopamine receptors.109Metoclopramide hydrochloride speeds up gastric emptying but is contraindicated in PD because it readily gains access to the CNS and blocks striatal dopamine receptors, thus exacerbating parkinsonism.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0043084	Phenotype	c829e032-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.05.015	Indeed, oxytocin injected into the hippocampus facilitates penile erection (Melis et al., 1986); apomorphine, a classical dopamine receptor agonist, which induces penile erection by activating oxytocinergic neurons in the PVN, increases oxytocin content in the hippocampus when given at doses that induce penile erection (Melis et al., 1990); and lesions of the medial septum, which decrease oxytocin content in the hippocampus, reduce penile erection induced by this dopamine receptor agonist (Melis et al., 1992).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007631	Phenotype	a0bd7248-390a-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	25461972	To examine the effect of dopamine receptor antagonist (DRA) pretreatment on AMPH-induced feeding behavior and body weight change, rats were i.p.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:1990708	Phenotype	0a349a6a-bc50-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.03.012	Furthermore, testosterone-elicited conditioned place preference can be blocked by administration of a dopamine receptor antagonist into the nucleus accumbens(Packard et al., 1998).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:1990708	Phenotype	8496029e-354d-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	15325725	In another study byKim et al. (1999)the administration of ginseng total saponin prior to and during the nicotine treatment in mice inhibited, not only nicotine-induced hyperactivity and conditioned place preference, but also postsynaptic dopamine receptor supersensitivity in nicotine-induced conditioned place preference mice.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0035249	Phenotype	809144e8-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01079-2	In this context, it should only be noted—at least if the development of amphetamine sensitization is considered—that recent electrophysiological in vitro studies show that nonselective antagonists of 5-HT receptors (methysergide, methiothepin), but not antagonists of dopamine receptors, inhibit the psychostimulant-induced depression of excitatory glutamatergic synaptic transmission onto the ventral tegmental area(Jones and Kauer, 1999), a brain structure involved in this phase of sensitization to psychostimulants (seeIntroduction).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0010467	Phenotype	98f82648-bc3e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00260-9	Both locomotor behavior and dopamine receptor-mediated gene expression are enhanced following stimulation of dopamine receptors thus sensitized.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0006351	Phenotype	751ce46a-c46e-11e5-a92e-001a4ae51246	24642269	It was also found that dopamine receptors regulate IP3R1 expressionviaactivator protein 1 and nuclear factor of activated T cells mediated transcription[146–148].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0009058	Phenotype	68fd29ce-0eb5-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00112-5	When directly delivered into the substantia nigra, D1 dopamine receptor agonists are also able to increase the release[17, 50, 64]or the synthesis[1]of GABA.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0009058	Phenotype	186004a8-bc2d-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0165-3806(01)00195-X	Dopamine receptor stimulation may suppress striatal cytogenesis by preventing or reducing the synthesis or release of mitogenic factors from cells in the vicinity of precursor cells, an issue remained to be investigated experimentally.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0019233	Phenotype	85bec1b8-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0006-8993(03)03318-3	Although beyond the scope of the present studies, to further address the hypothesis that noxious formalin injection results in the stimulation of accumbens dopamine receptors which then feedback inhibit nociception, future studies could evaluate the effects of D1 or D2 antagonists on nociceptive responses induced by low intraplantar formalin concentrations.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D006930	Phenotype	85bec1b8-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0006-8993(03)03318-3	Future studies might investigate whether stimulation of dopamine receptors in the nAcc inhibits allodynia or hyperalgesia in animal models of chronic inflammatory or neuropathic pain.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060291	Phenotype	0f20e2b6-bbf3-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neuron.2005.05.002	Conversely, LTP can be enhanced by activation of dopamine receptors.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060291	Phenotype	d2e26dd0-3510-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	26657967	Specifically, dopamine receptor activation in hippocampal neurons lowers the threshold for long-term potentiation (LTP) and enhances protein synthesis within the dendrites of these neurons (Smith et al., 2005), which is necessary for the maintenance of LTP – the so-called late LTP – in hippocampal area CA1 (Huang and Kandel, 1995).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060292	Phenotype	bc969a4e-c46d-11e5-a92e-001a4ae51246	PMC4286501	Previous studies have shown that LTD at corticostriatal synapses can be induced with yet another STDP protocol—a single spike followed by a single excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)—and that this LTD is modulated by dopamine receptors (Pawlak and Kerr, 2008) and the local GABAergic circuit (Fino and Venance, 2010).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060292	Phenotype	cf6ef264-1b1c-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105719	The respective MSNs projecting to the direct and indirect pathways are facilitated by the distinguished long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) mechanisms mediated by D1 and D2 dopamine receptors within the caudate nucleus (Fig. 1B) (Deng et al., 2006; Kravitz et al., 2010).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D045888	Phenotype	539cf982-87a1-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	PMC7655685	Dopamine receptors are expressed by photoreceptors, horizontal cells, some cone bipolar cells (including ON type-6 bipolar cells) and amacrine cells (Cohen et al., 1992;Derouiche and Asan, 1999;Farshi et al., 2016;Li et al., 2013;Veruki, 1997;Veruki and Wassle, 1996), and perturbed function at any or all of these sites could propagate down to the ganglion cell level.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D014202	Phenotype	9b04ca7c-3559-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	11070179	However, it appears that a dopaminergic antagonistic action is not involved in the enhancing mechanisms of these drugs on the tail tremor induced by nicotine, since a dopamine receptor antagonist, haloperidol, suppresses nicotine-induced tail tremor(Suemaru et al., 1994).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D014202	Phenotype	57fc5904-353e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9874160	For example, the D1-class dopamine receptor agonist SKF 38393 was reported to induce mouth openings, vacuous chewing, high-frequency jaw movements and facial tremors when administered parenterally (Rosengarten et al., 1983;Collins et al., 1993), although other authors have failed to reproduce these effects (seeWaddington et al., 1995).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D015647	Phenotype	3c099d72-3554-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	10625048	The activation of hippocampal D1 dopamine receptors has been shown to partially block INa.8Saturating concentrations of SKF-38393 (10–20μM) reduced INaby about 27%.8This SKF-38393-induced inhibition of INacould explain the inhibition of large sEPSCs.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:1904936	Phenotype	ffa0bbea-c46c-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	PMC4299592	Moreover, a balance in distinct dopamine receptor activities differentially modulates interneuron migration from GEs to the cortex: D1 receptor activation promotes whereas D2 receptor activation decreases interneuron migration[40].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009369	Phenotype	35e21ec4-3905-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	PMC5518622	Further supporting the concept that dopamine receptors may be a useful therapeutic target, an earlier study found that knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of the D2DR dopamine receptor reduced tumor growth in patient-derived GBM cell cultures[80].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0006412	Phenotype	d2e26dd0-3510-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	26657967	Specifically, dopamine receptor activation in hippocampal neurons lowers the threshold for long-term potentiation (LTP) and enhances protein synthesis within the dendrites of these neurons (Smith et al., 2005), which is necessary for the maintenance of LTP – the so-called late LTP – in hippocampal area CA1 (Huang and Kandel, 1995).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		MESH:D009569	Phenotype	5b417abc-bbed-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.mcn.2005.01.003	Here we report that noradrenaline reduces NO, IL-6, and TNF-alpha release, while dopamine receptor activation only decreased NO release.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0006897	Phenotype	725e38fa-1bbc-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.12.024	Furthermore, co-incubation of free dopamine and DNPC-αCD47 nanoparticles can significantly reduce the uptake of nanoparticles by macrophages, indicating that dopamine receptor-mediated endocytosis plays an important role in the uptake of nanoparticles (Fig. 3D).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	64acdd2a-bc48-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1567-133X(02)00098-4	In this report we describe the localization of dDA1, a member of D1 dopamine receptor family that activates the cAMP cascade, in the adult and developing CNS.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	06a79cc0-bc01-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00571-7	It is the D1 dopamine receptor that increases levels of cAMP, rather than the D2 receptor.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	d0340658-0c62-11f0-bb75-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S1350-9462(00)00010-0	In pituitary lactotrophs, D2 dopamine receptor interacts with pertussis-sensitive, inhibitory G-proteins (Sibleyet al., 1982;Senogleset al., 1987) to reduce adenylate cyclase activity and attenuate stimulation of intracellular cAMP brought on by other agents (Onaliet al., 1981;Sibleyet al., 1982).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	7515def6-3409-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25721394	It is well known that D2 dopamine receptors signal through the Giproteins to reduce cAMP levels.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D005680	Phenotype	be0f79a4-bbee-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0006-8993(01)03381-9	In addition, a change in the threshold for GABA release induced by dopamine receptor stimulation has been described in old rats[59].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D005680	Phenotype	645813a0-da1a-11ee-ae05-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00197-2	Although the etiology is unclear, postsynaptic dopamine receptor up-regulation in nigrostriatal dopamine pathways and reduced gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmission are thought to be important.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D008787	Phenotype	c1b4e42e-cc81-11e5-888a-001a4ae51246	9247267	Although the etiology of adenomyosis is unknown, in previous animal models, it has been associated with hyperprolactinemia produced by the dopamine receptor antagonists perphenazine, metoclopramide, or sulpiride (Singtripop et al. 1991), by ectopic pituitary grafts that isolate the pituitary from inhibitory dopamine input (Husby et al. 1985), or by prenatal exposure to diethylstilbesterol (Husby and Thurlow 1982).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D014439	Phenotype	c30a67ca-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	PMC1852429	Thus, it is possible that the dopamine receptor mediating the tyramine effect may possess an unconventional pharmacological profile.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060134	Phenotype	1fbcee98-bc08-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0196-9781(03)00123-2	Among them, dopaminergic neurotransmission plays an important role in PPI because the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine markedly inhibits PPI, while the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol reverses the apomorphine-induced attenuation of PPI[5].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D010293	Phenotype	2a084a9e-352a-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	25530019	Dopamine receptor activation after MFB stimulation has also been shown to be increased in the NAc of rodents after injecting a dopamine,d-amphetamine and pargyline cocktail when compared to receiving saline injections (Olds, 1990).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D006966	Phenotype	c1b4e42e-cc81-11e5-888a-001a4ae51246	9247267	Although the etiology of adenomyosis is unknown, in previous animal models, it has been associated with hyperprolactinemia produced by the dopamine receptor antagonists perphenazine, metoclopramide, or sulpiride (Singtripop et al. 1991), by ectopic pituitary grafts that isolate the pituitary from inhibitory dopamine input (Husby et al. 1985), or by prenatal exposure to diethylstilbesterol (Husby and Thurlow 1982).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D006966	Phenotype	20505464-ab84-11e6-90f5-001a4ae51247	26477293	Experimental hyperprolactinemia Hyperprolactinemia was induced by the dopamine receptor blocker domperidone (Johnson & Johnson, Brazil).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	2a084a9e-352a-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	25530019	Dopamine receptor activation after MFB stimulation has also been shown to be increased in the NAc of rodents after injecting a dopamine,d-amphetamine and pargyline cocktail when compared to receiving saline injections (Olds, 1990).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	37a1ca24-3406-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	28882425	Interestingly, many appetite suppressants also increase NAC dopamine releases and their weight loss effects are reduced by intra-NAc infusions of dopamine receptor antagonists in rats (Opacka-Juffry et al., 2014; Kalyanasundar et al., 2015).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	9b08a2be-c463-11e5-a92e-001a4ae51246	PMC4692184	D2, but not D1 dopamine receptor antagonism abolished this effect, suggesting a role for dopamine in the mechanism of DBS in this model.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	2c3e3d1a-3ab5-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10837843	Thus the effect of chronic caffeine exposure in enhancing nicotine- and cocaine-induced release of dopamine might be mediated by an altered, possibly reduced, ability of dopamine receptors to transduce the dopamine signal.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	f4c224ac-bbf2-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuron.2004.05.019	Dopamine receptor-mediated IPSCs(Figure 7A)and dopamine iontophoretic responses(Figure 7B)that were observed in slices from mice lacking GIRK3 subunits were similar to those of wild-type animals.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	1926bc10-1c0e-11f0-a2ca-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.12.008	Previous research has demonstrated that the dopamine receptor D2 agonist quinpirole (QP) reduces DA neuron firing rates (FRs), so we expected cell cluster–specific responses after QP addition (Dagra et al., 2021).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	80542c62-bbd6-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.mad.2005.09.026	Pharmacological models of PD included the administration of dopamine-depleting drugs (reserpine, amphetamine) or chronic blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors with neuroleptics.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	8b6a3c6e-bc3e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00499-8	Within the VTA, dopamine receptors of the D2-like family are autoreceptors and inhibit impulse flow, neurotransmitter synthesis and release in dopamine neurons(White and Wang, 1984).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	ab464cd4-bc44-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.04.020	However, dopamine receptor activation has wakefulness promoting actions (Isaac and Berridge, 2003), amphetamine increases waking states (Wisor et al., 2001), sleep deprivation augments the metabolism of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (Asakura et al., 1992), and this last effect may be mediated by dopamine D2 receptors (Asakura et al., 1994).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	aa071556-bc44-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	PMC2704911	From such analysis RA is able to induce a series of proteins that transduce the dopamine signal including DARPP-32, the D1 dopamine receptor, the Golf olfactory G protein, and adenylyl cyclase type V (Toresson et al., 1999b; Wang and Liu, 2005).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	32a9dde2-3783-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	11323182	The most potent presynaptic dopamine receptor antagonist, OSU6162, has been shown to increase the release of dopamine and dopamine synthesis rate in the rat (Ekesbo et al., 1999).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	2c1b794e-3360-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	25585121	Dopamine receptor agonist model This model is based on the observation that chronic abuse of the indirect DA agonists amphetamine and cocaine elicits psychosis in otherwise normal individuals and also increases both DA release and spontaneous locomotion and behavioural disinhibition in the rat which are behaviours believed to be analogous to positive symptoms (reviewed inJones et al., 2011) .
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	c27b9f40-392d-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	9570461	The dopamine receptor antagonist, (−)-sulpiride (0.1μmol/l), enhanced the evoked dopamine release by 188%.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	56bf3020-87e3-11f0-8cae-0050569a1f61	PMC7669724	Neither estradiol nor tamoxifen appear to have direct dopamine receptor blocking activity, instead appearing to overall enhance dopamine tone in striatal regions (Becker, 1990; Chaurasia et al., 1998; Yoest et al., 2014).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	15f11d7a-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1474-4422(02)00038-8	The response to direct dopamine agonists in this context could be explained by their action on presynaptic dopamine receptors, which would decrease dopamine release even further.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	5e3a9ddc-052d-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.008	Moreover, TGM2i, but not the dopamine receptor antagonist fluphenazine, abolished the effect of dopamine on suppressing ferroptosis and upregulating GPX4 (Figures 2D and 2E).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	561ca8f0-3390-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	10677594	If the intrastriatal infusion of ω-ctx would indeed inhibit the release of dopamine, the first synaptic target to detect a decreased availability of dopamine are the dopamine receptors, in particular D2-dopamine receptors[19].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D005355	Phenotype	068f7afa-866d-11f0-9ac3-0050569a1f61	PMC7856220	Inhibition of the dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1), which couples to G-protein receptors,viadihydrexidine (DHX) disrupted YAP signaling in isolated fibroblasts and reduced lung and liver fibrosis in bleomycin and bile duct ligation models, respectively.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0008152	Phenotype	ab464cd4-bc44-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.04.020	However, dopamine receptor activation has wakefulness promoting actions (Isaac and Berridge, 2003), amphetamine increases waking states (Wisor et al., 2001), sleep deprivation augments the metabolism of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (Asakura et al., 1992), and this last effect may be mediated by dopamine D2 receptors (Asakura et al., 1994).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002493	Phenotype	b7c9348e-3ab0-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	24878326	For example, some dopaminergic behavioral effects are β-arrestin-2-dependent[75], suggesting that the well-known benefits and drawbacks of dopamine receptor modulation in CNS disease could be improved by biased ligands; examples of biased ligands targeting the D2 dopamine receptor suggest the feasibility of this approach[76].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0042136	Phenotype	8b6a3c6e-bc3e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00499-8	Within the VTA, dopamine receptors of the D2-like family are autoreceptors and inhibit impulse flow, neurotransmitter synthesis and release in dopamine neurons(White and Wang, 1984).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D008141	Phenotype	8b8178d6-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2004.04.014	When considering the data from 42 rats that received bilateral infusions to the VTA, there was a main effect of the initial infusion to the VTA of the dopamine receptor antagonist, SCH23390, to attenuate lordosis, over that seen with initial infusions of vehicle.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	7515def6-3409-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25721394	These studies, together with the present observations showing selective up-regulation of striatal D2 dopamine receptors in TAAR1-KO mice, led us to analyze the status of D2 dopamine receptor-related signaling in TAAR1-KO mice.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	8496029e-354d-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	15325725	In another study byKim et al. (1999)the administration of ginseng total saponin prior to and during the nicotine treatment in mice inhibited, not only nicotine-induced hyperactivity and conditioned place preference, but also postsynaptic dopamine receptor supersensitivity in nicotine-induced conditioned place preference mice.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	3c2f0586-377e-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	10580307	For instance, in mice, the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine produced a greater enhancement of stereotyped behavior in proactive coping animals than in reactive coping animals, suggesting that proactive coping animals may be associated with a more sensitive dopaminergic system[57].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D003643	Phenotype	7361c004-3c6f-11f0-8978-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103744	The mPFS and mOS were not reached in DRd group; however, DRd decreased the risk of progression or death by 44% compared with continuous Rd; HR: 0.56, p < 0.001.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D003643	Phenotype	23a3ebc2-3746-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	26228080	Furthermore, as proposed by Abbott et al.[9], lower dopamine receptor availability may lead to compensatory increases in dopamine turnover, consequently increasing oxidative stress and neuronal death.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D019257	Phenotype	8805c80e-bc3e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.04.015	In the present study, systemic administration of domperidone, a dopamine receptor antagonist that does not cross the blood–brain barrier, did not prevent the inhibitory effect of quinpirole on iBAT thermogenesis induced by cold exposure, even though similar doses prevent the area-postrema-mediated gastric motor response induced by apomorphine (Koga et al., 2003).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0001964	Phenotype	c4e44f24-c46e-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	PMC4170046	There is ample evidence suggesting serotonergic systems are modulated by acoustic stimuli and in turn modulate aspects of the acoustic startle response, including serotonergic neurons in the medullary raphe (e.g., RPa and raphe magnus nucleus, RMg; for a review, seeDavis, 1980), MnR (Daugherty et al., 2001; Dilts and Boadle-Biber, 1995), and the anxiety-related DRD (Spannuth et al., 2011) and DRC (Evans et al., 2009).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D020323	Phenotype	213dde68-c46d-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	PMC4345166	Although the alterations in CSTC circuits underlying tics involve multiple neurotransmitter systems, a number of neuroimaging studies and postmortem analyses have clearly documented that tics are likely supported by excess activation of dopamine receptors or other alterations of the dopaminergic system (Minzer et al., 2004; Gilbert et al., 2006; Steeves et al., 2010).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D020323	Phenotype	1ffab070-341a-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	17667475	First, blockade of dopamine receptors by neuroleptic drugs suppresses tics in a majority of patients.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D003913	Phenotype	2a084a9e-352a-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	25530019	Dopamine receptor activation after MFB stimulation has also been shown to be increased in the NAc of rodents after injecting a dopamine,d-amphetamine and pargyline cocktail when compared to receiving saline injections (Olds, 1990).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D005576	Phenotype	6f824632-c8e5-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC1876677	The D2/D3 dopamine receptor agonist quinpirole dose-dependently inhibited forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in both control andcolobomamice (Fig. 7C), but the inhibition was significantly greater incolobomamice than control mice (p<0.05).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D005576	Phenotype	d1e2f77a-c8dd-11e5-9cb8-001a4ae51247	16679320	Interestingly, previous studies using PTX-insensitive αisubunits have shown that the long form of the D2 dopamine receptor (32) and the m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (33) can signal through the mutated αi3subunit to inhibit forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007165	Phenotype	592a1654-3390-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10670703	Dopamine receptor mediated signal transduction reactions (e.g.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007165	Phenotype	bb7177d8-3905-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	28065780	5 proteins (SLC6A3, DBH, DRD2, MAOA, and DRD1) were involved in dopamine receptor mediated signaling pathway.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007165	Phenotype	d063047c-874f-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100921	The enriched KEGG pathways were observd like Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Hippocampal volume, Signaling by GPCR, Gastrin-CREB signaling pathway via PKC and MAPK, Regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response, Parkinson's disease, Dopamine receptors, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, Axon guidance, Neuronal System, Acetylcholine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle, Cholinergic synapse, Hippo signaling pathway, Neurotransmitter Release Cycle, Dopamine receptor mediated signaling pathway, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 2, 4 signaling pathway, MAPK1/MAPK3 signaling, Alzheimer's disease-amyloid secretase pathway, Cell death signaling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE, Signaling byNGF, p53 signaling pathway, p53 pathway, p75 NTR receptor-mediated signallingPI3K/AKT activation, Dopaminergic synapse, NGF signaling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, Wnt signaling pathway, Phospholipase D signaling pathway, Disorders of transmembrane transporters, Signaling by Rho GTPases,cAMPsignaling pathway, Inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sporadic), Neural tube defects, Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), Hippocampal atrophy, Nervous system diseases, Bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and Neurodegenerative diseases.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007165	Phenotype	7df58cda-3362-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	9473593	Although the AS decreased the facilitatory effects of apomorphine on FosB(N)-LI in the 6-OHDA-denervated striatum, it did not reduce apomorphine-induced rotation, indicating that dopamine receptor-mediated signal transduction mechanisms necessary for contralateral turning were unaffected by the oligonucleotide.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D001835	Phenotype	a8d575f6-bc44-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.09.005	The above observations are consistent with previous findings that prenatal exposure to dopamine receptor antagonist, such as haloperidol, sulpiride, risperidone, etc. reduced body weight in rats (Holson et al., 1994; Rosengarten and Quartermain, 2002; Williams et al., 1992).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D001835	Phenotype	7956470c-055e-11f0-baad-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.029	The dopamine receptor D2 agonist bromocriptine reduces body weight and improves insulin sensitivity and was approved for use in T2D in 2009, although it is not widely prescribed.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D007035	Phenotype	8198d000-3514-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	26057949	Eight classes of hypothermia-inducing drugs have been used in ischemic stroke models, including cannabinoid (CB)1 receptor agonists such as WIN 55 and 212-2, opioid receptor agonists such as (d-Ala2,d-Leu5) enkephalin, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 agonists such as Rinvanil, neurotensin analogs such as acetyl-neurotensin-(8-13), thyroxine derivatives such as 3-iodothyronamine, dopamine receptor activators such as apomorphine, hypothermia-inducing gases such as helium, and adenosine and adenine nucleotides (Zhang et al., 2013; Deng et al., 2014).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0070459	Phenotype	52605d56-352a-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25547318	Dopamine agonist medications work by inhibiting prolactin secretion mediated by dopamine receptors located in both normal and abnormal lactotrophs.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0042220	Phenotype	a653ad7a-cc75-11e5-85cd-001a4ae51247	9427251	This enhanced response to cocaine is blocked by D1 and D2 dopamine receptor antagonists, further suggesting that postsynaptic dopamine receptor supersensitivity is responsible for this effect.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D001836	Phenotype	a0bd7248-390a-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	25461972	To examine the effect of dopamine receptor antagonist (DRA) pretreatment on AMPH-induced feeding behavior and body weight change, rats were i.p.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D010479	Phenotype	98f8edc4-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01537-0	Finally, the neuroprotective effects of pergolide appeared to be independent of dopamine receptor activity because different dopamine receptor antagonists, such as spiperone, SCH 23390 and (−)-sulpiride, and the α-adrenoceptor antagonist phenoxybenzamine, were unable to inhibit pergolide-mediated neuroprotection.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0045087	Phenotype	d24518d2-3385-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26616870	These results indicated that dopamine receptor antagonists affected anti-inflammatory responses in the macrophage-mediated innate immune response.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0046960	Phenotype	155925b4-bc2d-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.devbrainres.2004.08.004	Since dopamine receptors are thought to mediate behavioral sensitization to stimulants[13,35,41,71], the unique dopaminergic neurochemistry in the periadolescent male rats may explain why there was a differential response to amphetamine after nicotine exposure in periadolescent male rats compared to the other groups tested.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0046960	Phenotype	4af3a912-bc08-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0898-6568(03)00115-3	In addition, 5-HT1A receptors have also been shown to activate Gαo, which has been implicated in D2 dopamine receptor-mediated heterologous sensitization[13,24,29].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D006220	Phenotype	2547e5c4-f1a2-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01463-4	Thus, theta peak frequency is increased by the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine, whereas it is shifted to lower frequencies by the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol(Yamamoto 1988).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D016202	Phenotype	20b9f1f0-3943-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	15369680	It has also been shown recently that D1-like dopamine receptors modulate NMDA-mediated responses in the cortex and hippocampus supporting the idea that convergence between dopamine and glutamate systems may promote plasticity (Seamans et al., 2001; Wang & O'Donnell, 2001).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	95104f58-45e4-11f0-b8fe-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104584	Dopamine receptor antagonism in the NAc shell attenuated cocaine-primed reinstatement (Anderson et al., 2006, 2003; Bachtell et al., 2005), and intracerebroventricular ALLO injections reduced the basal extracellular dopamine content in the NAc in drug-naïve males (Motzo et al., 1996).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	944d43ba-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.09.024	Thus, infusion of dopamine receptor antagonists into the anterior dorsal lateral striatum dose-dependently decreased well-established responding for cocaine under a second-order schedule of reinforcement (Vanderschuren et al., 2005).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	c3f92126-bbe9-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0166-4328(03)00103-7	Thus, reversible inactivation of the dorsal part of the prefrontal cortex (which includes the prelimbic area) or blockade of dopamine receptors in this brain site, attenuates reinstatement of cocaine seeking induced by drug priming[41,49], drug cues[42], and footshock[7]and restraint[58]stressors.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0040011	Phenotype	2f25c3a2-392c-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	9274968	ACEA 1021 did also not attenuate reduced locomotion induced by dopamine receptor blockade (data not shown).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0046541	Phenotype	0ebb865a-bbdf-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.jinsphys.2004.06.004	Two non-selective dopamine receptor agonists, 6,7-ADTN andR(+)-lisuride, and the D1 receptor-selective agonist chloro-APB stimulated saliva secretion.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0006914	Phenotype	f80e4080-ab86-11e6-9236-001a4ae51247	26450776	Raclopride, a dopamine receptor antagonist, significantly upregulated autophagy in cardiac myocytes via an mTOR independent pathway[103].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D020820	Phenotype	d5547052-04f9-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105842	The antidyskinetic effect appeared to be mediated through post-synaptic neurons, as evidenced by finasteride ability to reduce dyskinesias induced by direct dopamine receptor agonists, thereby ruling out modulatory effects on L-DOPA-derived dopamine release (Frau et al., 2017).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0002118	Phenotype	b8e4226a-c87c-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.tics.2023.02.003	Importantly, antagonism of murine dopamine receptors in the nucleus accumbens dampened the rewarding aspects of aggression and reduced aggression in response to a predictable intruder [149].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D013469	Phenotype	c1b4e42e-cc81-11e5-888a-001a4ae51246	9247267	Although the etiology of adenomyosis is unknown, in previous animal models, it has been associated with hyperprolactinemia produced by the dopamine receptor antagonists perphenazine, metoclopramide, or sulpiride (Singtripop et al. 1991), by ectopic pituitary grafts that isolate the pituitary from inhibitory dopamine input (Husby et al. 1985), or by prenatal exposure to diethylstilbesterol (Husby and Thurlow 1982).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000241	Phenotype	817378b2-abb0-11e6-90f5-001a4ae51247	PMC4537378	In addition, in the basal ganglia adenosine directly modulates dopaminergic signaling through complexes formed between adenosine and dopamine receptors (Fuxe et al., 2003, 2007a, 2007b, 2010).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000241	Phenotype	15d5ffca-cd13-11e5-b6ad-001a4ae51246	8785060	First, it assumes that the increase in endogenous adenosine caused by forskolin or dopamine receptors is similar to superfusing exogenous adenosine.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D010300	Phenotype	483748dc-bbd6-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.07.001	It is already known that dopamine receptor agonists as well as adenosine A2Aand glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonists produce an antiparkinsonian effect in animal models of PD (Lorenc-Koci and Wolfarth, 1999; Ossowska et al., 2001, 2005; Breysse et al., 2002; Schapira, 2002; Pinna et al., 2005).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007601	Phenotype	5eaad2e2-1b25-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.xops.2024.100494	For example, DR has been found to be an independent risk factor for CVD in those with diabetes.131For the purpose of the Mary Tyler Moore Vision Initiative DRD Staging Update Project, research with DRD as a dependent variable is considered below.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:FOS:family	ProteinFamily	fec5100a-3769-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	9300403	It may simply be that dopamine receptor activation and D2receptor blockade induce Fos in two separate populations of pallidostriatal neuron, i.e. dopamine excites one population and inhibits the other.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		IP:IPR002230	ProteinFamily	8b2e1142-8d86-11e7-97d2-001a4ae51247	28723415	The authors further suggested that these observed effects were downstream of TAAR1 modulation of D2-like dopamine receptor mediated control of cannabinoid receptor signalling, consistent with TAAR1-mediated effects seen in other experimental models.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	phosphorylatesProtein		FPLX:CREB	ProteinFamily	0c2dcfea-ccc1-11e5-888a-001a4ae51246	8982161	For dopamine, this kinetic model suggests that D1/D5 dopamine receptor activation also initially induces phosphorylation of CREB in both compartments, but that the phosphorylation is rigidly controlled by endogenously active phosphatases that are themselves widespread in the developing striatum but are controlled by the striosome-enriched phosphatase inhibitor DARPP-32.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PI3K	ProteinFamily	e73de56c-bc4e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.mce.2005.10.007	Moreover, all dopamine receptors stimulate transactivation of PI3-K upon agonist addition (Beom et al., 2004; Brito et al., 2004; Lee et al., 2002; Nair and Sealfon, 2003; Oak et al., 2001).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PKA	ProteinFamily	c0769574-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.07.014	Activation of D1-type dopamine receptors triggers cAMP production and activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:PKA	ProteinFamily	59de365e-3348-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	11102574	D2 dopamine receptors are negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase, inhibiting the formation of cAMP and activation of protein kinase A (PKA)[2,42].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:G:alpha	ProteinFamily	31c5cd3a-352d-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	PMC5001556	These receptors fall into two broad classes – D1-like dopamine receptors (including D1 and D5) that initiate Gαsor Gαolfsignaling and D2-like dopamine receptors (including D2, D3, and D4) that initiate Gαior Gαosignaling (Beaulieu & Gainetdinov, 2011).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PLC	ProteinFamily	923d6428-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2005.01.016	In addition to the Gs/olf-coupled classical D1dopamine receptor that increases the formation of cAMP, a D1-like dopamine receptor that couples to Gq protein and stimulates phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ) has been described (Felder et al., 1989; Undie and Friedman, 1990; Undie et al., 1994; Frail et al., 1993; Yu et al., 1996; Pacheco and Jope, 1997).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PLC	ProteinFamily	12440f3a-bc1c-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.08.014	The dopamine receptor 2 directly activates phospholipase C (C8) while calcium (C9) is activated by either phospholipase C (C8) or glutamate receptor (C14).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PLC	ProteinFamily	226e1756-0556-11f0-bd9d-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109971	This is supported by previous findings indicating that dopamine receptors can modulate PLC activity (Jose et al., 1995;Lee et al., 2004).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:IRS	ProteinFamily	bd529ed0-4576-11f0-b8fe-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.wace.2022.100430	Any change in a variable betweenTVIP(TVRP) andDID(DRD) causes the different results ofIIS(IRS).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	dad9794c-da01-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0028-3908(98)00092-6	Similarly, L-745,870 did not exhibit any measurable efficacy in HEK293 or CHO cells transfected with human D4dopamine receptors yet blocked dopamine receptor-mediated inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in these cells (Patel et al., 1997).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	d0340658-0c62-11f0-bb75-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S1350-9462(00)00010-0	In pituitary lactotrophs, D2 dopamine receptor interacts with pertussis-sensitive, inhibitory G-proteins (Sibleyet al., 1982;Senogleset al., 1987) to reduce adenylate cyclase activity and attenuate stimulation of intracellular cAMP brought on by other agents (Onaliet al., 1981;Sibleyet al., 1982).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	6f824632-c8e5-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC1876677	To investigate functional changes in signal transduction, dopamine receptor-mediated adenylate cyclase activity was assessed.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	12440f3a-bc1c-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.08.014	In this model, adenylate cyclase (C6) is activated by dopamine receptor 1 (C4) and not by dopamine receptor 2 (C5), which has been represented by the “AND NOT” gate between the input nodes, C4 and C5.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:G:protein	ProteinFamily	7515def6-3409-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25721394	D2 dopamine receptors can also signal in a G-protein independent manner through the multifunctional protein β-arrestin2, leading to the dephosphorylation of AKT and the subsequent activation of GSK3β (Beaulieu and Gainetdinov, 2011).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ERK	ProteinFamily	bb6050a6-3749-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26187757	Since proline-directed ERK kinases are activated by dopamine receptor (D1R) stimulation (Gerfen, 2003; Gerfen et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2006; Valjent et al., 2004), we reasoned that mGluR5 might be phosphorylated by ERK following D1R stimulation by cocaine (Koob and Bloom, 1988; Koob, 1992).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:MAPK	ProteinFamily	65ed6258-bc4e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.bbamcr.2007.06.007	Previous studies have shown that stimulation of D2 and D3 dopamine receptors induces activation of the MAPK pathway, with the maximum phosphorylation of p44 (ERK1) and p42 (ERK2) occurring at 5 min[6,7].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P28347	Protein	81fe3784-3554-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10865056	Thus, it is plausible to assume that AA release induced by the indirect dopamine receptor agonists is mainly due to the activation of D2dopamine receptors.|||Thus, it is worthwhile to do further studies to clarify the functional role of dopamine receptor subtypes in this complex regulation of ethanol-induced AA release in rat striatum.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:Q05329	Protein	68fd29ce-0eb5-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00112-5	The finding that D1 dopamine receptor agonists induce an increase in GAD65 gene expression in presumed striato-nigral neurons can be taken as further evidence that D1 receptors stimulate GABAergic activity in these neurons.|||Role of D1 receptor subtypes on the regulation of striato-nigral GABAergic neurons The finding that D1 dopamine receptor agonists induce an increase in GAD65 gene expression in presumed striato-nigral neurons can be taken as further evidence that D1 receptors stimulate GABAergic activity in these neurons.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	5bbdc9fc-3362-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	9424014	The NMDA receptor antagonists, phenylcyclidine, ketamine and 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP-5), reduce dopamine receptor antagonist-induced catalepsy.|||HU-211 reduced the dopamine receptor antagonist-induced catalepsy in a similar manner to MK-801 in the haloperidol- and clebopride-treated animals.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	94697f76-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.05.043	NMDA receptor antagonists also enhance morphine-induced catalepsy at the same doses that attenuate catalepsy induced by dopamine receptor antagonists (Schmidt and Bubser, 1989; Tzschentke and Schmidt, 1996; Yoshida et al., 1991).|||Classically, catalepsy is produced by dopamine receptor antagonists such as haloperidol (Kanes et al., 1993; Marchese et al., 2003), although drugs from other classes produce catalepsy as well.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D000109	Phenotype	4c51a0be-353e-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	9851579	Together, these results suggest that the indirect dopamine receptor agonist, methamphetamine, increases acetylcholine release in the striatum via a dopamine D1receptor of extra-striatal origin.|||In the present experiments, apomorphine, a direct dopamine receptor agonist, produced a significant decrease in striatal acetylcholine release.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0043084	Phenotype	84fe2e42-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00929-8	Similar results are found when penile erection is induced by dopamine receptor agonists, oxytocin and NMDA(Argiolas and Melis, 1995; Melis et al., 1996, 1997a,b)and penile erection occurs in physiological contexts (seeMelis et al., 1998, 1999aand references therein).|||A similar explanation was already given for the ability of dopamine receptor agonists, oxytocin and NMDA to induce penile erection when injected into the paraventricular nucleus(Melis et al., 1996, 1997a,b)and the ability of [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)2Orn8]vasotocin to prevent dopamine receptor agonist-, oxytocin-, NMDA- and NO donor-induced penile erection when injected i.c.v.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0010467	Phenotype	59de365e-3348-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	11102574	Furthermore, our findings extend those of previous reports in that we have shown that D2 dopamine receptor antagonist-mediated gene expression is differentially susceptible to NMDA receptor blockade depending on the dose of antagonist administered and the region of striatum examined (seeFig.|||In addition, NMDA receptor blockade attenuates D2 dopamine receptor antagonist-mediated immediate early gene expression[6,12,19,43].
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060291	Phenotype	9f58c79e-390b-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	25446753	Furthermore, genetic inactivation of D1R or the pharmacological blockade of D1/D5R dopamine receptors strongly impairs the early and late phases of LTP in rodent hippocampal slices and prevents the formation of long-term spatial and associative memories[18–27].|||Moreover, D1-class dopamine receptors may modulate the induction of late (>3h) and early LTP (1–3h).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	82cfa44a-5d14-11e7-af4d-001a4ae51247	PMC4427550	Psychostimulant induction ofc-fosand Fos in D1-type MSNs (Berretta et al., 1993; Bertran-Gonzalez et al., 2008) suggests a role for D1 dopamine receptor stimulation of the cAMP/PKA pathway inc-fospromoter activation.|||cAMP/PKA pathway inc-fospromoter activation in D1-type MSNs Psychostimulant induction ofc-fosand Fos in D1-type MSNs (Berretta et al., 1993; Bertran-Gonzalez et al., 2008) suggests a role for D1 dopamine receptor stimulation of the cAMP/PKA pathway inc-fospromoter activation.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	297e9bb4-f013-11ee-b22c-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00787-X	Unlike direct dopamine D2 receptor agonists(White 1996), indirect dopamine receptor agonists that increase extracellular dopamine levels by blocking the dopamine transporter typically suppress the firing of VTA dopamine neurons only partially, unless very high doses are give(Einhorn et al 1988; Hinerth et al 2000).|||Changes in dopamine neurons after repeated treatment with methylphenidate in adolescence might reveal a particularly susceptible time during development when repeated exposure to even low doses of stimulants is not without risk.Figure 4 Acute response to methylphenidate Unlike direct dopamine D2 receptor agonists(White 1996), indirect dopamine receptor agonists that increase extracellular dopamine levels by blocking the dopamine transporter typically suppress the firing of VTA dopamine neurons only partially, unless very high doses are give(Einhorn et al 1988; Hinerth et al 2000).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D012701	Phenotype	d2ed104e-3ab2-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9721020	Several microdialysis studies have also shown that dopamine receptor stimulation, with receptor agonists and/or endogenous dopamine, increased 5-HT efflux in forebrain areas such as frontal cortex (Petty et al., 1994), nucleus accumbens (Li et al., 1996a), corpus striatum (Martı́n-Ruiz et al., 1997), and hippocampus (Matsumoto et al., 1996).|||The stimulatory effect of dopamine on serotonergic transmission is supported by the ex vivo studies that reported increased 5-HT utilization and/or tissue content produced by dopamine receptor stimulation (Lee and Geyer, 1984;Lee, 1987).
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D007649	Phenotype	e828d2f8-04e1-11f0-9c9e-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.neuron.2024.06.026	We investigated whether dopamine receptors in the BLA mediate the therapeutic effects of ketamine with re-exposure in the SDS model.|||The therapeutic advantages of re-exposure with ketamine facilitated by a BLA D2R-dependent mechanism We investigated whether dopamine receptors in the BLA mediate the therapeutic effects of ketamine with re-exposure in the SDS model.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PKA	ProteinFamily	82cfa44a-5d14-11e7-af4d-001a4ae51247	PMC4427550	cAMP/PKA pathway inc-fospromoter activation in D1-type MSNs Psychostimulant induction ofc-fosand Fos in D1-type MSNs (Berretta et al., 1993; Bertran-Gonzalez et al., 2008) suggests a role for D1 dopamine receptor stimulation of the cAMP/PKA pathway inc-fospromoter activation.|||Psychostimulant induction ofc-fosand Fos in D1-type MSNs (Berretta et al., 1993; Bertran-Gonzalez et al., 2008) suggests a role for D1 dopamine receptor stimulation of the cAMP/PKA pathway inc-fospromoter activation.
4	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		FPLX:NOS	ProteinFamily	0fe91a4c-ca5d-11e5-9088-001a4ae51247	12738794	The delineation of the participatory proteins and pathways modulating D1 dopamine receptor-mediated induction of NOS and NO release may have some potential in the therapeutic prevention of striatal neurodegeneration.|||D1 Dopamine Receptors Increase NOS Expression—To define the mechanisms by which D1 receptors and dopamine increase production of NO, we measured the expression levels of the three NOS isozymes.
4		UNIPROT:P51811	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	b7beb992-0d25-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0166-4328(99)00064-9	Given the intricate anatomic organization of the NA, it is likely that the transitions in behavioral responding and NA cell firing are mediated by a more complex system involving perhaps other dopamine receptor subtypes (e.g.
4		CHEBI:26536	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	aa071556-bc44-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	PMC2704911	Interestingly, RA may also modulate the action of dopamine by regulating the D2 dopamine receptor.
4		UNIPROT:P03372	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	96cda128-861d-11f0-b8fe-0050569a1f61	PMC7979496	In the dorsal striatum, ERβactivation upregulates D2 dopamine receptors (Le Saux et al., 2006).
4		UNIPROTPRO:PRO:0000020495	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	294d7678-4559-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110531	They explained that oxytocin-expressing hypothalamic cells modulate dopamine receptors, and that levels of oxytocin and dopamine increase together, suggesting a shared role in the occurrence of mania-related symptoms such as euphoria and hypersexuality.
4		MESH:D000077152	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8ad92bf8-d51b-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.09.003	Patients with disabling chorea, particularly if associated with psychotic features, as in the case described above, or patients with Huntington’s chorea may benefit from dopamine receptor antagonists, such as olanzapine, sulpiride, quetiapine or risperidone.
4		MESH:D018967	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a8d575f6-bc44-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.09.005	The above observations are consistent with previous findings that prenatal exposure to dopamine receptor antagonist, such as haloperidol, sulpiride, risperidone, etc. reduced body weight in rats (Holson et al., 1994; Rosengarten and Quartermain, 2002; Williams et al., 1992).
4		MESH:D018967	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8ad92bf8-d51b-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.09.003	Patients with disabling chorea, particularly if associated with psychotic features, as in the case described above, or patients with Huntington’s chorea may benefit from dopamine receptor antagonists, such as olanzapine, sulpiride, quetiapine or risperidone.
4		MESH:D003024	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	7cf7ac78-3362-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9473144	The dopamine receptor antagonist clozapine had a modest preference for the dopamine D4receptor, as expected, whereas (−)-raclopride exhibited preferential binding to the dopamine D2sand D3receptors.
4		MESH:D003024	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5711037c-cbf1-11e5-b7d4-001a4ae51246	10063482	Both haloperidol and clozapine block postsynaptic dopamine receptors at therapeutic doses.
4		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	02186dd8-3747-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26382843	Possible side effects of levodopa are nausea, vomiting and constipation and may be treated with the peripheral dopamine receptor blocker domperidone 10 mg three times daily.
4		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0d87e9c0-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1474-4422(03)00307-7	Domperidone, which also blocks dopamine receptors but does not cross the blood–brain barrier, can be used safely in PD and improves both gastric emptying, measured objectively, and symptoms of gastroparesis in patients with PD.110Although domperidone is widely available worldwide, it is not approved for use in the USA.
4		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4204a02c-3348-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	11099718	We pretreated patients with the peripheral dopamine receptor blocker domperidone (Motilium®) (t.i.d.
4		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0f7ca3ea-bbd4-11e5-956b-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.09.034	Ovaprim (Syndel Laboratories Inc., Vancouver, Canada) is a liquid form preparation containing 20 µg of salmon GnRH analogue,d-Arg6,Pro9NET-sGnRH and 10 mg of dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone in 1 ml.
4		FPLX:CREB	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	0bebc64e-c46b-11e5-8491-001a4ae51247	PMC4188689	To investigate how CREB modulates the calcium signaling upon stimulation by dopamine, we assessed whether CREB could modulate the transcription of dopamine receptors.
4		UNIPROT:P01138	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	b55ab8f2-3746-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	26243714	Several possible mechanisms of dopamine resistance in prolactinomas have been proposed, including reduced density of D2 dopamine receptors, decreased number of nerve growth factor receptors, dysregulation of cell proliferation, and differentiation and alterations in intracellular signal transduction pathways[6,28,41].
4		MESH:D059348	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b83ac556-352c-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	27062944	Peripheral nerve injury has been shown to cause an increased dopamine receptor gene expression in the NAc with mechanical allodynia.
4		MESH:D015658	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c49dc4e6-1bd0-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.microb.2024.100052	HIV infection is also known to induce a decline in dopamine receptors through the impact of Tat and gp120.
4		MESH:D010868	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	213dde68-c46d-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	PMC4345166	Accordingly, dopamine receptor antagonists, such as haloperidol and pimozide, are highly effective in reducing tic severity (Bloch et al., 2011; Roessner et al., 2013), while dopaminergic agonists have been associated with an exacerbation of tics (Shale et al., 1986).
4		FPLX:PKA	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	51a01540-3c62-11f0-9ac3-0050569a1f61	PMC9386499	In this state, upon activation of Gs-coupled D1 dopamine receptor signaling, PKA activation may be prolonged, thereby contributing to synaptic plasticity and behavioral responses.
4		FPLX:Pertussis:toxin	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	2c70de5c-3ab3-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9716928	Activation of inhibitory G proteins, linked to D2receptors, also appears to be involved in the acute effects of cocaine since pertussis toxin, which inactivates inhibitory G proteins, produces a dopamine receptor antagonist-like effect on cocaine self-administration (Self et al., 1994).
4		UNIPROT:P23560	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	d5547052-04f9-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105842	Thus, by increasing D3 expression, BDNF would promote formation of dopamine receptor heterodimers, thus altering D1 receptor signaling cascade (Corsi et al., 2023).
4		MESH:D000242	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c2ffa876-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.08.026	Alternatively, it is also possible that the forskolin-induced cAMP elevation downregulated dopamine receptors.
4		MESH:D008787	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b5981122-3514-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26048068	Current first-line ED therapies typically include a dopamine receptor antagonist like prochlorperazine or metoclopramide, often combined with diphenhydramine.
4		MESH:D005475	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f76f3330-bc00-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.02.032	The finding ofLee et al (2004)that the dopamine receptor antagonist flupenthixol has no effect on yohimbine-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking in monkeys is, however, incompatible with the notion that dopamine is critically involved in yohimbine-induced reinstatement.
4		UNIPROT:P43146	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	661caa0e-3906-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	PMC5337141	Studies are currently ongoing to determine whether DCC contributes to the expression of striatal dopamine receptors in humans, and how this may affect cognitive function.
4		MESH:D018491	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2b1d4928-3545-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	16458973	What is apparent is that in generall-DOPA or dopamine agonist treatment causes dopamine receptor levels to normalise in the areas where pathology is most evident and where the receptor levels were altered before treatment.
4		UNIPROT:Q99743	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	e0c0e2c0-ee26-11e5-872c-001a4ae51246	PMC4315729	Thus, this suggests that not only is NPAS2 involved in the initial vulnerability for cocaine-induced responses but also that chronic cocaine can alter expression of NPAS2, leading to disrupted rhythms in dopamine receptor expression.
4		MESH:D014439	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c30a67ca-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	PMC1852429	Our finding that dopamine occluded inward current produced by tyramine also supports the conclusion that tyramine activates dopamine receptors.
4		UNIPROT:Q5JY77	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	288414bc-bbf3-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC3496082	Supporting the potential in vivo significance of this mechanism in neurons, genetic knockout of the originally identified GASP protein (GPRASP1) in mice blocked cocaine-induced downregulation of D2 dopamine receptors in the brain (Thompson et al., 2010).
4		MESH:D010546	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c1b4e42e-cc81-11e5-888a-001a4ae51246	9247267	Although the etiology of adenomyosis is unknown, in previous animal models, it has been associated with hyperprolactinemia produced by the dopamine receptor antagonists perphenazine, metoclopramide, or sulpiride (Singtripop et al. 1991), by ectopic pituitary grafts that isolate the pituitary from inhibitory dopamine input (Husby et al. 1985), or by prenatal exposure to diethylstilbesterol (Husby and Thurlow 1982).
4		CHEBI:73297	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	5986255c-353e-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	9871939	The suppressive effects of SKF 82958 on jaw movements were dose-dependently reversed by systemic pretreatment with the selective D1 dopamine receptor antagonist SCH 23390 (0.025–0.2mgkg−1i.p.
4		CHEBI:73297	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	cb5359f0-3388-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	24975422	To investigate the participation of dopamine D1and D2receptors in the observed phenotype of Prnp0/0mice, the dopamine receptor antagonists SCH-23390 (0.1mg/kg, i.p.
4		CHEBI:73297	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	859caa60-bc3e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.03.036	In the presence of the D1-type dopamine receptor antagonist SCH-23390 (2 μM), HFS also failed to induce significant LTP (pairedt-test,P=0.72).
4		MESH:D000855	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a6d0858a-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainres.2005.09.045	It is also the main site at which catecholamines act to produce anorexia[29], and PFH application of drugs that increase synaptic dopamine concentration produces a dopamine receptor-dependent suppression of NPY-elicited eating[19], suggesting that this area may be a key site for antagonistic interactions between dopamine and NPY in feeding control.
4		MESH:D001564	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5eaad2e2-1b25-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.xops.2024.100494	Clinical trials suggest that BP lowering can reduce the incidence of DRD and, at least in T2D, reduce its progression.
4		UNIPROT:Q9Y6J3	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	fb0a3c84-5cad-11e7-8b40-001a4ae51247	PMC4783284	At PND21, female offspring of low-LG rat dams are observed to have reductions in ERα and ERβ mRNA within the MPOA, reduced Lmx1b mRNA within the VTA, and reduced dopamine receptor expression in the nucleus accumbens (Pena et al., 2014, 2013).
4		UNIPROT:P62166	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	7166aec0-bbfc-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC3770182	NCS-1 has been shown to interact with and modulate the function of the D2 dopamine receptor[4].
4		MESH:D000639	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5ef6b63c-8694-11f0-b8fe-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104193	Dopamine receptor antagonists amitriptyline, metoclopramide, and SB-277,011-A were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, while fluphenazine, itopride, and SCH 23,390 were purchased from Tocris Bioscience, all designated to be ≥ 98% pure.
4		UNIPROT:P21917	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	bd9d28ea-bc4d-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.10.009	Omission of the dopamine D4receptor antibody prevented the dopamine receptor labeling without affecting c-Fos immunostaining, while omission of the c-Fos antibody prevented the IEG labeling without affecting D4dopamine receptor immunostaining (data not shown).
4		UNIPROT:Q9NYN1	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	7b18879a-3904-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	PMC5573184	The dopamine-induced suppression of mineralization markers was attenuated in the presence of RIS, consistent with antagonism of dopamine receptors by RIS.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	abbf6bc4-4523-11f0-8978-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105196	Future research should focus on the neuroanatomical basis of the relationship between dopamine and prolactin in naked mole-rats, together with the molecular biology of the D2 dopamine receptors that are normally stimulated by the dopamine agonists Bromocriptine and Cabergoline (Kvernmo et al., 2006), in particular those in the lactotrophic pituitary cells where dopamine inhibits the expression of the gene responsible for producing prolactin (Fitzgerald and Dinan, 2008;Freeman et al., 2000).
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c2ffa876-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.08.026	Thus, the suppression of the dopamine effect in the presence of forskolin is not due to desensitization of dopamine receptors caused by the prior dopamine application.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5b417abc-bbed-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.mcn.2005.01.003	While dopamine is known to trigger signaling also via adrenergic receptors as, e.g., recently reported for astrocytes (Facchinetti et al., 2004), we have evidence that dopamine activates distinct dopamine receptors in microglia: (1) We found PCR products for dopamine receptor D1- and D2-like in rat (D1, D2, D4, D5) and D1-like (D1and D5) in mouse microglia.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d0c94ad4-392d-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9548378	These authors suggested that AMPA- andtrans-ACPD-induced turning behavior depends on the stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors by dopamine released presynaptically.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	31f38ff0-3955-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	10443568	Dopamine depletion or blockade of dopamine receptors inhibits the motor activation caused by adenosine receptor antagonists, and adenosine receptor agonists inhibit and antagonists enhance the motor effects caused by dopamine agonists (Rimondini et al. 1997, 1998).
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	57382958-353e-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	9874095	The inhibition of cocaine-induced increase in dopamine levels raises the possibility of the involvement of dopamine receptors in addition to a direct effect on dopamine transporters in cocaine-induced effects.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	3110278c-866a-11f0-8978-0050569a1f61	PMC7908817	However, if dopamine tone is lost or decreased due to degeneration or dysfunction of dopaminergic axons, blocking dopamine receptors would be less effective at increasing evoked AMPAR current amplitude recorded from SPNs.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	83afd384-d9be-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00796-1	It is well established (Klawans and Rubovits, 1972;Sayers et al., 1975;Baldessarini, 1980) that chronic administration of dopamine antagonists results in upregulation of dopamine receptors.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b713144e-bbee-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02238-2	Recently, dopamine agonists have been reported to induce dopamine receptor desensitization in the rat striatum[31,32].
4		MESH:D004298	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	661caa0e-3906-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	PMC5337141	Since D1 receptor expression may depend on endogenous dopamine signaling early in life (Kostrzewa and Saleh, 1989), the low concentrations of extracellular dopamine in the mPFC characteristic of the C57BL6 mouse strain (Ventura et al., 2004) may attenuate dopamine receptor expression in the mPFC across postnatal lifespan.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	65ed6258-bc4e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.bbamcr.2007.06.007	In contrast, in AtT-20 cells stably expressing human D3 dopamine receptors (AtT-D3), dopamine induces tolerance with the magnitude of GIRK response progressively decreasing upon repeated dopamine application (Fig. 1B).
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	500c9ac2-3554-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10697073	The mechanism may involve increased extracellular concentrations of dopamine which may then activate dopamine receptors (Reynolds et al., 1998) and/or autooxidize forming oxyradicals (Cohen, 1987; Cohen and Heikkila, 1974).
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	fdcaab04-3757-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	27506997	The need for methamphetamine treatment to induce turning behavior indicates that the concentrations of dopamine in the interstitial fluid of GPe have to be increased to sufficiently activate a number of dopamine receptors before CB1R activation elicits a response.
4		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4bff8836-1afd-11f0-85c3-0050569a1f61	PMC9832179	Currently used antipsychotics are able to selectively alleviate dopamine related psychosis by blocking dopamine receptors in a subset of SCZ patients (Carlsson et al., 1957;van Rossum, 1966).
4		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	da1e2408-392b-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	9228415	This hypothesis is supported by in situ hybridization experiments showing that blockade of dopamine transmission during 2–3 weeks with haloperidol, a dopamine receptor antagonist, increased dopamine receptor mRNA in rat forebrain (Le Moine et al., 1990).
4		CHEBI:50114	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	8e5333c2-bc3e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00123-4	For instance estrogen can modulate brain dopamine receptor-gene transcription(Lammers et al., 1999; Lee and Mouradian, 1999), and has specific regional effects on 5HT functions in limbic regions through regulation of the 5HT1Agene(Osterlund and Hurd, 1998), whereas testosterone can renormalize stress-induced changes of limbic 5HT1Areceptors(Flugge et al., 1998).
4		CHEBI:6956	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	ad4cf042-e9e8-11ef-b5b7-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111215	An investigation revealed that sub-chronic administration of mitragynine (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) enhanced the expression of dopamine transporter (DAT) and dopamine receptor-regulating factor (DRRF) mRNA in rats, implicating a potential for behavioral plasticity in brain regions containing dopamine neurons (Hwang et al., 2001;Vaughan and Foster, 2013;Yusoff et al., 2022).
4		FPLX:G:protein	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	ab5c0744-3402-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	26320830	Furthermore, βArr2 deficiency also potentiated L-DOPA induced dyskinesia, which has been associated to G-protein mediated dopamine receptor signaling responses.
4		UNIPROT:P01270	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	d7bef72e-341b-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	10221542	OSF-2 cDNA had previously been identified as PTH-regulated in MC3T3-E1 cells.34 Northern blot hybridization demonstrated a weak but detectable ∼1.8 kb PTH downregulated mRNA transcript in SaoS-2/B10 RNA using DRD-derived G18 (∼280 bp) as a probe(Figure 1).
4		MESH:D007444	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	65b42cc4-1c1e-11f0-a2ca-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129067	Inulin supplementation reduced the expression of dopamine receptor D2, serotonin receptor 1B, and GPR43 in the hypothalamus of animals [177].
4		MESH:D000077408	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	db670baa-3402-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	26342627	For example, a modafinil CPP dosing regimen (3×125mg/kg) produced changes in DAT, dopamine receptor 1 (D1), and dopamine receptor 2 (D2) availability in a number of mesolimbic regions in male mice as measured following CPP testing.
4		MESH:D004329	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6821abda-c46c-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	24768803	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), the adenosine A2Areceptor antagonist 8-(3-chlorostyryl) caffeine, and the D2 dopamine receptor antagonist droperidol were purchased from Sigma.
4		MESH:D008024	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c876ee34-3385-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	26610415	By contrast, ligand-induced activation of dopamine receptor DRD2 was well observed in U2OS cells and primary neurons, but not in PC12 cells.
4		UNIPROT:P06744	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	7fdf150e-0d65-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00122-5	Furthermore, a reduced activation of striatal cells in the direct pathway further increases GPi activity by disinhibition (expression of substance P(SP) and D1 dopamine receptors decrease, whereas enkephalin (ENK) and D2 DA receptor expression increases in PD).
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8198d000-3514-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	26057949	Eight classes of hypothermia-inducing drugs have been used in ischemic stroke models, including cannabinoid (CB)1 receptor agonists such as WIN 55 and 212-2, opioid receptor agonists such as (d-Ala2,d-Leu5) enkephalin, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 agonists such as Rinvanil, neurotensin analogs such as acetyl-neurotensin-(8-13), thyroxine derivatives such as 3-iodothyronamine, dopamine receptor activators such as apomorphine, hypothermia-inducing gases such as helium, and adenosine and adenine nucleotides (Zhang et al., 2013; Deng et al., 2014).
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e70ed55c-bc07-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.parkreldis.2007.06.015	For example, a study conducted in MPTP-lesioned common marmosets that compared equieffective doses of levodopa, apomorphine and pergolide showed that apomorphine, which has similar pharmacokinetic characteristics to levodopa and a rapid onset of action, clearly induced pulsatile stimulation of dopamine receptors, but induced levels of dyskinesia significantly lower than those produced by levodopa and similar to those seen following pergolide treatment[67].
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6f5f6be2-c473-11e5-a92e-001a4ae51246	25698603	Thus, the three doses of apomorphine may induce a hyperstimulation of dopamine receptors in the denervated side, evoking ipsilateral turning in mice with an average TH+cell loss of 55–57%[46].
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c0162fae-bbe9-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC1993917	Apomorphine administration induces dose-dependent contralateral rotation linked to degeneration of dopamine terminals and compensatory upregulation of dopamine receptors[24,47].
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8e8c9570-3362-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	9443530	If the aversive effects of opioid withdrawal in the dependent state were mediated by an absolute decrease in dopamine receptor activation, then both amphetamine and apomorphine would have raised the dopamine receptor activity and decreased the avoidance of places associated with opioid withdrawal.
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4afe9a50-bc46-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.12.006	Apomorphine stimulates post synaptic dopamine receptors directly, preferentially on the 6-OHDA lesioned side, due to denervation-induced dopamine receptor super-sensitivity in animals with unilateral striatal dopamine depletion.
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	27a431d8-bc45-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0143-4179(02)00137-3	The behavioural effects of amphetamine (3 and 6mg/kg), increasing release of dopamine, and apomorphine, stimulating dopamine receptors, were studied in the separate groups of animals.
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f53c8920-0e7e-11f0-bb75-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00084-5	Since cortical pyramidal neurons (which are glutamatergic in nature, seeConti et al. 1987, Dori et al. 1989, Ottersen and Storm-Mathissen 1984) seem to contain dopamine receptors (Rétaux et al., 1991) and the effects of apomorphine on glutamate release were significantly attenuated by the blockade of dopamine receptors with haloperidol, the release of glutamate induced by apomorphine in the medial prefrontal cortex could be produced by a direct effect of apomorphine on dopamine receptors located on glutamate neurons.
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	913ba080-bc50-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.pbb.2005.03.012	Nonselective dopamine receptor activation Apomorphine, a dopamine D2-like receptor agonist produced a robust, reproducible emetic response in ferrets.
4		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	dfb2b17c-2c26-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S1569-9056(02)00113-6	Apomorphine The first effective and well-tolerated centrally acting therapy for ED, apomorphine augments neural proerectile signaling within the central nervous system, stimulating dopamine receptors in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.
4		MESH:D019257	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	bd227334-bc4d-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.05.030	Quinpirole and sarizotan elicited equivalent maximal functional response at human D3 and D4.4 dopamine receptors coupled to either adenylyl cyclase or GIRK channels, suggesting that sarizotan, like quinpirole, is a full agonist at D3 and D4.4 dopamine receptors (Tables 2 and 3).
4		CHEBI:8707	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	8ad92bf8-d51b-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.09.003	Patients with disabling chorea, particularly if associated with psychotic features, as in the case described above, or patients with Huntington’s chorea may benefit from dopamine receptor antagonists, such as olanzapine, sulpiride, quetiapine or risperidone.
4		MESH:D000077465	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	abbf6bc4-4523-11f0-8978-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105196	Future research should focus on the neuroanatomical basis of the relationship between dopamine and prolactin in naked mole-rats, together with the molecular biology of the D2 dopamine receptors that are normally stimulated by the dopamine agonists Bromocriptine and Cabergoline (Kvernmo et al., 2006), in particular those in the lactotrophic pituitary cells where dopamine inhibits the expression of the gene responsible for producing prolactin (Fitzgerald and Dinan, 2008;Freeman et al., 2000).
4		UNIPROT:Q9NZ94	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	7c7a565a-3a8e-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	28460365	In striatum, Nlgn3 deletion selectively impairs inhibitory synaptic transmission in D1 but not D2 dopamine receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons, while excitatory transmission is unaffected in the two cell types [40].
4		CHEBI:34603	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	db670baa-3402-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	26342627	For example, a modafinil CPP dosing regimen (3×125mg/kg) produced changes in DAT, dopamine receptor 1 (D1), and dopamine receptor 2 (D2) availability in a number of mesolimbic regions in male mice as measured following CPP testing.
4		UNIPROT:Q2KHM9	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	b540db00-5cbb-11e7-af4d-001a4ae51247	PMC4695240	First, in the DRD,DRV and MnR chronic CORT-treatment elevated the basal activity of TPH2 (Fig. 3panels A and B).
4		MESH:D004958	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0f8f4cfa-3555-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10372507	Oestradiol has been shown to modulate dopamine receptors.
4		MESH:D004958	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	96cda128-861d-11f0-b8fe-0050569a1f61	PMC7979496	Estradiol has been shown to rapidly enhance stimulated dopamine release and down-regulate D2 dopamine receptors in the dorsal striatumin vitroandin vivo(Shams et al., 2016,2018;Cummings et al., 2014;Becker and Ramirez, 1981b;Becker, 1990a,1990b;Bazzett and Becker, 1994).
4		UNIPROT:P29274	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	88a23d4a-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.03.021	In the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease, adenosine A2Areceptor antagonists increased turning behaviour induced byl-DOPA or by direct dopamine receptor agonists, showing antiparkinsonian effects (Fenu et al., 1997; Jenner, 2003; Jiang et al., 1993; Koga et al., 2000).
4		MESH:D000661	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8e8c9570-3362-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	9443530	If the aversive effects of opioid withdrawal in the dependent state were mediated by an absolute decrease in dopamine receptor activation, then both amphetamine and apomorphine would have raised the dopamine receptor activity and decreased the avoidance of places associated with opioid withdrawal.
4		MESH:D005476	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5e3a9ddc-052d-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.008	Moreover, TGM2i, but not the dopamine receptor antagonist fluphenazine, abolished the effect of dopamine on suppressing ferroptosis and upregulating GPX4 (Figures 2D and 2E).
4		MESH:D005476	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	95104f58-45e4-11f0-b8fe-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104584	Microinjections of the nonspecific dopamine receptor antagonist fluphenazine into the PL blocked cocaine- and footshock-induced reinstatement (McFarland et al., 2004; McFarland and Kalivas, 2001), and intracerebroventricular injections of ALLO decreased basal and stress-induced dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in males (Dazzi et al., 2002; Motzo et al., 1996).
4		UNIPROT:P14416	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	5e3a9ddc-052d-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.008	Luciferase reporter assay The activation of dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2) by DA or pro-DA was assessed by a pGL3-CRE-luciferase reporter system.
4		MESH:D011346	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b5981122-3514-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26048068	Current first-line ED therapies typically include a dopamine receptor antagonist like prochlorperazine or metoclopramide, often combined with diphenhydramine.
4		MESH:D011346	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	20be2ae8-f02d-11ee-8b99-0050569a1f61	10.1053/j.gastro.2003.09.040	There is some evidence to suggest that postprandial fullness and vomiting in patients with functional dyspepsia predicts the presence of delayed gastric empyting and potentially, a subset of patients more likely to respond to prokinetic therapy.27 For most patients, it is reasonable to begin therapy with a phenothiazine dopamine receptor antagonist such as prochlorperazine, given the breadth of clinical conditions for which these agents have efficacy (nausea/vomiting due to gastroenteritis, medications, abdominal irradiation, surgery, and toxins).
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f0835f3a-bc4e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC7479709	The combination of divalproex with the high-potency dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol has been linked to the development of encephalopathy.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c9057f34-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0028-3908(02)00097-7	As a first approach to test for this type of dynamic regulation of receptor coupling, we utilized the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol to induce a prolonged (16 h) Parkinsonian state, and tested for differences in group I mGlu pharmacology in the STN and SNr.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	32a9dde2-3783-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	11323182	This hypothesis could also explain the increase of dopamine concentration in the brain tissue following treatment with dopamine receptor antagonists such as haloperidol.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	1f1ec4b0-bc40-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.01.001	Apo,l-DOPA, and the nonselective dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol were dissolved in saline and perfused through a side arm directly into the aortic cannula by a syringe pump (Razel Scientific Instruments, Inc., Stamford, CT, USA).
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	40917afa-377e-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	10580843	Adrenergic and dopaminergic regulations were tested respectively with the β2-adrenergic receptor agonist metaproterenol (50 mg/kg; Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO) dissolved in saline–6% ascorbic acid and with the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (1 mg/kg; Research Biochemicals, Inc., Natick, MA) dissolved in 0.3% tartaric acid.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c646d9fa-bc2f-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01011-1	BHDP and the antipsychotic dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol, which is commonly used as a σ receptor ligand, were the most potent inhibitors of [3H]BHDP binding.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	587a22a6-3405-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	28624433	In accordance with this, a single dose of L-DOPA (100mg) increased performance in an instrumental learning task involving monetary gains (Pessiglione et al., 2006), where participants accrued a higher rate of large gains and of low losses than the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol-treated subjects.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2547e5c4-f1a2-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01463-4	Thus, theta peak frequency is increased by the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine, whereas it is shifted to lower frequencies by the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol(Yamamoto 1988).
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	ebc3c72e-392d-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	9512071	The direct dopamine agonist apomorphine (1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg), the indirect dopamine agonist amphetamine (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg), the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol (0.05–1.25 mg/kg), the D2antagonist sulpiride (4.0 and 8.0 mg/kg) did not increase the feeding in the open field (Table 1).
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	213dde68-c46d-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	PMC4345166	Accordingly, dopamine receptor antagonists, such as haloperidol and pimozide, are highly effective in reducing tic severity (Bloch et al., 2011; Roessner et al., 2013), while dopaminergic agonists have been associated with an exacerbation of tics (Shale et al., 1986).
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	7bebbcbe-377e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10594343	However, higher doses of haloperidol (2.5–10 mg/kg) significantly increased the tonic and reflex EMG activities(Lorenc-Koci et al., 1996)and at the same time completely blocked dopamine receptors.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a8d575f6-bc44-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.09.005	The above observations are consistent with previous findings that prenatal exposure to dopamine receptor antagonist, such as haloperidol, sulpiride, risperidone, etc. reduced body weight in rats (Holson et al., 1994; Rosengarten and Quartermain, 2002; Williams et al., 1992).
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8ca2f6fc-bbee-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0006-8993(03)03319-5	Some rats were also pre-treated with the non-selective dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (0.25 mg/kg, i.p.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5711037c-cbf1-11e5-b7d4-001a4ae51246	10063482	Both haloperidol and clozapine block postsynaptic dopamine receptors at therapeutic doses.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e3a59e28-3914-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	24513433	Briefly, catalepsy was induced by an intraperitoneal injection with the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol (0.3mg/kg body wt).
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	cf62affa-392d-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9548380	) of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (Fig. 4B).
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2067e660-3413-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	9692750	[24]Furthermore, systemic administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol increases, in the globus pallidus, the expression of glutamate decarboxylase (mol.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	da1d06b2-d470-11e5-90d3-001a4ae51247	PMC4331254	The nonselective dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol and the selective serotonin 5-HT2Areceptor antagonist MDL100907 ((R)-(2, 3-dimethoxyphenyl)-[1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl) ethyl]-4-piperidyl] methanol) were tested because BU224 enhances both dopamine and serotonin activity by inhibiting MAO (Hudson et al., 1999) which may contribute to its discriminative stimulus effects.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c0c8089e-bc13-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.05.003	Treatment for 14 days with a D2 receptor agonist increased GnRH mRNA expression in female and male rats by 32 and 67%, respectively, while the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol had the opposite effect.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	15f29974-3944-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	15737407	After dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons have been lesioned by 6-OHDA or reserpine, or when dopamine receptors are blocked by the D2antagonist haloperidol, an A2Aagonist potently induces Fos immunoreactivity in striatum (Morelli et al., 1994), raising the possibility that endogenous adenosine could play a role in the up-regulation of IEGs following dopamine depletion or blockade.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4f180fb8-3390-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	10670706	Treatment of sheep with the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol or the dopamine D2receptor agonist, known stimuli influencingα-MSH release, did not affect the levels of endothelin in the intermediate lobe (Mansour et al., 1997).
4		UNIPROT:P01178	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	226e1756-0556-11f0-bd9d-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109971	For evaluation of OT modulation of dopamine receptors, the OTR antagonist (OTR-A), L-369,899 (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK), was administered i.p.
4		UNIPROT:P42768	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	391ee434-340d-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	24380726	In healthy controls, THC administration increases dopamine receptor occupancy (Bossong et al., 2009), but as dopamine receptor availability is not compromised, there is room for a further increase in response to a monetary reward.
4		MESH:D003042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2c70de5c-3ab3-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9716928	Activation of inhibitory G proteins, linked to D2receptors, also appears to be involved in the acute effects of cocaine since pertussis toxin, which inactivates inhibitory G proteins, produces a dopamine receptor antagonist-like effect on cocaine self-administration (Self et al., 1994).
4		UNIPROT:Q01959	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	db039a80-91b3-11e7-97d2-001a4ae51247	17299411	The rationale for this experiment was that a reduced DAT activity should decrease postsynaptic dopamine receptor responsiveness, as seen in DAT-deficient mice.32,33,34Apomorphine induced a clear turning behavior in DJ-1-expressing mice towards the AAV-DJ-1-injected side (ipsilateral).
4		MESH:D001971	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	abbf6bc4-4523-11f0-8978-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105196	Future research should focus on the neuroanatomical basis of the relationship between dopamine and prolactin in naked mole-rats, together with the molecular biology of the D2 dopamine receptors that are normally stimulated by the dopamine agonists Bromocriptine and Cabergoline (Kvernmo et al., 2006), in particular those in the lactotrophic pituitary cells where dopamine inhibits the expression of the gene responsible for producing prolactin (Fitzgerald and Dinan, 2008;Freeman et al., 2000).
4		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0a95686a-392e-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	9063683	However, a significant effect was observed when the animals were pretreated with the dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride (F(2,47)=23.5,P<0.001) (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.
4		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8ad92bf8-d51b-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.09.003	Patients with disabling chorea, particularly if associated with psychotic features, as in the case described above, or patients with Huntington’s chorea may benefit from dopamine receptor antagonists, such as olanzapine, sulpiride, quetiapine or risperidone.
4		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f4c224ac-bbf2-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuron.2004.05.019	This pause was eliminated by the D2 dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride (50–150 nM;Figure 1C).
4		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	ad3300ee-5c36-11e7-8c5f-001a4ae51246	28109826	Administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride prior to treatment blocked the D4 effect on serum prolactin providing support for the conclusion that D4 has dopamine agonist-like effects on the pituitary in rats.
4		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	7d43ec38-bbe0-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.05.032	The muscarinic agonist oxotremorine (0.0316 and 0.316μM), the inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase physostigmine alone (1μM) or in combination with the muscarinic antagonist atropine (1μM), the dopamine uptake blocker nomifensine (0.1 and 1μM), the specific D2receptor agonist quinpirole (0.001, 0.0316, 0.1 and 0.316μM), and the dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride (0.1 and 1μM) were tested.
4		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	3ce5da02-c46e-11e5-85e4-001a4ae51246	PMC4139236	First we sought to investigate the influence of the extracellularly applied (Fig. 1B) dopamine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine on the firing rate of cultured mice midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the presence of dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride (5 μm), which isolate the excitatory effect of these DAT substrates.
4		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	9fc3aa02-c476-11e5-9da3-001a4ae51247	26111607	The dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride blocked the prolactin-lowering effect of D5.
4		UNIPROT:P01042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	5f6343cc-c46d-11e5-a92e-001a4ae51246	PMC4252357	This result suggests that BK channels mediating the effects of dopamine receptors are likely composed of the β4 auxiliary subunit.
4		MESH:D010300	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0d87e9c0-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1474-4422(03)00307-7	Drugs that block dopamine receptors accelerate gastric emptying, presumably via an effect on gastric dopamine receptors.109Metoclopramide hydrochloride speeds up gastric emptying but is contraindicated in PD because it readily gains access to the CNS and blocks striatal dopamine receptors, thus exacerbating parkinsonism.
4		UNIPROT:O00220	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	3a828fda-c708-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.jacep.2023.07.023	First, TGAC8 SAN cells showed a marked increase in dopamine receptor 4 (DR4) transcription levels (Figure 3D).
4		UNIPROT:Q68DA7	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	883a0cd0-0037-11f0-9c09-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.107239	With progressive neuronal loss, LD-buffering capacity diminishes, and troughs in plasma LD levels lead to troughs in striatal dopamine, causing pulsatile stimulation of post-synaptic dopamine receptors [4,5].
4		MESH:D000077152	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c477daea-0c7d-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00442-8	The more or less non-selective muscarinic receptor agonists oxotremorine and pilocarpine(Richards and Van Giersbergen, 1995; Schwarz et al., 1993)and the dopamine receptor antagonists olanzapine, clozapine, risperidone, fluphenazine and haloperidol(Bymaster et al., 1996; Roth et al., 1994; Schotte et al., 1996)induced similar dose-dependent decreases in rates of cocaine self-administration.|||In addition, the dopamine receptor antagonists olanzapine, clozapine, risperidone, fluphenazine and haloperidol were tested.
4		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	20505464-ab84-11e6-90f5-001a4ae51247	26477293	Experimental hyperprolactinemia Hyperprolactinemia was induced by the dopamine receptor blocker domperidone (Johnson & Johnson, Brazil).|||Hyperprolactinemia was induced by the dopamine receptor blocker domperidone (Johnson & Johnson, Brazil).
4		CHEBI:29035	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	d0566b24-5cb3-11e7-b441-001a4ae51247	PMC4724313	Mechanisms of Mn-associated neurotoxicity Mn exposure has been linked to alterations in neurotransmitter pathways like dopamine (Kern and Smith, 2011; Kim et al., 2002; Chen et al., 2006) and consequently the development of psychiatric disorders.Kern et al. (2010)have demonstrated that prenatal Mn exposure induces behavioral disinhibition and disrupts learning by altering the levels of dopamine receptors and transporters.Tran et al. (2002)showed a relationship between striatal dopamine and Mn exposure along with behavioral deficits in rats.|||Mn exposure has been linked to alterations in neurotransmitter pathways like dopamine (Kern and Smith, 2011; Kim et al., 2002; Chen et al., 2006) and consequently the development of psychiatric disorders.Kern et al. (2010)have demonstrated that prenatal Mn exposure induces behavioral disinhibition and disrupts learning by altering the levels of dopamine receptors and transporters.Tran et al. (2002)showed a relationship between striatal dopamine and Mn exposure along with behavioral deficits in rats.
4		MESH:D010868	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5be53268-1c39-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111540	In addition, the LHRHa and dopamine receptor antagonists pimozide, domperidone, and metoclopramide are known to induce the final maturation of oocytes and improve egg quality and ovulation, fertility, and hatching rates (Zohar and Mylonas, 2001).|||Therefore, dopamine receptor antagonists, such as pimozide and domperidone, are recognized as effective methods for inducing ovarian development, including final maturation and ovulation, in several fish species (Zohar and Mylonas, 2001).
4		UNIPROT:Q99743	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	e0c0e2c0-ee26-11e5-872c-001a4ae51246	PMC4315729	Npas2Knockdown in the NAc Prevents Diurnal Expression of theDrd3Receptor We next wanted to determine whether NPAS2 mediates the diurnal variation in dopamine receptor expression.|||We next wanted to determine whether NPAS2 mediates the diurnal variation in dopamine receptor expression.
4		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	587a22a6-3405-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	28624433	Dopamine agonists: bromocriptine, pramipexole, cabergoline Dopamine agonists activate dopamine receptors in the absence of its endogenous ligand and are commonly used to treat hypodopaminergic conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease (Stocchi et al., 2016).|||Dopamine agonists activate dopamine receptors in the absence of its endogenous ligand and are commonly used to treat hypodopaminergic conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease (Stocchi et al., 2016).
4		MESH:D000547	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b273e36e-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02961-X	Together, these results indicate that repetitive amantadine administrations induce a modification of dopamine receptor activity in the striatum that correlates with altered behavioural responses to dopamine stimulation.|||In conclusion, the present study indicates that repetitive administration of amantadine induces a transient modification of dopamine receptor function in the striatum that is correlated with altered behavioural responses to dopamine stimulation.
4		UNIPROT:Q9UQF0	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	8b3a0c5e-0501-11f0-baad-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.schres.2024.07.014	The same study showed that HERV-W env increases dopamine synthesis in dopaminergic neurons and upregulates dopamine receptor D2, which is a central receptor for most antipsychotic drugs (Stępnicki et al., 2018).|||In transfected human glioma cells, overexpression of HERV-W env protein upregulated dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) (Huang et al., 2011), which is an involved receptor in schizophrenia (Simpson et al., 2014).
4		MESH:D051379	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f58e7ad8-bbe4-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC1994967	Adult mice carrying double null mutations of RARβ, RXRβ, or RXRγ were previously found to exhibit impaired locomotion and reduced expression of dopamine receptors in the ventral and medial striatum, thus uncovering a potential late role for RA in the forebrain (Krezel et al., 1998).|||Adult mice carrying RA receptor mutations were previously reported to exhibit impaired locomotion and reduced expression of dopamine receptor D2 (Drd2) specifically in the ventral striatum, suggesting that the nucleus accumbens may be a target of RA action (Krezel et al., 1998).
4		CHEBI:28744	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	c166d2ae-341a-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	17306836	On the other hand, chronic ECS treatment has also been reported to increase the apomorphine-induced locomotor activity (Zarrindast et al., 2004) and post-synaptic dopaminergic activity, suggesting that ECS treatment induces enhanced activity in the dopamine receptor function (Gulati et al., 1987; Smith and Sharp, 1997; Zarrindast et al., 2004).|||Thus, it is suggested that ECS treatment induces enhanced activity in the dopamine receptor function, and the repeated ECS-induced changes are partly responsible for the decreases in immobility time after ECS treatment in the forced swim test and increases in locomotor activity in the open-field test.
4		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8e76749a-bc3e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00071-X	injection of haloperidol on extracellular dopamine in SN Systemic injection of the preferential D2 dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg; i.p.|||Traditional models of the basal ganglia(Albin et al., 1989; Alexander and Crutcher, 1990)predict that loss of dopamine transmission by lesion of the nigrostriatal dopamine system or blockade of dopamine receptors by haloperidol results in suppressed activity of pallidal neurons due to increased activity of inhibitory striatopallidal projections via the indirect pathway(Miller and DeLong, 1987; Gerfen et al., 1990; Robertson et al., 1992).
4		MESH:D007980	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	23d6b22e-374f-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	28041966	However, it was well established that L-DOPA treatment could caused the quantity change of dopamine receptors, including the increase of D1-like receptors and the decrease of D2-like receptors, in the researches of Parkinson's disease[19].|||The change of dopamine receptors induced by L-DOPA was congruous with its inhibiting effect on SM.
4		UNIPROT:Q16568	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	d9b3abae-3747-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	26771081	In this background, there is a strong possibility that CART might post-synaptically modulate the activity of dopamine receptors and exert its anti-Parkinson’s effect.|||CART is also known to modulate the dopamine receptors.
4		MESH:D000525	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6f1c742a-3769-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	9600648	Here, we found that alprazolam induced an increase in dopamine receptor density and also counteracted the stress-induced modification of dopamine receptors, thus indicating that the upregulation of dopamine receptors can play an important role in the action of benzodiazepines.|||Chronic treatment with alprazolam upregulates dopamine receptors and this could lead to a lower sensitivity to dopamine activation during stress.
3	DRD	FPLX:DRD	dephosphorylatesProtein		UNIPROT:P51811	Protein	f13d362c-bbf8-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC2692732	This idea is consistent with the finding that dopamine receptor antagonists, particularly D1 receptor antagonist, attenuate DARPP-32 phosphorylation, Na,K ATPase phosphorylation, and NR1Ser-897phosphorylation and protect against striatal neuron degeneration in HI piglets (Yang et al., 2007).
3	DRD	FPLX:DRD	dephosphorylatesProtein		UNIPROT:Q9UD71	Protein	f13d362c-bbf8-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC2692732	This idea is consistent with the finding that dopamine receptor antagonists, particularly D1 receptor antagonist, attenuate DARPP-32 phosphorylation, Na,K ATPase phosphorylation, and NR1Ser-897phosphorylation and protect against striatal neuron degeneration in HI piglets (Yang et al., 2007).
3	DRD	FPLX:DRD	dephosphorylatesProtein		PF:PF06745	ProteinFamily	f13d362c-bbf8-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC2692732	This idea is consistent with the finding that dopamine receptor antagonists, particularly D1 receptor antagonist, attenuate DARPP-32 phosphorylation, Na,K ATPase phosphorylation, and NR1Ser-897phosphorylation and protect against striatal neuron degeneration in HI piglets (Yang et al., 2007).
3		UNIPROT:P25098	phosphorylatesProtein	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	691d4b00-c478-11e5-9cc6-001a4ae51246	21303898	GRK2 is widely expressed in the brain, including primary dopaminergic areas (Arriza et al., 1992) and can phosphorylate and regulate D1, D2, and D3 dopamine receptors in in vitro cellular systems (Tiberi et al., 1996;Iwata et al., 1999;Kim et al., 2001;Kabbani et al., 2002;Sedaghat et al., 2006;Banday et al., 2007).
3		MESH:D001058	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e72d6248-ca02-11e5-be63-001a4ae51246	21676789	"At first, these results might seem confusing because seemingly opposing treatments (apomorphine stimulates dopamine receptors
                      and SCH 23390 and raclopride block dopamine receptors) both reduced wheel running in High-Runner and Control mice."
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROTPRO:PRO:0000020495	Protein	bb409dd4-392d-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	9551709	More precisely, it was suggested that dopamine receptor agonists induce yawning by stimulating dopamine D2receptors located in the cell bodies of oxytocinergic neurons projecting to extra-hypothalamic brain areas, thereby releasing oxytocin in brain areas distant from the paraventricular nucleus (for a review of central oxytocinergic projections seeArgiolas and Gessa, 1991).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROTPRO:PRO:0000020495	Protein	c829e032-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.05.015	Indeed, oxytocin injected into the hippocampus facilitates penile erection (Melis et al., 1986); apomorphine, a classical dopamine receptor agonist, which induces penile erection by activating oxytocinergic neurons in the PVN, increases oxytocin content in the hippocampus when given at doses that induce penile erection (Melis et al., 1990); and lesions of the medial septum, which decrease oxytocin content in the hippocampus, reduce penile erection induced by this dopamine receptor agonist (Melis et al., 1992).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P30793	Protein	036da0e4-8a67-11ee-add2-0050569a791b	10.1007/s10048-022-00688-3	DRD is caused by heterozygous mutations in the GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) gene, on chromosome 14q.22.1-q22.2, encoding the enzyme GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH1).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P09038	Protein	78354ce0-3777-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	15967670	We recently demonstrated that stimulation of dopamine receptors enhances FGF-2 expression in prefrontal cortex and striatum (Fumagalli et al., 2003; Roceri et al., 2001).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P09038	Protein	1df16722-c470-11e5-9cc6-001a4ae51246	19196427	In our previous report (Liet al.2006), we showed that APO-induced activation of dopamine receptors modulates FGF-2 biosynthesis and release of FGF-2 via cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) and MEK/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling cascades in rat striatal astrocytes, therefore promoting the survival of dopaminergic neurons.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:Q6W0C5	Protein	fbc67064-bbf2-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuron.2007.03.021	This extends previous findings which have shown that nonselective blockade of NAc dopamine receptors impairs ICSS (Stellar and Corbett, 1989; Wise, 1996), whereas activating intra-NAc D1 receptors augments this behavior (Singh et al., 1997).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P14136	Protein	a4447a8e-f58b-11eb-8c3d-001a4a160175	30922767	Effect of dopamine receptor antagonists on MPA-induced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-labeled astrogliosis in the striatum of mice Although reactive astrocytes are, in part, considered as a detrimental factor for neuronal function, compelling evidence suggested that reactive astrocytes may have beneficial effects and promote neuronal survival [47,48].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:O15516	Protein	8e45e0e8-bc50-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0091-3057(03)00036-4	If blockade of dopamine receptors slows clock speed, as previous single-interval studies suggest, then drug administration will cause proportional overestimation of the long and short intervals.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:Q99259	Protein	68fd29ce-0eb5-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00112-5	However, a recent study has shown that the administration of D1 dopamine receptor agonists to adult rats induces an increase in striatal GAD65 but not GAD67 mRNA levels[32].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P27918	Protein	54365f24-5cde-11e7-86a3-001a4ae51246	PMC4644517	In addition, chronic ethanol exposure alters dopamine receptor signaling in the ventromedial PFC (Trantham-Davidson et al., 2014) such that D2/D4 (but not D1) signaling is impaired.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P27918	Protein	3d40efc6-341c-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10392833	The systemic administration ofN-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate antagonists impairs performance in tasks requiring spatial working memory in rats51,56and humans.15,28A number of studies indicate that dopamine and glutamate interact in the PFC (for review see Ref.34), and dopamine receptor antagonists block the capacity of NMDA glutamate antagonists to inhibit spatial working memory.51Glutamate innervation of the PFC arises from many sources.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	deubiquitinatesProtein		UNIPROT:Q96Q83	Protein	b2b1a3be-37f6-11e6-8a17-001a4ae51247	PMC4475402	Indeed, expression of the DRD in OTUD4‐deficient cells appeared to reduce ALKBH3 ubiquitination similar to full‐length OTUD4 (Fig5G).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:Q9H2B2	Protein	9290913a-bc45-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0169-328X(02)00518-1	Apparently, activation of the dopamine receptor D-1 modulates expression of syt IV, but in the opposite direction as MDMA.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P35228	Protein	0fe91a4c-ca5d-11e5-9088-001a4ae51247	12738794	Although the precise mechanism by which D1 dopamine receptors stimulate iNOS transcription remains to be elucidated, our findings with the various kinase inhibitors suggests that one or more of the signaling intermediates activated by these receptors may be involved.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P35228	Protein	0fe91a4c-ca5d-11e5-9088-001a4ae51247	12738794	In the presence of 1400W (1 μm), SKF R-38393-evoked response was significantly (p< 0.05) reduced by ∼60%, suggesting that in these cells stimulation of D1 dopamine receptors primarily activates iNOS.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P42574	Protein	46a7c8fa-bc46-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-4886(03)00026-8	In addition, our study demonstrates that D1 dopamine receptor blockade prevents a significant proportion of caspase-3 expression resulting from cocaine or asphyxia.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	dephosphorylatesProtein		UNIPROT:P49841	Protein	95221d00-bc2d-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC3304298	Dopamine receptor antagonists as well as chemicals enhancing serotonergic transmission have been found to increase the expression and inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK-3β and activation of AKT in the mouse brain (Li et al.,2004,2007).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P39905	Protein	5140cc40-390c-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	25101543	Dopamine receptors activation increased GDNF levels in experimental stroke as well[12].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P45983	Protein	62513ab0-ca00-11e5-ab20-001a4ae51246	15247297	The D1 dopamine receptors activate p-ERK1/2, whereas the oxidative pathway predominantly activates p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P00915	Protein	005d3082-3404-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26478469	It was indicated that hippocampus may mediate the rewarding effects of morphine by D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in CA1 region (Esmaeili et al., 2012).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P23560	Protein	1c0d57ae-c46b-11e5-9da3-001a4ae51247	25159716	Previous reports have shown that blockade of dopamine receptors (predominantly DR2) via 3 days of treatment with haloperidol down-regulates BDNF protein expression in the prefrontal cortex, confirming a positive correlation between DR2 activation and BDNF expression[55].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		UNIPROT:P00797	Protein	cf223086-0d80-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00121-1	This would suggest that dopamine may have a role as a paracrine regulator of renal microcirculation probably, as proposed byLee (1993), through activation of dopamine receptors on the macula densa inhibiting renin release from the juxtaglomerular apparatus and promoting a decrease in the tubuloglomerular feedback (Schnermann et al., 1990).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P98161	Protein	859b5326-c8e7-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC2427157	The D2 dopamine receptor was down-regulated in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas, and, furthermore, down-regulation of the D2 dopamine receptor in aldosterone-producing adenomas increased PKD1 activity and led to overproduction of aldosterone in affected patients (27).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P0AA22	Protein	2796d2a2-3526-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	23912068	An alternative hypothesis may be that the finding of abnormally increased EBR in the MCI group, results from dopamine receptor up-regulation due to early compensatory mechanisms.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P01133	Protein	c07324f6-c478-11e5-85e4-001a4ae51246	21534959	Dopamine receptor stimulation triggers EGF release To identify the dopamine receptor subtype(s) triggering EGF release, we treated neuron-enriched striatal cultures with a dopamine D1-like receptor agonist (SKF38393) and a D2-like receptor agonist (quinpirole) (Fig. 2a).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P01100	Protein	bd9d28ea-bc4d-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.10.009	Studies investigating c-Fos expression produced by dopamine receptor agonists (Wirtshafter, 2000) and antagonists (Nguyen et al., 1992) have revealed distinct anatomical patterns of Fos expression in the CNS, providing potential insight into the therapeutic and/or liability mechanisms of action of dopaminergic drugs.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P12821	Protein	3a6d1d4a-3513-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	26302059	It could be concluded that ACE inhibition by ramipril and dopamine receptor blockade by haloperidol may offer promising lines for treatment of RA.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:Q05639	Protein	49341ec4-bc42-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC2987554	Functional studies Early studies of dopamine receptor activation in the STN suggested that dopamine receptor activation in the STN may act to decrease STN neuronal activity.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:Q05639	Protein	a4616d7c-bc4e-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.conb.2006.10.003	Dopamine receptor antagonism or dopamine depletion modulates the response of the STN to cortical and GPe input.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P01236	Protein	9df07444-1af2-11f0-aa93-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107112	Dopamine released in the hypothalamic-pituitary circuit inhibits prolactin production, therefore, blocking type 2 dopamine receptors can increase prolactin levels.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:P01236	Protein	50621940-3750-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	23260856	The polymorphism of the dopamine receptor could decrease inhibition of prolactin production, ultimately resulting in the elevation of prolactin levels.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		UNIPROT:P01236	Protein	4fecaeec-c481-11e5-8491-001a4ae51247	22589417	Yet, recent evidence challenges this assumption, since human adipocytes express functional dopamine receptors, whose stimulation inhibits PRL gene expression and PRL release by adipocytes (2).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P01236	Protein	85fa814c-5c8f-11e7-9833-001a4ae51246	26979776	Dopamine receptor antagonists increase serum PRL levels, and both PRL and dopamine receptors might be involved in the modulation of macrophage activity, providing a means of communication between the nervous and immune systems[8,9]Macrophages during a second pregnancy become more sensitive to the phagocytotic effects of prolactin.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P42858	Protein	9448f00e-390b-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	25449908	In contrast, treatment with dopamine receptor antagonists and agents that decrease dopamine reduces chorea and motor symptoms in HD patients and animal models (Choi et al., 2014; Mestre et al., 2009; Scott, 2011; Tang et al., 2007).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P30990	Protein	2c05881c-338a-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	8810875	A single, high-dose injection of haloperidol decreased striatal neurotensin metabolism (after 12–24 h) as reflected by reductions in the accumulation of neurotensin 1–8 and neurotensin 9–13, whereas acute administration of the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine increased neurotensin metabolism[9].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		UNIPROT:P30990	Protein	95aa7890-bc4a-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.08.036	Such studies demonstrated that changes in dopamine receptor activity caused by either selective direct dopamine D1 receptor agonists or indirect agonists such as methamphetamine significantly increase the expression of striatal neurotensin mRNA (Hanson and Keefe, 1999; Castel et al., 1994a; Merchant et al., 1994).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:D6RGH6	Protein	2796d2a2-3526-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	23912068	An alternative hypothesis may be that the finding of abnormally increased EBR in the MCI group, results from dopamine receptor up-regulation due to early compensatory mechanisms.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:P14416	Protein	bb4dc51a-bbfb-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.12.008	Down-regulated dysbindin, which leads to BLOC-1 deficiency and therefore decreased endosomal–lysosomal activity, blocked dopamine-induced dopamine receptor D2(DRD2) internalization, increased cell surface DRD2 and enhanced the strength of DRD2 signaling in human neuroblastoma cells and in rat primary cortical neurons (Iizuka et al., 2007).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		UNIPROT:Q08828	Protein	625b48b6-bbdc-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC4562568	D1-class dopamine receptors (D1R and D5R) couple with G proteins and induce AC to generate cAMP and activate PKA.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		UNIPROT:A0LU49	Protein	b9fcd72a-bbdb-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.yfrne.2005.10.002	Maternal responsivity in the rat is associated with the activation of nucleus accumbens (nAcc) neurons[56,111]and dopamine receptor antagonists infused into the nAcc significantly reduce the frequency of pup licking/grooming in lactating rats[91].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:49168	Chemical	5b4d8eac-3aa7-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	27653855	Mutations inGCH1are also one of the most important cause of DOPA-responsive dystonia (DRD)[19].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:6539	Chemical	979e3524-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.07.025	For example, dopamine receptor agonists were able to potentiate the lorazepam withdrawal signs in rats (Nath et al., 2000), the stimulation of histamine receptors intensified the lorazepam withdrawal signs, and the blockade of these receptors induced the opposite effects (Nath and Gupta, 2001).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:29103	Chemical	8c1a46c8-bc2e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.tins.2004.06.007	Kir2.1–Kir2.3 (IRK1–IRK3) channel subunits form another class of inwardly rectifying K+channels that might be activated by D1 dopamine receptors in striatal neurons[29].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:49713	Chemical	44459d50-0d4d-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0165-1781(99)00056-6	Lithium efficacy in controlling behaviors related to dopamine stimulants (van Kammen et al., 1985; Barnes et al., 1986) and manic states (Goodwin and Jamison, 1990) suggested that lithium’s action may be mediated by dopamine receptors (Gottberg et al., 1988, 1989; Post and Weiss, 1995; Richelson, 1995; Acquas and Fibiger, 1996; Dziedzicka-Wasylewska et al., 1996; Carli et al., 1997).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		PUBCHEM:44257	Chemical	8a13216a-bc2e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.tins.2013.09.003	All three DRD genes participate in DA biosynthesis (Figure 1A):GCH1andSPRact sequentially to synthesize tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), and BH4is subsequently required forTHto synthesize L-DOPA from tyrosine[18,20].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		CHEBI:2700	Chemical	3f98c9a8-0cc6-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0090-6980(00)00055-1	In this regard, the observation that anandamide release can be induced by pharmacological activation of the D2 class of dopamine receptors in freely moving animals[23]suggests that endogenous cannabinoids may represent a primary component of the network of neurochemicals modulating striatal function.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		PUBCHEM:24316	Chemical	5c9f3f6c-bbd8-11e5-956b-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.12.004	In line with our findings in CSF, the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine and the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol were shown to respectively increase and decrease the cGMP content of cerebellar cortex tissue of rats[4].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:29108	Chemical	ac54e9b8-340c-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	24680724	On the post-synaptic side glutamate receptors as well as some dopamine receptors cause an increase in intracellular calcium concentrations upon stimulation (Hou et al., 2001).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:34603	Chemical	8ec42c8a-340a-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	27374160	Therefore, in this study, an attempt was made to determine the role of D1- and D2-like dopamine receptors in the CA1 region of the HIP in the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced CPP.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:34603	Chemical	75563654-ab7a-11e6-9ac8-001a4ae51246	PMC4752429	Microinjection of a dopamine receptor antagonist, α-flupenthixol, into the NAc prevented pain relief-induced CPP[68].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		CHEBI:34603	Chemical	75563654-ab7a-11e6-9ac8-001a4ae51246	PMC4752429	Microinjection of a dopamine receptor antagonist, α-flupenthixol, into the NAc prevented pain relief-induced CPP[68].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:34603	Chemical	92d96512-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00968-1	This suggests that dopamine receptor activation may be necessary for T's effects on CPP through actions in the NA.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:38876	Chemical	74125d7c-c8e5-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC2709075	A potential mechanism by which dopamine receptors negatively modulate voltage-dependent calcium channels with subsequent inhibition of NPY-ir release may be through a PTX-sensitive mediated pathway utilizing a specific Gαi/osubtype.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		CHEBI:36796	Chemical	89934780-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.062	In summary, the present results clearly show that dopamine receptor agonism can enhance duloxetine-mediated antinociception in a rat model of injury-induced central sensitization.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0007269	Phenotype	9af0d8dc-bc3e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0306-4522(01)00614-5	A second mechanism at the level of the nerve terminals involves a modulatory function that can regulate the effectiveness of terminal D2-type dopamine receptors that normally inhibit neurotransmitter release from dopaminergic neurones (Fig. 4).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0001661	Phenotype	34a49b9e-3780-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10456564	Thus, future studies should address the role of these dopamine receptor types (D3, D4) on the acquisition of ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversion.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007612	Phenotype	67cc77ee-c46e-11e5-9cc6-001a4ae51246	PMC4064368	Pulsatile changes in extracellular dopamine, such as the dynamics exhibited by dopamine transients, are thought to be crucial for synaptic plasticity mediated by D1 dopamine receptors during reward learning[16,17].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007612	Phenotype	2d4594be-c746-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.cois.2023.101104	They also provide evidence that learning and state-dependent modulations can be mediated by different signaling pathways downstream of the same dopamine receptor.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007612	Phenotype	51899df8-3362-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	9423956	A second study found this effect ofd-amphetamine to be dependent upon the D3 dopamine receptor subtype.33Hitchcott, P. K.; Phillips, G. D. Enhanced stimulus–reward learning by intra-amygdala administration of a D3 dopamine receptor agonist.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	35711926-3555-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10720636	To complement these behavioural studies, dopamine D1and dopamine D2receptor expression levels in the striatum — a brain structure thought to be intimately involved in catalepsy produced by dopamine receptor antagonists(Costall et al., 1972)— were assessed by means of radioligand membrane binding.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	f4202f86-392b-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	9286616	The ability of NMDA receptor antagonists to overcome the hypolocomotion (Hauber and Schmidt, 1990), catalepsy (Elliott et al., 1990;Verma and Kulkarni, 1992;Papa et al., 1993) or muscular rigidity (Ellenbroek et al., 1985) induced by dopamine receptor blockers, is frequently used to assess their anti-Parkinsonian potential.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	75ad3b0e-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.08.092	Dopamine receptor antagonists, administered acutely, produce catalepsy and administered long-term, produce tardive dyskinesia which often takes the form of purposeless chewing, known as vacuous chewing movements (Waddington, 1990).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	6ba553ce-353f-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	9407998	It has been suggested that theophylline reduces the catalepsy induced by dopamine receptor antagonists (Duk et al., 1991).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	45c00f9c-bbfb-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0924-977X(03)00004-X	In agreement with the present results, it has been shown that clozapine can block catalepsy induced by the unselective dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (Murphy and Feldon, 2000) and the selective dopamine D2/3receptor antagonist loxapine (Kalkman et al., 1997).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	8d80315a-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.101	In keeping with this hypothesis is that stimulation of CB1receptors increased catalepsy produced by administration of dopamine receptor antagonists(Anderson et al., 1996)and reduced the anti-Parkinson-like actions of dopamine D2receptor agonists(Maneuf et al., 1997).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	08ae8be2-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.yhbeh.2005.05.001	In addition to the possible effects on striatum-sensitive learning, antagonism of dopamine receptors produces catalepsy in rats (Hauber et al., 2001).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002375	Phenotype	b3404c64-390b-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	25449634	The results showed that PCB52 affected brainstem auditory evoked potentials more than PCB180 (Lilienthal et al., 2011), but effects on catalepsy induced by the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol were more pronounced after developmental PCB180, compared with PCB52 (Lilienthal et al., 2014).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009020	Phenotype	005d3082-3404-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26478469	It was indicated that hippocampus may mediate the rewarding effects of morphine by D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in CA1 region (Esmaeili et al., 2012).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009020	Phenotype	bb409dd4-392d-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	9551709	Opioid receptor stimulation may prevent the yawning induced by dopamine receptor agonists, oxytocin and NMDA, through a mechanism related to a concomitant decrease in the production of nitric oxide induced by the above compounds, in analogy to morphine-induced prevention of yawning.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009020	Phenotype	d4ef5fa6-45a3-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.jpain.2021.11.009	Studies have shown that the analgesic effects of morphine can be abolished by blocking dopamine receptors in the NAc.20These studies suggest that the reduction in DA in the striatum in a subset of rodents after SCI may underlie the loss of morphine efficacy in those animals.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009020	Phenotype	9ae2ae72-bc4a-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02149-0	Effect of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists on expression of naloxone-induced jumping behaviour and diarrhoea in morphine-dependent mice The dose–response curve for the dopamine receptor agonist, apomorphine, on the expression of naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhoea is shown inFig.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009020	Phenotype	90bd0b4a-bc54-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.jneuroim.2005.11.009	Taken together with evidence that morphine preferentially increases extracellular dopamine in the shell of the nucleus accumbens (Pontieri et al., 1995), the analysis of c-Fos expression suggests that the dopamine receptors mediating morphine's effect in the present study may be located within the shell.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D013395	Phenotype	eba4c508-8610-11f0-8978-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.scienta.2021.109903	The expression of the human dopamine receptor (HD1) in potato has been reported to decrease starch content and increase soluble sucrose concentration due to the declaration of sucrose synthase (SuSy) and ADP-glucose phosphorylase (AGPase) (Skirycz et al., 2005).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0030073	Phenotype	1340717a-c7a9-11ee-9aaa-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125703	In addition, the antagonist of dopamine receptors always induces the increase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [51].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	86e8eef8-3390-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	10880698	It is known that dopamine receptor antagonists, such as the phenothiazines(26)and pimozide(1), can potentiate the sedative-hypnotic effects of ethanol.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	95dffcbc-341c-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10415386	Moreover, systemic or intra-nucleus accumbens administration of dopamine receptor antagonists reduces ethanol intake and the reinforcing effect of ethanol[11, 20, 32, 43–45, 47, 51].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	7aac2668-376a-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	9726645	While studies supporting the notion that dopamine plays a role in reward-related processes are well-documented, the relative contributions of different dopamine receptor subtypes in mediating the rewarding properties of ethanol are still controversial.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	21d5e76e-3390-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10680718	In a continuous access paradigm, administration of dopamine receptor agonists of the D1(SKF-38393) and the D2(bromocriptine) type diminished drinking of alcohol in rats and mice(Ng & George, 1994; Silvestre et al., 1996; Stanishevskaia et al., 1985).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000431	Phenotype	36266c96-aba3-11e6-90f5-001a4ae51247	PMC4554881	Interestingly, microinjection of SKF-38393 into nucleus accumbens did not affect responding for ethanol (Hodge et al., 1997), while the broad dopamine receptor blocker fluphenazine attenuated the development of intracerebral ethanol-conditioned place-preference (Walker & Ettenberg, 2007).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D000109	Phenotype	bbc2db3c-bbee-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03248-1	In fact, NMDA receptor blockade by MK-801 (decreased NO production) reduces basal acetylcholine release and prevents dopamine receptor-dependent stimulation of acetylcholine release[6].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D000109	Phenotype	7b4a7d68-3959-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	11032987	In fact, there is an interesting report that NMDA receptor blockade by MK-801 reduces basal acetylcholine release and prevents dopamine receptor-dependent stimulation of acetylcholine release[6].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000109	Phenotype	8aeacaec-0ce3-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0742-8413(99)00111-5	There is evidence that acetylcholine transmission can be modulated by stimulation of dopamine receptors in the dorsal striatum.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0035483	Phenotype	7a927782-3403-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	26915803	Serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine receptors affect gastric emptying and are suggested to mediate delayed gastric emptying in FD patients[6,7].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D013119	Phenotype	4314dd68-3363-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	16399154	Relevant clinical conditions include spinal cord injury, in which damage towards the head at the sacral level results in bladder overactivity (with hyperactive voiding occurring secondary to spinal micturition reflexes) and increased mechanosensitivity to C fibres.22Detrusor overactivity in other neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease could be mediated by alternations in dopamine receptors that increase excitation and lower the threshold for micturition.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0043084	Phenotype	489db8b8-bc0f-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.10.014	Here the activation of dopamine receptors leads to the activation of incerto-hypothalamic dopaminergic neurons, releasing dopamine in the paraventricular nucleus, thereby activating oxytocinergic neurons projecting to the spinal cord and mediating penile erection (see above andMelis et al., 2007, 2009a; Succu et al., 2008).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0043084	Phenotype	059cdb14-d9db-11ee-8b99-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00626-8	The validity of this hypothesis was supported by results of in vivo microdialysis studies showing that dopamine receptor agonists, oxytocin and NMDA, when given at doses that induce penile erection and yawning, increase NO production in the paraventricular dialysate obtained from male rats (Melis et al. 1996, 1997a, b).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0043084	Phenotype	8ce5f62c-0d07-11f0-a2ca-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0149-7634(99)00068-8	For instance, oxytocin receptor antagonists, which prevent penile erection induced by dopamine receptor agonists, excitatory amino acids and nitric oxide donors[101,103,104], also prevent the improvement of copulatory behaviour induced in male rats by the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine[105].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0043084	Phenotype	8a7d2da0-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02881-9	The ability of dopamine receptor agonists to elicit penile erection has been described since 1975(Baraldi and Benassi-Benelli, 1975)and successively confirmed by a number of studies (seeMelis and Argiolas., 1999).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0043084	Phenotype	8e415ece-bc50-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.pbb.2003.09.012	Similar results are found when penile erection is induced by dopamine receptor agonists, oxytocin and NMDA(Argiolas and Melis, 1995; Melis et al., 1996, 1997a,b)and when penile erection occurs in physiological contexts (seeMelis et al., 1998, 1999a,b, and references therein).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0043084	Phenotype	6e5828e2-3555-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10715564	For instance, also oxytocin, dopamine receptor agonists and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) induce yawning and penile erection when injected into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, however these responses start usually in 5–7 min after treatment and last for 45–60 min (for a review see[3,4]).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:1990708	Phenotype	efbb4546-392d-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9518570	Finally, the direct D-1 dopamine receptor agonist SKF 38393 induced a conditioned place preference after bilateral injection into the nucleus accumbens[65].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0042711	Phenotype	93de4d9c-bc50-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00941-3	In summary, the present findings have demonstrated that (1) both D1- and D2-like receptor activation is necessary for the coordinated expression of maternal behavior immediately postpartum; (2) disruption of maternal behavior during the initial postpartum interaction with pups does not result in delayed responding to pups when tested 7 days later; and (3) antagonism of D2-like, but not D1-like, dopamine receptors around the time of parturition disrupts the retention of maternal behavior when tested 7 days later.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D011595	Phenotype	0038772a-bc55-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.sleep.2013.05.017	Interestingly, dopamine receptor–blocking agents used to treat symptoms of chronic headache increased the likelihood of development of drug-induced akathisia (motor restlessness) in patients with RLS compared to those without RLS[27].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0010467	Phenotype	c2074d34-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.07.001	It is known that dopamine receptor activation mediates gene expression that plays an important role for LTP maintenance.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0006351	Phenotype	3cd87bf8-cb28-11e5-a6cd-001a4ae51247	11700319	First, this synthetic dopamine receptor agonist did activate transcription from a TRE-dependent reporter in the absence of cotransfected ER.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0009058	Phenotype	1240209c-bbf3-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuron.2005.01.015	We identify GluR1 as one synaptic protein whose synthesis is stimulated by dopamine receptor activation; dopamine agonists also induced an increase in surface GluR1, as has been observed in the nucleus accumbens (Chao et al., 2002; Mangiavacchi and Wolf, 2004).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0110148	Phenotype	0134376a-ea16-11ef-b449-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.bone.2024.117271	Activation of dopamine receptors enhances mineralization and proliferation of osteoblasts [26] and inhibits osteoclasts proliferation [27].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0019233	Phenotype	5fb43964-3390-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	10677598	In summary, these results suggest that activation or antagonism of dopamine receptors in the striatum produces anti-nociception or pro-nociception in a model ofacutepain, respectively.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0042311	Phenotype	8712c77a-bbd6-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00361-X	Both in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that dopamine and dopamine receptor agonists induce vasodilation of various vascular beds including mesenteric arteries, and cause an increase in blood flow (Hughes et al., 1986; Lokhandwala, 1988; Hughes and Server, 1989).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0042311	Phenotype	def50be2-1b71-11f0-aa93-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.chphi.2024.100532	A particular dopamine receptor agonist of Zelandopam (YM435) causes renal vasodilatation in response to dosage[19].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0042311	Phenotype	ecb51732-bc07-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S1353-8020(02)00053-6	The peripheral mechanisms by which dopamine, the main end product of levodopa[30], exerts its hypotensive effect include systemic, mesenteric and renal vasodilatation mediated by dopamine receptors[31], displacement of norepinephrine from nerve terminals[32,33]and decreased renin and aldosterone secretion.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0042311	Phenotype	713ddf96-3769-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9600658	Stimulation of dopamine receptors located on the dog renal and mesenteric artery produces a vasodilatation (Lokhandwala and Barrett, 1982).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060291	Phenotype	559b8a4a-bc2d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.nlm.2010.04.004	Conversely, it has been reported that lesions of the dopaminergic afferents, applications of D1 or D2 dopamine receptor antagonists, or differential knockouts of dopamine receptors impair LTP and long-term depression (LTD) in the striatum and prefrontal cortex (Bernabeu et al., 1997; Calabresi et al., 1997; Gurden, Tassin, & Jay, 1999; Tang, Low, Grandy, & Lovinger, 2001; Wang et al., 2006).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060291	Phenotype	77491008-cb8d-11e5-9498-001a4ae51246	10859139	"It has been reported that whereas application
                      of D1/D5 dopamine receptor agonists enhance LTP expression in the CA1 region (Otmakhova and Lisman, 1996), antagonists of these receptors inhibit LTP (Freyet al., 1990,1991)."
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060291	Phenotype	80410324-abb0-11e6-9ac8-001a4ae51246	PMC4498090	For example, ionotropic glutamate receptors, metabotropic type glutamate receptors, and dopamine receptors (D1–D5) mediate LTP through different pathways (43).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060291	Phenotype	e5f5c0a4-c95a-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	PMC9976994	"</ce:given-name>
                                 <ce:surname>Normandeau</ce:surname>
                              </sb:author>
                              <sb:author>
                                 <ce:given-name>E.R.</ce:given-name>
                                 <ce:surname>Hawken</ce:surname>
                              </sb:author>
                              <sb:et-al/>
                           </sb:authors>
                           <sb:title>
                              <sb:maintitle>D1 dopamine receptor-mediated LTP at GABA synapses encodes motivation to self-administer cocaine in rats</sb:maintitle>
                           </sb:title>
                        </sb:contribution>
                        <sb:host>
                           <sb:issue>
                              <sb:series>
                                 <sb:title>
                                    <sb:maintitle>J Neurosci</sb:maintitle>
                                 </sb:title>
                                 <sb:volume-nr>33</sb:volume-nr>
                              </sb:series>
                              <sb:date>2013</sb:date>
                           </sb:issue>
                           <sb:pages>
                              <sb:first-page>11960</sb:first-page>
                              <sb:last-page>11971</sb:last-page>
                           </sb:pages>
                        </sb:host>
                     </sb:reference>
                     <ce:source-text id=""srct0035"">Krawczyk M, Mason X, DeBacker J, Sharma R, Normandeau CP, Hawken ER, et al. (2013): D1 dopamine receptor-mediated LTP at GABA synapses encodes motivation to self-administer cocaine in rats."
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060291	Phenotype	351d2998-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.001	The activation of D1/D5type dopamine receptors can enhance LTP magnitude (Otmakhova and Lisman, 1996), although they are not indispensable for LTP induction.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060292	Phenotype	b71444da-374e-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	28918313	In hippocampus, the activation of the D1subunit dopamine receptor reverses LTD to LTP and extends the LTP part of the STDP time window [8], leading to temporally symmetric STDP function (LTP for both pre-before-post and post-before-pre).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060292	Phenotype	559b8a4a-bc2d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.nlm.2010.04.004	Conversely, it has been reported that lesions of the dopaminergic afferents, applications of D1 or D2 dopamine receptor antagonists, or differential knockouts of dopamine receptors impair LTP and long-term depression (LTD) in the striatum and prefrontal cortex (Bernabeu et al., 1997; Calabresi et al., 1997; Gurden, Tassin, & Jay, 1999; Tang, Low, Grandy, & Lovinger, 2001; Wang et al., 2006).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002395	Phenotype	3918bdc4-0d73-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0165-5728(99)00042-9	Characterization of dopamine receptors expressed by circulating immune cells such as peripheral blood lymphocytes may contribute to define the role of the catecholamine in modulating immune responses.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0007268	Phenotype	9591ea76-bc29-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.psychres.2006.08.007	Although the pathophysiological mechanisms of TD are still unclear, one current theory, the glutamate excitotoxicity hypothesis, speculates that chronic blocking of presynaptic dopamine receptors enhances excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission, which destroys output neurons as a consequence of neurotoxic stress in the striatum (De Keyser, 1991; Gunne and Andren, 1993).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007268	Phenotype	8617ab70-bc4d-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.schres.2007.05.042	The exact mechanism of apomorphine-induced degeneration observed in the current experiments needs to be further investigated, in order to confirm the dopamine receptor-mediated modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the brain (for a review seeKonradi and Heckers, 2003).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007268	Phenotype	7667800a-390b-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25497705	There is, however, experimental evidence suggesting that the distinct copulatory patterns of the Roman lines are secondary to differences mainly in D2-like dopamine receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the central nervous system.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007268	Phenotype	fabf8d0e-37c6-11e6-b56c-001a4ae51246	PMC4855515	Previous studies have shown compelling evidence regarding the role of adenosine receptors as regulators of dopaminergic and/or of dopamine receptor-mediated neurotransmission.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D014839	Phenotype	647e5e90-392e-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9042591	Emesis is induced by most dopamine receptor agonists and L-DOPA.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D014839	Phenotype	e30eb692-2cbf-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00849-X	Emesis caused by dopamine receptor stimulation is less likely when L-dopa is coadministered with a peripherally acting dopa decarboxylase inhibitor.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0022008	Phenotype	2dc9aa94-3a7d-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26724216	Activation of dopamine receptor has been found to promote neurogenesis, whereas dopamine depletion impairs neurogenesis in the adult brain.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0008283	Phenotype	359dfedc-c47d-11e5-a92e-001a4ae51246	PMC2913229	Dopamine as well as dopamine receptor agonists increased postnatal SVZ proliferation whereas dopamine depletion in the nigrostriatal pathway decreased proliferation (Bakeret al.2004;Hoglingeret al.2004).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0008283	Phenotype	0134376a-ea16-11ef-b449-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.bone.2024.117271	Activation of dopamine receptors enhances mineralization and proliferation of osteoblasts [26] and inhibits osteoclasts proliferation [27].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0006412	Phenotype	d5b3dcb0-c46f-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	PMC4183807	Moreover, it has recently been shown that activation of D1 dopamine receptors also activates protein translation through the same pathway resulting in activation of mTORC1, increased phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein (59).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0006412	Phenotype	1240209c-bbf3-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuron.2005.01.015	We directly examined whether dopamine receptor activation stimulates local protein synthesis by restricting the F2P application to a small (3–10 μm) region of the dendrite (Figure 5).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D009569	Phenotype	0fe91a4c-ca5d-11e5-9088-001a4ae51247	12738794	The delineation of the participatory proteins and pathways modulating D1 dopamine receptor-mediated induction of NOS and NO release may have some potential in the therapeutic prevention of striatal neurodegeneration.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009569	Phenotype	059cdb14-d9db-11ee-8b99-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00626-8	The validity of this hypothesis was supported by results of in vivo microdialysis studies showing that dopamine receptor agonists, oxytocin and NMDA, when given at doses that induce penile erection and yawning, increase NO production in the paraventricular dialysate obtained from male rats (Melis et al. 1996, 1997a, b).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D009569	Phenotype	0fe91a4c-ca5d-11e5-9088-001a4ae51247	12738794	These data indicate that direct stimulation of D1 dopamine receptors induces production of NO.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0006897	Phenotype	e2791612-c6d3-11ee-8b99-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103013	Dopamine receptor-mediated endocytosis It was once unknown whether PDA NPs enter cells via cell-surface receptors.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	90657498-bc45-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.molbrainres.2005.01.002	Iuvone and Gan demonstrated that melatonin modulates retinal dopaminergic neurotransmission by inhibiting the D1 dopamine receptor-mediated cAMP response[15].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	bc610409-f53a-11eb-ac76-001a4a160175	29680287	TheDop1andDop2/INDR (invertebrate-type dopamine receptor) groups of invertebrate dopamine receptors increase intracellular cAMP levels and are most closely related to the vertebrate D1-like receptors (Blenau and Erber, 1998;Gotzes et al., 1994;Han et al., 1996;Hill et al., 2016;Himmelreich et al., 2017;Humphries et al., 2003;Mustard et al., 2003;Xu et al., 2017).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	8dc7c056-bc45-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0169-328X(03)00091-3	At a concentration of 10−5M, the vertebrate dopamine receptor agonists, 6,7-ADTN, 6-chloro-APB and apomorphine stimulated cAMP production to a level similar to that produced by 10−5M dopamine (Fig. 2A).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	2feb6508-392c-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	9274925	In this study we evaluated whether priming in vivo influences dopamine receptor-mediated cyclic AMP production in rat striatal slices.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	625b48b6-bbdc-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC4562568	D1-class dopamine receptors (D1R and D5R) couple with G proteins and induce AC to generate cAMP and activate PKA.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	cf705a98-bbf2-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.02.021	The dopamine receptor is coupled to a G-protein activated adenylate cyclase and the activation produces an increase in cAMP.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	ce686636-3530-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	20138024	Activation of dopamine receptors D2, D3 or D4, classified as the D2 family, inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity and cyclic AMP (cAMP) synthesis[9].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	phosphorylatesProtein		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	bcfecda8-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.05.018	The activation of dopamine receptors activates PKA and PKA-mediated phosphorylation of dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, DARPP-32 (Fienberg et al., 1998), a potent inhibitor of the PP1 (Greengard et al., 1999).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	c43472fc-f576-11eb-847b-001a4a160175	32819568	Morphine tolerance is thought to be caused by dysfunction of the cAMP-protein kinase signaling pathways, which are mediated by MOR- and dopamine receptors [13,33].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000242	Phenotype	8b087648-bc50-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2004.06.004	It can be hypothesized that the downstream effects of dopamine receptor activation (i.e., adenylyl cyclase activation and production of cAMP, as well as phospholipase C generation of inositol phosphate and diacylglycerol) are the crucial factors governing motor and/or dopamine-related behavior.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D005680	Phenotype	29f681d6-bbee-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.brainres.2006.09.027	This hypothesis is consistent with evidence thatin vivolocal administration of an agonist of dopamine receptors into the striatum can increase GABA levels in the SNr (You et al., 1994) or the EP (Ferré et al., 1996), although such an effect was not found in another study (Byrnes et al., 1997).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D005680	Phenotype	9546fe0e-bc28-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.jchemneu.2004.05.006	The presence of D1 receptor in striato-nigral terminals has been described previously in mammals, and activation of D1 dopamine receptors was found to modulate GABA release in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (Floran et al., 1990).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D018491	Phenotype	b6c91f26-392b-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	9262154	Assuming this to be true, the greater ability of (+)-AJ76 to antagonize amphetamine in the anterior CN, expressed relative to its effects in SNPC, raises the possibility that the dopamine receptor subtype mediating dopamine agonist excitation of type II anterior CN neurons might be the D3subtype.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060134	Phenotype	9069f2de-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.09.016	This antipsychotic inhibited the stereotyped behaviour (Hirose et al.; 2004; Semba et al., 1995) and the deficit in pre-pulse inhibition (Auclair et al.; 2006) induced by the dopamine receptor agonist apormorphine in rats.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060134	Phenotype	3458be22-3555-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10720641	For example, systemic administration of dopamine receptor agonists such as apomorphine and quinpirole produce dose-related decreases in prepulse inhibition which can be reversed by dopamine receptor antagonists, demonstrating that the dopaminergic system is directly involved in mediating prepulse inhibition(Mansbach et al., 1988; Peng et al., 1990; Swerdlow and Geyer, 1993a).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060134	Phenotype	f90913b4-e9f5-11ef-b449-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105673	In these OVX mice, a low-dose 17β-estradiol implant restored apomorphine's ability to disrupt PPI, while a high dose of 17β-estradiol acted like an antipsychotic, blocking PPI disruption caused by this dopamine receptor agonist.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0060134	Phenotype	0371bf86-3404-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	26476178	Further, the dopamine receptor agonist haloperidol enhanced PPI in PPIlowrats (Hadamitzky et al., 2007), thus indicating a predictive value of this model for the treatment used in schizophrenia.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060134	Phenotype	bc5cc742-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.04.002	In rats, PPI can be disrupted by systemic administration of direct and indirect dopamine receptor agonists, such as apomorphine and glutamate receptor antagonists, or by surgical manipulations of brain regions such as the medial PFC, the nucleus accumbens, the ventral hippocampus and the amygdala (Geyer et al., 2001; Van den Buuse et al., 2003).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0060134	Phenotype	4dc2466a-bc46-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.07.008	The current consensus is that manipulations leading to enhanced presynaptic dopamine release and/or dopamine receptor stimulation especially in ventral striatal structures promote the disruption of PPI, whereas blockade of dopamine receptor signaling potentiates PPI and/or restores PPI deficits associated with dopaminergic imbalances.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000071057	Phenotype	81ac3dfe-3350-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	21112461	Introduction Tardive dyskinesia and tardive dystonia are caused by dopamine receptor blocking agents, mostly antipsychotics and sometimes antidepressants or calcium channel blockers[1].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000071057	Phenotype	75ad3b0e-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.08.092	Dopamine receptor antagonists, administered acutely, produce catalepsy and administered long-term, produce tardive dyskinesia which often takes the form of purposeless chewing, known as vacuous chewing movements (Waddington, 1990).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000855	Phenotype	0a95686a-392e-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	9063683	Table 3shows the effects of dopamine receptor antagonists on nicotine-induced anorexia.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0046959	Phenotype	ff962036-bbf2-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neuron.2007.07.023	Effects of Dopamine on Learning Involve Changes in Sensory Neuron Responsiveness In previous work, we observed that the DOP-1 dopamine receptor functions in the body touch neurons to modulate the habituation to mechanical stimuli (Sanyal et al., 2004); however, it was not clear whether dopamine was affecting the cell's overall response to sensory stimuli or the strengths of its connections to other neurons.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D020734	Phenotype	561e7ee6-3363-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	12802901	Phenothiazine and butyrohenone antipsychotic drugs block striatal dopamine receptors, which leads to secondary Parkinsonian syndrome, which is indistinguishable from idiopathic Parkinson's disease.9We found a strong association between Parkinsonism and hip fracture status that did not withstand adjustment for other risk factors.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D020734	Phenotype	6caefbb2-f53b-11eb-acb5-001a4a160175	29606607	While direct dopamine receptor blockade likely underlies usual drug-induced parkinsonism, this does not explain paradoxical parkinsonism upon neuroleptic withdrawal.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D006966	Phenotype	3a6d1d4a-3513-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	26302059	In parallel, the hyperprolactinemia caused by dopamine receptor blockade may itself have a role in cartilage preservation in addition to anti-inflammatory effect (Adán et al., 2013), which again comes in agreement with our estimations of the inflammatory mediators MPO and CRP.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002819	Phenotype	9448f00e-390b-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	25449908	In contrast, treatment with dopamine receptor antagonists and agents that decrease dopamine reduces chorea and motor symptoms in HD patients and animal models (Choi et al., 2014; Mestre et al., 2009; Scott, 2011; Tang et al., 2007).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	645813a0-da1a-11ee-ae05-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00197-2	Although the etiology is unclear, postsynaptic dopamine receptor up-regulation in nigrostriatal dopamine pathways and reduced gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmission are thought to be important.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	74e62992-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.09.069	amoxepine and clomipramine, block dopamine receptors, thus transiently increasing dopamine turnover via a feedback mechanism (Waldemeier, 1982, 1984).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	c5464d4e-352a-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	25795518	Enhanced dopamine acts on different dopamine receptor subtypes in the brain.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	20c8bcfa-392d-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	9371544	Furthermore, these results suggest that the ability of dopamine receptor agonists to inhibit mesolimbic dopamine neurons without affecting tuberoinfundibular dopamine neuronal activity or prolactin secretion may represent a characteristic in vivo response useful for discriminating dopamine D2versus D3receptor agonist activity.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	323cc238-3ab3-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9718265	It is possible that pergolide downregulates dopamine receptors allowing much less dopamine release during ischaemia (2) pergolide and deprenyl induce CuZn superoxide dismutase activity in vivo (Glover et al., 1993).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	0fd924f3-f587-11eb-8aaa-001a4a160175	30268572	In this experiment, the sweetness of a saccharin solution elicited an increased rate of ingestion that was prevented when dopamine activity was blocked by systemic injections of either the D1R dopamine receptor antagonist SCH23390 or the D2R dopamine receptor antagonist raclopride.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	ebd33c42-0d86-11f0-bb75-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0028-3908(98)00215-9	Dopamine receptor blockade by haloperidol has been shown to increase the turnover of dopamine by monoamine oxidase resulting in increased production of hydrogen peroxide (Cohen and Spina, 1989).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	9b1bafa6-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02366-X	d-Amphetamine, a psychostimulant drug, acts as an indirect dopamine receptor agonist, which produces the following effects on the dopamine system: (1) promotes dopamine release and (2) blocks the dopamine transporter(Heikkila et al., 1975; Kuczenski, 1986; Kuczenski et al., 1983; Moore and Von Voigtlander, 1971; Rutledge, 1970; Von Voigtlander and Moore, 1973).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	1026fbae-3555-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10375697	Additionally, it should be noted that cocaine, unlike the D1+ neuron-selective action of the D1CT transgene, facilitates dopaminergic transmission not only to D1 dopamine receptors but also to D2–D5 receptors, by blocking general dopamine reuptake.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	8e76749a-bc3e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00071-X	In conclusion, the present studies investigated the roles of GP and STN in the regulation of spontaneous somatodendritic dopamine release and of dendritic dopamine efflux following blockade of dopamine neurotransmission by systemic administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	cc0b401e-0028-11f0-9c09-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104262	The silencing of dopamine receptors significantly inhibited dopamine-mediated salivary secretion in partially engorged female ticks (18 h-fed).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	8839dd68-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.11.018	Our data are consistent with these findings, suggesting that the disturbances in the central dopamine receptors during streptozotocin-induced diabetes affect dopamine-related functions.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	a7aff518-d10a-11e5-aade-001a4ae51247	3018189	</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Blockade of D-2 dopamine receptors strongly enhances the potency of enkephalins to inhibit dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat neostriatum: involvement of delta- and mu-opioid receptors.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	86652f82-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2006.05.027	This effect would involve dopamine receptor supersensitivity caused by the loss of DA terminals, resulting in a significant reduction of DA levels in the 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	b54bb4b4-392c-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	9387887	We also identify D1 receptors as the dopamine receptor subtype that mediates dopamine action in the developing SCN and show that cocaine influences the fetal SCN by D1 receptor-dependent and independent mechanisms.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	0a813cee-352a-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	25527432	Amph is an indirect dopamine receptor agonist that efficiently stimulates presynaptic dopamine release (Salahpour et al., 2008), and its administration elicits rigorous locomotor activity (Robinson and Becker, 1986).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	dad9794c-da01-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0028-3908(98)00092-6	After equilibration in high potassium-containing saline (96 mM KCl and 2 mM NaCl instead of 2 mM KCl and 96 mM NaCl) to reverse the K+gradient, the ability of the dopamine receptor agonists, including quinpirole and dopamine, to activate inward currents was examined.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	cf62affa-392d-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9548380	Interestingly, the theory that inhibition of locomotor activity is mediated by presynaptic dopamine receptor stimulation has been questioned, since the relation between the time-course/duration of the behavioral suppression elicited by dopamine receptor agonists and the reduction in dopamine release measured by in vivo microdialysis are often inconsistent (Ståhle, 1992).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	a9a471cc-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainres.2005.08.053	For example, administration of dopamine receptor agonists, antagonists, or compounds that elevate synaptic dopamine such as amphetamine (AMPH) or cocaine inhibits feeding[1,6,24,29,49].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	4e5ae134-3554-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10699662	D2 dopamine receptor agonists reduce dopamine release from synaptic terminals[25,35,56]via stimulation of autoreceptors.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	0542f64e-3351-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9452940	Due to the existing anatomical loops in the basal ganglia, the tonically released dopamine stimulates postsynaptic dopamine receptors which in turn modulate the amplitude of the phasic dopamine response (Waszczak and Walters, 1984).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	3f421a9c-3954-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10082243	Since PCP increases dopamine release (French et al., 1985), a possible enhancement of its action by chronic antidepressant pretreatment in the present study may be caused by increased responsiveness of dopamine receptors to the released dopamine.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	9ab60510-bbfb-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.euroneuro.2007.03.011	The apomorphine response is mediated by dopamine receptor activation whereas the amphetamine response includes an additional dopamine release component.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	3610c18c-4557-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136674	Two major classes of dopamine receptors mediate dopamine signals: D1 family including D1 and D5 receptors, D2 family including D2, D3 and D4 receptors.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	5016f848-bc2d-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.nlm.2006.04.002	Dopamine signals are mediated by two major classes of dopamine receptors, termed D1- and D2-like, that are distinguishable by their structural hetrogenicity (Sibley, Monsma, & Shen, 1993).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	c315e1ae-bc4d-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.10.019	In conclusion, the present study shows for the first time that the stimulation of dopamine receptors of the D2 family, including D4 receptors in the PVN, not only induces penile erection, but also increases extra-cellular dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	aa903080-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2006.01.011	Dopamine signals are mediated by two major classes of dopamine receptors, termed D1- and D2-like, that are distinguishable by their structrural hetrogenicity[28].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	9761c3de-3559-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	11070181	Dopamine receptor blockade by antipsychotics is known to increase dopamine turnover, and dopamine neurons themselves are thought to be especially vulnerable to oxidative stress since enzymatic- or auto-oxidation of dopamine can lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl, peroxy and superoxide radicals(Sagara, 1998).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	12440f3a-bc1c-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.08.014	It is necessary to understand the importance of this receptor system in this context, wherein the dopamine receptors enables dopamine to modulate glutamate transmission via mechanisms that involve elevated intracellular calcium (Bergson et al., 2003;Gupta et al., 2006).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	7da1b876-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.04.028	This is the first report that a partial dopamine receptor agonist such as aripiprazole increases dopamine release in the hippocampus and that this increase was inhibited by the selective 5-HT1Areceptor agonist, WAY 100635.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	72ce4e62-353f-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9401751	It is now well known that dopamine receptor agonists can reduce basal striatal dopamine (DA) release[51].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D004298	Phenotype	3b501bac-f120-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/S1566-2772(03)00014-8	In addition extensive research over the years has not firmly established an association between schizophrenia and the dopamine receptors or constituents in the pathways that mediate the effects of dopamine.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D002110	Phenotype	ad109a5c-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2006.04.019	On the other hand, the effects of caffeine are influenced by dopamine transmission, since antagonism of dopamine receptors reduces motor activation induced by caffeine, whereas coadministration with dopaminergic agonists as well as sensitization of dopamine receptors enhances caffeine effects[4,9,10,14].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0008152	Phenotype	c8718012-374e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	PMC9351805	Neuroleptics act by blocking dopamine receptors[29]and increase the turnover and metabolism of dopamine, which in turn could lead to an increased production of hydrogen peroxide[30,31], resulting in oxidative stress[32].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0008152	Phenotype	2c05881c-338a-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	8810875	A single, high-dose injection of haloperidol decreased striatal neurotensin metabolism (after 12–24 h) as reflected by reductions in the accumulation of neurotensin 1–8 and neurotensin 9–13, whereas acute administration of the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine increased neurotensin metabolism[9].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0010468	Phenotype	ca99882c-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2004.06.016	These neuroplastic changes may in turn reflect alterations in dopamine receptor-mediated regulation of gene expression[23].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0030154	Phenotype	81ba3c46-3554-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	10865062	Role of dopamine receptors in NGF-induced differentiation of PC12 cells We then concentrated on the role of DA receptors in altering the neuronal phenotype.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0030154	Phenotype	52671f86-bc02-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.niox.2009.01.004	Dopamine and dopamine receptor agonists induced differentiation of olfactory neuronal precursors in rat primary cultures[45], reduced cell proliferation and induced cell death in human olfactory explant cultures[46]and induced differentiation and apoptosis in an immortalized olfactory cell line[47].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	5c88f720-3390-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	10676879	Turnover of both serotonin and dopamine was significantly decreased in the TN-negative animals, and treatment with some dopamine receptor agonists that usually stimulate movement in mice instead decreased the hyperkinesia in the TN-knockout mice (Fukamauchi et al., 1996, 1997).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	92464142-bc50-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2004.11.016	Since information on circadian alterations of dopamine receptor protein levels in the mammalian brain is not yet available, in this study we investigated whether striatal D2 and D3 receptor levels demonstrate rhythms and further, whether these rhythms influence the development of dopamine receptor-mediated locomotor behaviors in mice treated with quinpirole.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	a90cbc2c-340c-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	24680675	We have investigated a panel of classic and novel D2-like and D2 dopamine receptor selective compounds and antipsychotics using DOI-induced HTR in mice.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	7ae2afe0-bc37-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC2898885	Dopamine receptors DRD1 and DRD2 are upregulated in the striatum of old A53T-SNCA overexpressing mice SinceComtreduction seems a plausible effort to enhance DA signaling, we asked whether the increased striatal DA affects signaling in old A53T-SNCA overexpressing mice.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	27a431d8-bc45-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0143-4179(02)00137-3	Treatment with a low dose (0.1mg/kg) of apomorphine, an unselective agonist of dopamine receptors, reduces the locomotor activity in wild-type mice.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	bd5b5e62-393a-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	12595031	It is well known that low doses of apomorphine (3 mg/kg) produce hypothermia and other effects in mice by stimulation of central dopamine receptors[13,17].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D051379	Phenotype	864dec6a-bc4a-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.04.028	Nonselective dopamine receptor agonists R (-) apomorphine and R (-)-N-n-propylnorapomorphine are reported to elicit dose-and time-dependent hypothermia in mice (Meller et al., 1989).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		MESH:D012701	Phenotype	e20762a0-377e-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	10794820	This 5-HT1Areceptor activation appears to be caused by tonic 5-HT release because dopamine receptor antagonists do not enhance 5-HT levels (e.g.,Ferré and Artigas, 1995; Assié et al., 1997).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D012701	Phenotype	b0751f68-3402-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	26327125	At high RIS doses, 5HT2A occupancy is high, while binding increases to receptor populations with lower affinity, including dopamine receptors D2, D3, and D4, and serotonin 5HT2C and 5HT1A receptors (Janssen et al., 1988; Leysen et al., 1993; Schotte et al., 1996; Arnt and Skarsfeldt, 1998).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D012701	Phenotype	b80e3428-bbe9-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.bbr.2003.09.040	chlorpromazine; haloperidol) in that they block brain serotonin, histamine, and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors as well as dopamine receptors[8,9,28].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0019722	Phenotype	5c2d95a6-3746-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	26232589	PTEN differentially inhibits dopamine receptor-mediated calcium signaling in striatal neurons via Akt pathway inhibition To first evaluate potential dopamine receptor subtypes which might be regulated by PTEN, we repeated the above study with 50μM dopamine in the presence of specific dopamine receptor inhibitors.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D006948	Phenotype	bddb598a-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2007.03.013	In line with this assumption, dopamine receptor antagonists blocked the motor hyperactivity in both mutants (Table 1).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D001058	Phenotype	8822be76-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.06.025	Consistent with these clinical findings, xanomeline has been reported to increase cortical dopamine release and, like dopamine receptor antagonists, block dopamine receptor agonist-induced turning in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesion rats, as well as apomorphine-induced climbing in mice (Shannon et al., 2000).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D001058	Phenotype	9ab60510-bbfb-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.euroneuro.2007.03.011	The apomorphine response is mediated by dopamine receptor activation whereas the amphetamine response includes an additional dopamine release component.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D001058	Phenotype	cf1a5806-3511-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	26825544	the psychostimulant drug, amphetamine and the D1/D2receptor agonist, apomorphine) are thought to be mediated by postsynaptic mesolimbic and nigrostriatal dopamine receptors, respectively.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D019257	Phenotype	dad9794c-da01-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0028-3908(98)00092-6	After equilibration in high potassium-containing saline (96 mM KCl and 2 mM NaCl instead of 2 mM KCl and 96 mM NaCl) to reverse the K+gradient, the ability of the dopamine receptor agonists, including quinpirole and dopamine, to activate inward currents was examined.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007165	Phenotype	f3a59da6-390e-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	27185549	While numerous pathways were represented by identified proteins, those most represented in the analysis included the integrin signaling pathway, cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPase, inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway, Parkinson disease, glycolysis, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway, gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor pathway, Alzheimer disease-presenilin pathway, and dopamine receptor mediated signaling pathway (Fig. 1, Panel E).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007165	Phenotype	d38ca362-3403-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26093041	Indeed it has been found that in the striatum of TAAR1-KO mice, D2 dopamine receptors are overexpressed, where these D2 receptors selectively activated the G protein-independent AKT/GSK3 signaling pathway (Espinoza et al., 2015a).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007165	Phenotype	d24518d2-3385-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26616870	In addition to the dopamine receptor-mediated signaling pathway, evidence indicates that the LPS-mediated signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated DCs differs in the Th1- and Th2-type responses in patients with CD, which is apparently genetically determined (Butler et al., 2007).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0007165	Phenotype	2abb0962-3954-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10064831	In agreement with increasing evidence suggesting that a Ca2+-signaling pathway interacts with a dopamine receptor-stimulated signal transduction cascade in regulating striatal synaptic function[25, 29], the present findings support the view that signaling pathways involving CaMKII as well as protein kinase A (PKA)[46]are associated with dopamine D1-receptor mediated mechanisms leading to the development of the motor response alterations produced by chronic levodopa therapy.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D018450	Phenotype	7361c004-3c6f-11f0-8978-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103744	The DRd induction andD-MT regimens showed improved outcomes and decreased risk of death and disease progression compared to the RD group (Facon et al., 2019).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D007035	Phenotype	bca4f92c-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.05.002	In addition, a number of recent pharmacological studies in rats and selective dopamine receptor knockout mice suggest a more prominent role for D2 receptors in mediating D2-like agonist-induced hypothermia, including their locomotor attenuating effects.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D007035	Phenotype	bd5b5e62-393a-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	12595031	It is well known that low doses of apomorphine (3 mg/kg) produce hypothermia and other effects in mice by stimulation of central dopamine receptors[13,17].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D007035	Phenotype	8b52d9ae-bc50-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.pbb.2004.02.006	An emerging body of evidence suggests that other neurotransmitter systems play a modulatory role in cannabinoid-evoked hypothermia.Davies and Graham (1980)reported that inhibition of serotonin reuptake and blockade of dopamine receptors potentiate Δ9-THC-evoked hypothermia in rats.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D007035	Phenotype	c408b118-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0028-3908(03)00113-8	Thus, D2rather than D3receptors seem to be involved in the expression of hypothermia induced by dopamine receptor agonists.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D007035	Phenotype	864dec6a-bc4a-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.04.028	Nonselective dopamine receptor agonists R (-) apomorphine and R (-)-N-n-propylnorapomorphine are reported to elicit dose-and time-dependent hypothermia in mice (Meller et al., 1989).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000661	Phenotype	cf1a5806-3511-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	26825544	the psychostimulant drug, amphetamine and the D1/D2receptor agonist, apomorphine) are thought to be mediated by postsynaptic mesolimbic and nigrostriatal dopamine receptors, respectively.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D000661	Phenotype	61d0a43a-ab9c-11e6-9646-001a4ae51246	PMC4600454	In animals, dopamine receptor blockade also attenuated the reinforcing properties of amphetamine and cocaine (Davis and Smith, 1975;Yokel and Wise, 1975).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0046960	Phenotype	8da27fa2-bc50-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.pbb.2007.03.020	Li et al. (2000)reported that cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization (locomotor activity) can be reversed by a dopamine receptor agonist (Li et al., 2000) without the need for continuous medication.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D006220	Phenotype	bfa67fd8-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.04.020	However, these changes were not seen after chronic haloperidol treatment alone, suggesting that the response is due to combination of possible hyperdopaminergic tone induced by PCP and the dopamine receptor antagonism of haloperidol.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D006220	Phenotype	71fed2d2-3390-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10646830	This finding is not surprising for the present study group, since most patients had already been treated with haloperidol long enough to have ‘saturated’ dopamine receptors as indicated by the lack of PRL increases to additional haloperidol in the great majority of the patients.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	f0167828-bc00-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.11.018	The D1 class of dopamine receptors mediates many of the molecular effects of cocaine in the striatum (Berke and Hyman 2000; Schultz 2002) and is involved in both induction (Centonze et al 2003; Kerr and Wickens 2001) and maintenance of corticostriatal LTP (Picconi et al 2003).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	763efc08-bc3e-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.06.004	Cooperative interaction between accumbal shell D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors promotes cocaine-seeking behavior Recently it was reported that administration of selective D1-like or D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists into the accumbens shell prior to a D1-like or D2-like dopamine receptor agonist attenuated the ability of these agonists to reinstate cocaine-seeking behavior (Bachtell et al., 2005).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	ec0c4036-2d3f-11f0-aa93-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0091-3057(96)00438-8	This suggests that a partial blockade of dopamine receptors produces a partial blockade of the reinforcing actions of cocaine, a hypothesis supported by recent studies showing a dopamine antagonist-induced shift to the right of the full dose–effect function for cocaine self-administration[5, 12].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D003042	Phenotype	60c4b074-c8e7-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC2405894	TheDbh −/−mice are also profoundly hypersensitive to the locomotor-activating effects of cocaine, which appear to be mediated by the amplified dopamine receptor signaling that develops during chronic NE deficiency rather than a specific lack of NE at the time of cocaine administration (9).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0040011	Phenotype	e8245608-12c2-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0028-3908(97)00033-6	These data are in agreement with others who have demonstrated suppression of spontaneous locomotion induced by established dopamine receptor agonists with preference for D3receptors (Ahlenius and Salmi, 1994;Daly and Waddington, 1993;Gilbert and Cooper, 1995).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		MESH:D020820	Phenotype	8e380440-bc2e-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC5333988	Together, these observations indicate that Nur77 and RXRs actively contribute to antipsychotic drug effects and are associated with the induction of abnormal movements by dopamine receptor antagonists.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		MESH:D020820	Phenotype	709e01d4-3362-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	9430409	Additional evidence to support the validity of this model is that reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia is dose-dependently blocked by the dopamine D2receptor antagonist spiroperidol (Neisewander et al., 1991a), consistent with the ability of dopamine receptor antagonists to alleviate the symptoms of tardive dyskinesia in humans (Kazamatsuri et al., 1972;Klawans, 1973).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		GO:0002118	Phenotype	f3eb605a-3809-11e6-b56c-001a4ae51246	PMC4390511	We did find, however, that dopamine receptor blockade within the nucleus accumbens increases aggression produced by defeated animals, and given that this was specific to defeated hamsters and not non-defeated animals, we can rule out a generalized stimulation of aggression due to this treatment.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0002118	Phenotype	4a0054e0-bc41-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.08.004	Therefore, it would seem a worthy pursuit to determine whether other drug classes can be identified that will minimize the self-destructive behavior and aggression induced by general dopamine receptor agonists in these neonate-lesioned rats.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0002118	Phenotype	7d069d7c-1bb9-11f0-aa93-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109848	This pair bonding then causes an upregulation of NAc D1-type dopamine receptors, which mediate selective aggression toward non-partner voles to help maintain the pair bond (Aragona et al., 2006).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		GO:0008306	Phenotype	177dcfbc-5cad-11e7-8c5f-001a4ae51246	PMC4866504	Combined these data strongly suggest a crucial role for dopamine and dopamine receptor activation in appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, in a distributed network.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:FOS:family	ProteinFamily	c477daea-0c7d-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00442-8	However, it is well established that dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens is important for the reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse(Koob, 1992)and earlier results from our laboratory have shown than PTAC blocks Fos protein immunoreactivity in the rat nucleus accumbens, induced by another drug of abuse, the indirect dopamine receptor agonist d-amphetamine(Bymaster et al., 1998).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:FOS:family	ProteinFamily	302c366e-392c-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9274930	Dopamine receptor antagonists induce Fos-like immunoreactivity in the entopeduncular nucleus (Wirtshafter and Asin, 1995).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	decreases		FPLX:FOS:family	ProteinFamily	68f86ef8-3554-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10613497	The pattern of expression is consistent with the dense innervation of the medial nucleus accumbens shell by neurons emanating from the ventral hippocampus.17 Furthermore, pretreatment with dopamine receptor antagonists or reserpine blocked the effect of ventral hippocampal NMDA infusion on Fos expression in the medial nucleus accumbens, in a manner analogous to their effects on locomotor activity elicited by NMDA infusion into the ventral hippocampus.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:Calcium:channels	ProteinFamily	74125d7c-c8e5-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	PMC2709075	A potential mechanism by which dopamine receptors negatively modulate voltage-dependent calcium channels with subsequent inhibition of NPY-ir release may be through a PTX-sensitive mediated pathway utilizing a specific Gαi/osubtype.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:LH	ProteinFamily	050c974a-3953-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10560998	The injection of the dopamine receptor blocker metoclopramide induces an accelerated LH pulse frequency in some patients with HA but not in normally cycling women.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ACC	ProteinFamily	e21fb39a-bc16-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC4139002	Results results Activation of dopamine receptors (D2R and D1R) increases local fast oscillatory activity in the ACC To investigate the potent dopaminergic modulation of fast rhythmic neuronal synchronization, we first searched for a pharmacological method to induce persistent fast neuronal oscillations in slices of the ACC, more precisely in the cg1 area (Franklin and Paxinos,2008).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		FPLX:CREB	ProteinFamily	bc5d6166-bc4d-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.12.007	Dopamine receptors are known to modulate levels of CREB phosphorylation which in turn alters expression of genes containing CRE elements (Montminy et al., 1990; Cole et al., 1994; Hyman et al., 1995).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:SCN	ProteinFamily	b54bb4b4-392c-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	9387887	We also identify D1 receptors as the dopamine receptor subtype that mediates dopamine action in the developing SCN and show that cocaine influences the fetal SCN by D1 receptor-dependent and independent mechanisms.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		PF:PF07455	ProteinFamily	109075b4-1b14-11f0-aa93-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111347	Taken together, these results suggest that long-term changes in brain dopamine receptors may underlie the increased prevalence of cocaine-alcohol PSU, but other mechanisms and interactions may also play a role.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PKA	ProteinFamily	ce44df7a-c482-11e5-9da3-001a4ae51247	PMC3412376	"In those models, increased pSTEP61 may be due to decreased calcineurin activity and/or increased PKA activity in response
                         to elevated D-1 and D-2 dopamine receptor activation (56–58)."
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PLC	ProteinFamily	9432695e-c8df-11e5-9624-001a4ae51246	16771826	Recent evidence indicates that activation of dopamine receptors also activates phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ) through coupling to the Gq protein, resulting in hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol into diacylglycerol and inositol triphosphate (IP3;Felderet al.1989;Frailet al. 1993;Pacheco and Jope 1997; Lezano & Bergson., 2001;Leeet al. 2004;Wirtshafter and Osborn, 2005;Panchalingam and Undie 2005;Zhanget al. 2005).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PLC	ProteinFamily	2811380a-f5b2-11eb-9967-001a4a160175	30446950	In addition to regulating adenylyl cyclase activity via Gαs/olfor Gαi/o, dopamine receptors may also couple to Gαqprotein and modulate phospholipase C (PLC) (Felder et al.134; Jose et al.222; Sahu et al.365).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PLC	ProteinFamily	be6df650-bc4d-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.05.001	Recently, in addition to the Gs/olf-coupled classical D1dopamine receptor that increases the formation of cAMP, a D1-like dopamine receptor that couples to Gq protein and selectively induces phospholipase C (PLC)/inositol-1,4,5-phosphate 3 (IP3) pathway has been described (Pacheco and Jope, 1997).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PLC	ProteinFamily	e840658a-ae95-11ec-b4ed-0050569a1f61	PMCPMC8021869	The most common mechanism to liberate calcium from the ER is the phospholipase C (PLC)/IP3 signaling pathway, which has previously been shown for olfactory bulb astrocytes to be activated by P2Y1, A2A, mGluR5, and dopamine receptors and has been confirmed in the present study (Doengi et al., 2008; Otsu et al., 2015; Fischer et al., 2020).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		FPLX:PLC	ProteinFamily	8eadc27a-bc2e-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00022-5	Accordingly, Kotechaet al.[32]report that D4 dopamine receptor transactivation of the PDGFβ receptor stimulates PLCγ-dependent release of intracellular Ca2+stores to inactivate NMDA receptors, as well as resulting in ERK1/2 activation and phosphorylation of the MAPK substrate Elk-1 (Fig.1).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	e76da064-1332-11f0-85c3-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0165-5728(96)00108-7	The only dopamine receptors currently identified to activate adenylyl cyclase via Gsare D1and D5.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	587da12a-bc51-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.04.018	Dopamine receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors and the D1 subtype couples to a stimulatory G-protein and activates adenylyl cyclase to produce cAMP.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	159f6a0e-bbf3-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00859-0	D2 class dopamine receptors are positively coupled to Gi/osubunits and are known to inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	a7aff518-d10a-11e5-aade-001a4ae51247	3018189	</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Blockade of D-2 dopamine receptors strongly enhances the potency of enkephalins to inhibit dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat neostriatum: involvement of delta- and mu-opioid receptors.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	04026b7e-cb8f-11e5-9498-001a4ae51246	10908315	"An experiment was performed in parallel,
                            assessing the dopamine receptor-mediated inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase (data not shown)."
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	ddf396b4-0c9e-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00272-7	The ability of the dopamine receptor fragments to mediate agonist inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity was determined.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ADCY	ProteinFamily	5ed2473a-5ca3-11e7-8b40-001a4ae51247	PMC5053101	Methamphetamine increases phosphorylated CREB, the active form of the transcription factor, via striatal dopamine receptor-mediated activation of adenylate cyclase resulting in increased cAMP and activation of protein kinase A (Cadet et al., 2015).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:G:protein	ProteinFamily	d38ca362-3403-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26093041	Indeed it has been found that in the striatum of TAAR1-KO mice, D2 dopamine receptors are overexpressed, where these D2 receptors selectively activated the G protein-independent AKT/GSK3 signaling pathway (Espinoza et al., 2015a).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:ERK	ProteinFamily	5df60cce-bbd8-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC4180092	Dopamine receptor antagonists inhibited cannabinoid induced striatal mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) activation[99].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ERK	ProteinFamily	e424ef6a-bc4e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0303-7207(03)00236-3	The observed dopamine receptor-mediated ERK1/2 and p38 activation leading to cell death in this study appears to imply a role of oxidative stress.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ERK	ProteinFamily	984ce20c-abb1-11e6-9ac8-001a4ae51246	PMC4481230	Within the brain, ERK signaling may be initiated by the activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors (4,5), D1 dopamine receptors (20), or L-type Ca2+channels (28).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	phosphorylatesProtein		FPLX:ERK	ProteinFamily	d2888d3e-3758-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	PMC5018432	Activation of dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) can promote cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production and protein kinase A activity, inducing the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) that are important for neuronal functions (Calabresi et al., 2014; Hasbi et al., 2011).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:ERK	ProteinFamily	62513ab0-ca00-11e5-ab20-001a4ae51246	15247297	The D1 dopamine receptors activate p-ERK1/2, whereas the oxidative pathway predominantly activates p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:MEK	ProteinFamily	62513ab0-ca00-11e5-ab20-001a4ae51246	15247297	These results are consistent with our finding that MEK1/2 is selectively activated by D1 dopamine receptors but not through the oxidative stress pathway of dopamine autoxidation.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:PKC	ProteinFamily	22847d36-bbf3-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC2987607	Dopamine receptor activation, either by exogenous or endogenous agonists, activated protein kinase C (PKC), leading to inhibition of AIS T-type channels.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	inhibits		FPLX:MAPK	ProteinFamily	5df60cce-bbd8-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC4180092	Dopamine receptor antagonists inhibited cannabinoid induced striatal mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) activation[99].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:MAPK	ProteinFamily	62513ab0-ca00-11e5-ab20-001a4ae51246	15247297	The D1 dopamine receptors activate p-ERK1/2, whereas the oxidative pathway predominantly activates p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		PF:PF02180	ProteinFamily	8a13216a-bc2e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.tins.2013.09.003	All three DRD genes participate in DA biosynthesis (Figure 1A):GCH1andSPRact sequentially to synthesize tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), and BH4is subsequently required forTHto synthesize L-DOPA from tyrosine[18,20].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:GSK3	ProteinFamily	d38ca362-3403-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26093041	Indeed it has been found that in the striatum of TAAR1-KO mice, D2 dopamine receptors are overexpressed, where these D2 receptors selectively activated the G protein-independent AKT/GSK3 signaling pathway (Espinoza et al., 2015a).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		IP:IPR011822	ProteinFamily	f0900fde-3747-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	26790825	One possible reason for this discrepancy is that dopamine receptors, which are reported to mediate the effects of METH, are prominent in CNS.
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	activates		FPLX:AKT	ProteinFamily	d38ca362-3403-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26093041	Indeed it has been found that in the striatum of TAAR1-KO mice, D2 dopamine receptors are overexpressed, where these D2 receptors selectively activated the G protein-independent AKT/GSK3 signaling pathway (Espinoza et al., 2015a).
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	phosphorylatesProtein		FPLX:AKT	ProteinFamily	3fa285b6-bc2f-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	PMC3763761	Dopamine receptor activation may have multiple effects on GSK3 function, which depend upon the receptor involved and whether they act through D2receptor-mediated β-arrestin2/protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) recruitment (increased Akt phosphorylation and release of GSK3 from Akt regulation) or through D1and/or D2-mediated tyrosine kinase transactivation (enhanced Akt action and consequent GSK3 phosphorylation/inactivation) [238].
2	DRD	FPLX:DRD	increases		FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	12687a2e-0c8e-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0169-328X(00)00120-0	It may be speculated that differences in the cellular ratio of D3 dopamine receptor:D3nf protein in vivo may modulate the activity of D3 dopamine receptor expressing neurons.
2		CHEBI:93369	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	d3854d76-1af9-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101130	These are notably chlorpromazine and fluspirilene (Table 5), which primarily antagonize D2 dopamine receptors and whose mode of action on proteasomes remains to be fully explored.
2		FPLX:Calcium:channels	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	93fb7f9e-3402-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26895708	DIP has been associated either with the use of drugs that block dopamine receptors, including antipsychotic agents, antiemetics and calcium channel antagonists, or with the use of some antiepileptic drugs, such as valproic acid[1].
2		UNIPROT:P27797	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	43b25688-bc46-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.01.018	More importantly, Ro 25-6981 potentiated the action of levodopa in both models and increased the efficacy of apomorphine and a D1- and D2-selective dopamine receptor agonist in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats.
2		UNIPROT:P48506	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	b192cf60-3512-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26872620	There is evidence for a crosstalk between the HPA axis and the dopaminergic system: GCs mediate the expression of the dopamine receptors and the enzymes responsible for dopamine synthesis and this catecholamine seems to enhance GR activity in cells expressing D1receptors (Van Craenenbroeck et al., 2005).
2		MESH:D009638	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	009355a8-340a-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	27865867	Recent experiments showed that norepinephrine (NE) could activate D4 dopamine receptor in LHb (Root et al., 2015).
2		MESH:D009638	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	9e3bbf50-c474-11e5-85e4-001a4ae51246	26565913	It may therefore be possible that the locus coeruleusdoesonly release norepinephrine from its TH+SC terminals but that this norepinephrine can activate D2 dopamine receptors in the SC.
2		MESH:D009638	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8364ac32-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)00776-2	It could be that dopamine receptors are somehow activated by continuous inhibition of either norepinephrine or serotonin uptake, in addition to dopamine, and that this activation is blocked by a D1receptor antagonist.
2		UNIPROT:P08865	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	109075b4-1b14-11f0-aa93-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111347	However, we did observe that ~1.6 years of ethanol drinking changed how chronic cocaine SA modulated brain dopamine receptors (Say et al., 2022).
2		UNIPROT:P03372	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	b5e45620-0cb7-11e8-ba14-001a4a160175	PMC5784558	Additional options with a goal of providing continuous dopaminergic delivery include rotigotine patch, ER pramipexole and ER ropinerole.21The dopamine agonists have longer plasma t1/2than levodopa and cause less pulsatile stimulation of dopamine receptors, but their use is often limited by side effects.
2		UNIPROTPRO:PRO:0000020495	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	9130d038-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2005.06.003	Using this type of “reciprocal” approach, the results of our studies suggest that pharmacological-induced penile erection produced by either oxytocin or D2-like dopamine receptor activation is dependent on the basal activity of the unstimulated pathway.
2		MESH:D008550	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	bdf6e7ea-bbee-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03565-5	In addition, melatonin has been shown to increase the affinity of D2 dopamine receptors to the agonist in the rat striatum, thus facilitating inhibition of cAMP production[23].
2		UNIPROT:P50402	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	c1e92160-bc39-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ntt.2006.01.009	Interestingly, a selective sigma receptor ligand, EMD 57445, was shown to decrease the effects of several dopamine receptor agonists, such as apomorphine-induced aggression and hyperactivity[33].
2		UNIPROT:P43220	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	86b7fe22-aba8-11e6-9646-001a4ae51246	PMC4668599	Considering the anatomical and functional relationship between GLP-1 receptors and the brain reward system, we decided to further investigate whether GLP-1 receptor stimulation modulates the addictive properties of the indirect dopamine receptor agonist cocaine.
2		MESH:D008719	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	88906ade-351a-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	28629966	However, to our surprise, methiothepin (a non-selective antagonist of mammalian 5-HT and dopamine receptors), butaclamol (a mammalian dopamine receptor antagonist) and methysergide (a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist and partial 5-HT1 agonist) had significant antagonistic effects on NlOA2B2.
2		MESH:D017371	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	ee0f9362-c46a-11e5-a92e-001a4ae51246	PMC4318574	The serotonergic 1A agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, which reduces firing rates of serotonergic neurons (Aghajanian et al., 1990; Martin et al., 1999; Waterhouse et al., 2004), and the D2 dopamine receptor antagonist, eticlopride, blocked the effects ofl-dopa on stepping ratios during contraversive walking.
2		MESH:D019314	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b853a4fe-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2003.10.013	By using RT-PCR, Compagnone and Mellon[6]have found that DHEAS reduces the expression of dopamine receptor type 1 and 2 mRNAs in primary neocortical cells, and sigma1receptors seem to modulate the activity of dopaminergic neurons[7,9,14,34].
2		MESH:D018967	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	3b0ef812-bbe0-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.05.017	The administration of risperidone in this young patient may have resulted in up-regulation of dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D018967	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2c4f9eee-341a-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	17689275	Serotonin dopamine receptor antagonists such as clozapine and risperidone bind to D2 receptors and may improve dystonia in low dose.18Anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine reduce severe muscle spasm by decreasing polysynaptic responses.
2		MESH:D018967	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8a52a660-04e9-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115171	These reports suggest that early-life risperidone initiates a long-term change in the expression of dopamine receptors, particularly those of the D2family, that falls somewhere between the effects of typical versus atypical drugs; however, no studies have directly assayed dopamine receptor function in adult rats administered risperidone early in life.
2		MESH:D018967	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	aae817ea-390b-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	25449893	Risperidone is a potent antagonist for serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine receptors (Gardner et al., 2005), and it exhibits a selective monoaminergic antagonism on 5-HT2receptors (Ki of 0.12 to 7.3nM) (Miyamoto et al., 2005).
2		MESH:D018967	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	22ea8c52-3a7c-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	26698401	Risperidone, however, is an antagonist of dopamine receptors, and 5-HT2A and 5-HT1B serotonin receptors antagonist[38]with greater affinity for 5-HT2A receptors, compared to D2receptors, and can induce anxiety, depressive-like symptoms and sedation[59,60].
2		UNIPROT:P30793	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	8638cbbe-351e-11e9-ab56-001a4a160175	PMC5982475	Since the discovery of the gene mutation, many different mutations in the GCH1 gene, TH gene (tyrosine hydroxylase), and SR (sepiapterin reductase) genes have been identified to cause DRD, particularly of the autosomal recessive form of DRD.
2		UNIPROT:P30793	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	6a88a2fe-bc09-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC3172666	DRD is frequently caused by GTP-cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH1) deficiency that up to 87% of the DRD is caused by mutations in theGCH1gene encoding GTPCH1 (2,3).
2		UNIPROT:P30793	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	8a13216a-bc2e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.tins.2013.09.003	Most DRD is caused by dominant inheritance ofGCH1(GTP cyclohydrolase 1) mutations[18,19].
2		UNIPROT:P30793	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	e35d1da1-f53b-11eb-ba7e-001a4a160176	29289916	Introduction Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD), which was originally reported by Segawa et al. in 1976, is mostly caused by mutations of the GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) gene on chromosome 14q22.1 to q22.2 [1].
2		UNIPROT:P14868	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	234a4682-abd6-11e6-9646-001a4ae51246	PMC4449328	The therapeutic link between these seemingly disparate disorders is that they are treated with drugs that either stimulate or block central dopamine receptors (DARs).
2		CHEBI:135351	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	53e8d134-3409-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	25816790	The dopamine D2 class agonists, such as rotigotine, ropinirole and pramipexole aim to replace dopamine in the biophase and stimulate the post-synaptic dopamine receptors, in a manner largely independent of endogenous neuronal activity.
2		UNIPROT:P35462	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	9075ec50-e9f0-11ef-b449-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ynstr.2025.100707	Septal Drd3 signaling in ESD-induced social deficits Dopamine receptor 3 (Drd3), a member of the D2-like receptor family, has been implicated in social deficits observed in psychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (Staal et al., 2012).
2		FPLX:GRK	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	c08a7484-ca00-11e5-b88f-001a4ae51247	15687500	Thus, if a genetic reduction of GRK activity can enhance dopamine receptor signalingin vivo, then a corresponding type-specific GRK inhibitor/activator might facilitate responsiveness to suboptimal levels of endogenous dopamine in the treatment of movement disorders like Parkinson's disease or to other monoaminergic neurotransmitters such as serotonin in the treatment of mood disorders like depression.
2		MESH:D009020	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	357da3e2-bc46-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC3733489	Morphine administration causes rapid development of supersensitive dopamine receptors without affecting the affinity of the dopamine receptors (Martin and Takemori, 1985).
2		MESH:D009020	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8ce5f62c-0d07-11f0-a2ca-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0149-7634(99)00068-8	The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus is one area where morphine acts to prevent dopamine receptor agonist-, NMDA- and oxytocin-induced penile erection.
2		MESH:D009020	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f536274a-3412-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	9667819	Recently, it has been reported that ginseng saponins inhibit the development of morphine-induced tolerance, physical dependence, dopamine receptor supersensitivity, and of reverse tolerance to the ambulation accelerating effects of cocaine and methamphetamine[12–14].
2		MESH:D009020	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	159aa05c-bc00-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.05.009	These data suggest that dopamine receptor-mediated pathways are augmented by chronic morphine[24].
2		MESH:D013395	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	89f2d218-bc45-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.02.013	At the molecular level, similarities have been identified between the effect of morphine[26,58]and sucrose[10,14]in decreasing D2 dopamine receptor levels.
2		MESH:D013395	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	409e5932-1c23-11f0-a2ca-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.numecd.2023.10.025	Reports suggest that sucrose, composed of glucose and fructose, repetitively stimulates dopamine receptors, potentially contributing to obesity [35–37].
2		MESH:D013395	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f3b3aaf8-f540-11eb-ae78-001a4a160175	29920309	Long-term sugar consumption increases dopamine D2 receptors in mPFC cytosol/plasma membranes Given that manipulations of mPFC dopamine receptors reduced sugar preference after long-term consumption, and that previous evidence indicates that sugar exposure alters dopamine receptor expression in the striatum [30], we also evaluated whether long-term sugar consumption induces changes in D1 and D2 dopamine receptor expression in the mPFC.
2		MESH:D013395	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	36266c96-aba3-11e6-90f5-001a4ae51247	PMC4554881	A likely reason why acquisition of cocaine and sucrose self-administration was attenuated by blocking dopamine receptors is due to impairment of responding, which would lead to reduced consumption.
2		UNIPROT:P25098	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	7166aec0-bbfc-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC3770182	For example, NCS-1 interacts in a calcium-dependent fashion with G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2 to mediate the desensitization of the D2 dopamine receptor[4].
2		MESH:D000431	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	99157fe8-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02685-7	Regulation of ethanol-stimulated activity dopamine receptor antagonists Similar to MK-801, low doses of ethanol also stimulate locomotor activity in ISS but not ILS mice(Hanania and Zahniser, 2002).
2		MESH:D000431	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	109075b4-1b14-11f0-aa93-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111347	However, we did observe that ~1.6 years of ethanol drinking changed how chronic cocaine SA modulated brain dopamine receptors (Say et al., 2022).
2		MESH:D000431	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8e546672-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0091-3057(03)00002-9	Moreover, ethanol reward or self-administration could be modulated using dopamine receptor agonists or antagonists(Samson et al., 1993a,b; Boyce and Risinger, 2000).
2		MESH:D000109	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	7cfa812e-bbdb-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.jns.2007.02.014	The differences in acetylcholine modulation in dopamine receptor subtypes might explain the robust negative correlations between123I-5IA DV values and the daily dose of dopamine agonist (in contrast to levodopa).
2		UNIPROT:O76070	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	8638cbbe-351e-11e9-ab56-001a4a160175	PMC5982475	Since the discovery of the gene mutation, many different mutations in the GCH1 gene, TH gene (tyrosine hydroxylase), and SR (sepiapterin reductase) genes have been identified to cause DRD, particularly of the autosomal recessive form of DRD.
2		UNIPROT:O00230	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	b540db00-5cbb-11e7-af4d-001a4ae51247	PMC4695240	Previously, we found that the same CORT dose also increases light phaseTph2mRNA expression, most significantly in the DRD/DRC (Donner et al., 2012).
2		MESH:D008784	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	88906ade-351a-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	28629966	However, to our surprise, methiothepin (a non-selective antagonist of mammalian 5-HT and dopamine receptors), butaclamol (a mammalian dopamine receptor antagonist) and methysergide (a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist and partial 5-HT1 agonist) had significant antagonistic effects on NlOA2B2.
2		MESH:D000375	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b8cb64f8-392d-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9554972	Age-related, rapid increases in brain dopamine receptors may be related to at least two ontogenetic processes, cell proliferation and neuronal maturation (specifically, the elaboration of synapses).
2		MESH:D003024	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	23de1d3c-bbed-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC2376090	Clozapine Clozapine, the prototypic atypical antipsychotic drug, antagonizes serotonin and dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D003024	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	99535b1e-bbfb-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.euroneuro.2008.05.001	On the basis of the results obtained with the use of FRET measurements, one may assume that clozapine decreases the degree of hetero-oligomerization of dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D003024	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	9130d038-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2005.06.003	Specifically, we demonstrated that the penile erection activity observed with exogenous administration of either oxytocin or apomorphine was dependent on basal activity of dopaminergic and oxytocinergic pathways, respectively, as supported by antagonism studies with either site-specific oxytocin receptor antagonism produced by [Pmp-Tyr(Me)-Ile-Thr-Asn-Cys]-Pro-Orn-Tyr–NH2–vasotocin or central D2-like dopamine receptor antagonism produced by systemic clozapine.
2		MESH:D003024	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	98cf139e-bbed-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neuint.2006.01.016	Thus, clozapine might prevent NMDA antagonist-induced cortical neuronal injury blocking D4 dopamine receptors on thalamic reticular nucleus GABAergic neurons, dis-inhibiting the GABAergic neurons, and suppressing thalamic output (Tomitaka et al., 2000).
2		MESH:D003024	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	23b2529c-390e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	27542594	Similarly, clozapine-induced increase in ΔFosB-like immunoreactivity was completely blocked in the striatum of mice lacking D3 dopamine receptors (Robertson et al., 2004).
2		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f42f294e-3527-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	25239603	In the United States, trimethobenzamide (Tigan®) is the only recommended anti-emetic for use in PD because it does not have central dopamine antagonistic effects (the peripheral dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone is not approved by the FDA[11]).
2		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5be53268-1c39-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111540	Therefore, dopamine receptor antagonists, such as pimozide and domperidone, are recognized as effective methods for inducing ovarian development, including final maturation and ovulation, in several fish species (Zohar and Mylonas, 2001).
2		MESH:D004294	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	26774d9a-bc45-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.npep.2006.05.002	Intraperitoneal injection of SN increased serum LH levels in goldfish pretreated with the specific type-2 dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone, confirming our previousin vivodata (Blàzquez et al., 1998).
2		MESH:D012892	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	473b4b6a-ca02-11e5-b88f-001a4ae51247	PMC3137243	One theorist has suggested that sleep deprivation prevents recalibration of dopamine receptor sensitivity; such a mechanism would be congruent with models of dopamine dysregulation in bipolar disorder (Ebert & Berger, 1998).
2		MESH:D005444	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	1797b608-3780-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10462185	These differences apparently result in differential influences on dopamine and 5-HT neurotransmission: nimodipine decreases dopamine synthesis and release, flunarizine blocks dopamine receptors and uptake, and verapamil acts at 5-HT transmission and sodium channels(24).
2		PF:PF06130	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	c477daea-0c7d-11f0-b759-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00442-8	We have earlier shown that PTAC can elicit central functional dopamine receptor antagonism(Bymaster et al., 1998, 1999; Fink-Jensen et al., 1998; Sauerberg et al., 1998)even though the compound has very low affinity for the dopamine transporter and for dopamine receptors(Bymaster et al., 1998).
2		CHEBI:29035	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	3f63f286-1c6c-11f0-a2ca-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100170	Inhibition of Mn-induced attentional deficits by MPH was independent of D1, D2, or α2A dopamine receptor signaling.
2		UNIPROT:P15882	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	73df5f98-377f-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	10998529	Using HEK-293 cells (co-transfected with NCR and D1 dopamine receptor), NC inhibited dopamine-stimulated cAMP formation (EC50∼0.4nM) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner, indicating coupling to Gi/o.
2		UNIPROT:P25103	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	b540db00-5cbb-11e7-af4d-001a4ae51247	PMC4695240	Local application of substance P, a natural NK1 receptor agonist, activates 5-HT neurons in the DRD/DRC, but suppresses activation of other DR subdivisions (Valentino and Commons, 2005).
2		UNIPROT:P08246	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	ed988b3e-1b66-11f0-85c3-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.fbio.2024.103804	Studies have shown that mice with depression-like phenotypes show a large decrease in NE in response to stress, and that NE can activate dopamine receptors in the hippocampus to promote antidepressant effects (Chen et al., 2022;Kobayashi et al., 2022).
2		UNIPROT:P08246	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	009355a8-340a-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	27865867	Recent experiments showed that norepinephrine (NE) could activate D4 dopamine receptor in LHb (Root et al., 2015).
2		UNIPROT:P08246	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	daf0171c-374e-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	28025067	In addition, NE could activate D4 dopamine receptor in LHb[38].
2		MESH:D012402	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	989da60a-390a-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25464888	Moreover, the number of rotations – which represents the behavioral pattern in experimental Parkinsonism model – was found to be significantly increased in rotenone-infused group due to the apomorphine-induced dopamine receptor up-regulation and was found to be significantly decreased with EPO treatment.
2		MESH:D018738	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	865c8676-bc4a-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.10.056	This outcome could tentatively be explained by a simultaneous hexamethonium-induced prolongation of the dopamine releaseanda nicotine-induced enhancement of postsynaptic dopamine receptor sensitivity.
2		MESH:D013134	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4fcc4ffe-bc2e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0968-0896(03)00487-5	In agreement with the concept that the effects were mediated by the interaction of the test compounds with presynaptically located dopaminergic receptors, were the findings that LASSBio-579, -580 and -581 were unable to affect the frequency or amplitude of spontaneous EPSCs recorded from neurons continuously perfused with physiological solution containing the dopamine receptor antagonist spiperone (10μM, data not shown).
2		MESH:D013134	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	98f8edc4-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01537-0	Finally, the neuroprotective effects of pergolide appeared to be independent of dopamine receptor activity because different dopamine receptor antagonists, such as spiperone, SCH 23390 and (−)-sulpiride, and the α-adrenoceptor antagonist phenoxybenzamine, were unable to inhibit pergolide-mediated neuroprotection.
2		MESH:D013134	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d12ae234-bc53-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.09.011	injections of the D2 dopamine receptor antagonist spiperone mimic the electrophysiological effects of olfactory deprivation in rats[1], while injections of the D2 agonist quinpirole both produce a dose-dependent decrease in odor detection performance in rats[2]and nearly eliminate the activity-dependent accumulation of 2-deoxyglucose in the olfactory bulb elicited by odor stimulation[3].
2		MESH:D013134	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	1563a4a6-3c55-11ef-be44-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0969-8051(97)00170-4	Theex vivoARG of the rat brain with [O-methyl-11C]NE-100 had a similar distribution pattern compared to thein vitroARG of the rat brain with [3H]haloperidol in the presence of spiperone, which blocked the dopamine receptors[4].
2		MESH:D010868	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	06bdcafa-bc55-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1389-9457(00)00025-3	The therapeutic benefit of the μ-opioid receptor agonist codeine could be blocked by the dopamine receptor antagonist pimozide[5].
2		MESH:D010868	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0e68e6c4-0ccb-11f0-bb75-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00123-0	Thus, concentrations of pimozide that block dopamine receptors in vitro are similar to those that also produce significant reduction in HERG channel current.
2		MESH:D010868	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	34b27304-392e-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	9050084	Moreover,d-amphetamine is known to increase dopaminergic activity and to produce rewarding effects[20, 35], whereas pimozide blocks dopamine receptors and produces aversive subjective effects[2, 31].
2		CHEBI:37932	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	561e7ee6-3363-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	12802901	Phenothiazine and butyrohenone antipsychotic drugs block striatal dopamine receptors, which leads to secondary Parkinsonian syndrome, which is indistinguishable from idiopathic Parkinson's disease.9We found a strong association between Parkinsonism and hip fracture status that did not withstand adjustment for other risk factors.
2		UNIPROT:Q9UKU7	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	d24518d2-3385-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26616870	As for genetic evidence, the frequency of dopamine D2 receptor polymorphisms in IBD was similar in different groups of disease localization, behavior, and age of disease onset, supporting an involvement of dopamine receptors in IBD (Magro et al., 2006).
2		CHEBI:140671	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	e7055366-3945-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	15464827	In addition, it was demonstrated that tetrahydrocolumbamine, an another active ingradient extracted from Polygala tenuifolia Willdenow modulates dopamine receptors (Shen et al., 1994).
2		MESH:D009369	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	800daa62-c534-11e7-8d2b-001a4a160176	PMC5661129	Its rational use in tumor therapy is based on the finding that CSCs in several types of tumors (e.g., AML, breast carcinoma, glioblastoma), in contrast to the corresponding normal tissue stem cells, upregulate the expression of dopamine receptors[69].
2		FPLX:PKA	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	109f804c-3555-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	10375699	In the rat neostriatum, NMDA-induced responses are enhanced by both PKA activators and activation of dopamine receptors positively coupled to AC[9, 15].
2		FPLX:PKA	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	9432695e-c8df-11e5-9624-001a4ae51246	16771826	Both protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent and independent mechanisms have been proposed to mediate dopamine receptor-stimulated calcium signals (Tanget al. 2003;Neveet al. 2004).
2		CHEBI:18332	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	44fa90d2-bc41-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainresrev.2005.10.001	A recent report demonstrated that hypothyroid rats are unable to switch the conversion of excitatory to inhibitory hippocampus dopamine receptors, which can be reversed by administration of T4.
2		CHEBI:9584	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	173532f4-377f-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	10962225	In the light of current hypotheses on the mechanisms of action of neuroleptic drugs, it would also seem interesting that thyroid hormones modulate the characteristics of various dopamine receptors in rat brain (e.g.Engström et al., 1975; Crocker and Overstreet, 1984).
2		MESH:D019791	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	bd4d65de-3780-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	14607244	Nevertheless, treatment of membranes from D2 dopamine receptor-expressing cells with 1 M and 2 M guanidinium were unable to disrupt D2 dopamine receptor dimers(Fig. 3).
2		UNIPROT:P31944	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	de23e84c-5c10-11e7-bcb7-001a4ae51246	PMC5440472	Mice bred by Garland et al for high voluntary running distance displayed dysfunctional dopaminergic profiles in the NAc (36,37) and increased dopamine receptor 2 (Drd2) and dopamine receptor 4 (Drd4) mRNA ~20% in the hippocampus (38), compared to control mice.
2		FPLX:PPP3	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	b07da4cc-bc44-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.01.005	Calcineurin (CaN) inhibits signal transduction via dopamine receptors by dephosphorylation of DARPP-32.
2		MESH:D005680	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b9fd2ec8-3749-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	26187709	Previously, it was shown that lipoic acid may reduce hyperlocomotion, elevate brain serotonin and GABA levels, enhance dopamine breakdown, and down-regulate dopamine receptors (Bist and Bhatt, 2009; Macêdo et al., 2012; Deslauriers et al., 2014).
2		MESH:D005680	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	cd6a2496-1b23-11f0-85c3-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115918	TS is likely due to disruptions in various neurotransmitters including upregulation of dopamine receptors caused by chronic dopamine blockade, altered amino acid metabolism and GABA activity, and NMDA receptor excitotoxicity (Ward and Citrome, 2018).
2		MESH:D008787	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	18ccb19e-3416-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	18829050	Dopamine receptor antagonists like domperidone and metoclopramide are used preferentially in Italy, Spain, and France.
2		MESH:D008787	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b05167a2-352a-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	25779971	A dopamine receptor antagonist such as prochlorperazine, haloperidol or metoclopramide is generally used to treat opioid-induced nausea and vomiting[7].
2		MESH:D005475	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a53b603e-f558-11eb-b844-001a4a160175	PMC7547114	) and the dopamine receptor antagonist flupenthixol (0.06 mg/kg i.p.
2		MESH:D018491	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8da115b8-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2006.12.009	It is worth mentioning that the contraversive rotation induced by high doses of caffeine (10–30 mg/kg) in hemiparkinsonian rats is totally dependent on the previous stimulation of supersensitive striatal dopamine receptors by a dopamine agonist (Fenu and Morelli, 1998).
2		MESH:D018491	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2733ec32-3409-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	25839898	Pramipexole (PPX) is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist activating D2/D3 dopamine receptors (Piercey, 1998).
2		UNIPROT:Q99743	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	e72cc4e6-3aa3-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	25708277	Local knockdown of NPAS2 in the NAc also abolishes diurnal expression of the D1, D2 and D3 dopamine receptors in this region[107].
2		UNIPROT:P61026	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	08cb3154-bc35-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC4546301	We propose that methamphetamine-induced redistribution of Rab10 reflects either the involvement of Rab10 in methamphetamine-induced dopamine release or downstream activation of dopamine receptor-mediated signaling.
2		MESH:D010546	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	53197310-375d-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	24355762	However, although an attractive hypothesis, differentiationper secannot explain all observations, given that neither the PRL-like molecule placental lactogen nor the dopamine receptor antagonist perphenazine protect against mammary carcinogenesis, even though both cause the mammary gland to differentiate[3,74].
2		CHEBI:17364	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	0c35fa48-882e-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	PMC7397691	Other major drug classes that target dopaminergic systems are the ergot and non-ergot dopamine agonists (DAs), which directly activate dopamine receptors, and inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors, which slow the metabolism of dopamine.
2		CHEBI:65191	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	b1fcd5d2-3917-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	24491429	Second-generation antipsychotic drugs, including blonanserin, have been shown to antagonize the functions of dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2) and serotonin receptor 2A (HTR2A).
2		CHEBI:22651	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	8403fcba-bc4a-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)00942-6	Striatal neurons, for example, are highly responsive to fluctuations in extracellular ascorbate(Gardiner et al., 1985), and systemic or intrastriatal ascorbate has been shown to enhance the behavioral effects of haloperidol(Rebec et al., 1985; White et al., 1990), a dopamine receptor antagonist and classical neuroleptic(Kane, 1999).
2		MESH:D007501	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	92f27b24-bc50-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00906-1	Moreover, in rats, iron deficiency decreases expression of dopamine receptors and the transporter in the major projection areas of nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopamine systems(Erikson et al., 2000, 2001).
2		MESH:D007501	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b2985306-3514-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	26048132	Preliminary studies also have implicated dopamine receptor abnormalities caused by genetic polymorphisms or effects of low serum iron[10].
2		MESH:D009538	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	546ba422-04c4-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116876	Nicotine exposure in male mice causes multiple generations of mice to show significant defects in dopamine receptor mRNA expression, brain monoamine content, and attention, as well as significant defects in reverse learning and behavioral changes (McCarthy et al., 2018).
2		MESH:D009538	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	865c8676-bc4a-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.10.056	This outcome could tentatively be explained by a simultaneous hexamethonium-induced prolongation of the dopamine releaseanda nicotine-induced enhancement of postsynaptic dopamine receptor sensitivity.
2		MESH:D009538	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2f362f52-3545-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	16458932	Acute nicotine administration elevates the extracellular levels of dopamine in the mesolimbic areas, especially in the nucleus accumbens (Benwell and Balfour, 1992), while the expression of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization after chronic drug treatment involves an increased drug-induced elevation of extracellular accumbal dopamine and the stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors in this area (Shim et al., 2001; Olausson et al., 2001).
2		MESH:D002220	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f7f0cef8-38ff-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	26277448	There is also evidences that in mammals carbamazepine activates dopamine receptors (Montezinho et al., 2007).
2		UNIPROT:A5PKW4	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	d749fa2e-bc53-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.06.002	As previously mentioned in our earlier report[20], it is suggested that the facilitating effects of PSD on AMP-induced locomotor stimulation is likely due to increases in D1[45]and/or D2[46]dopamine receptors in the mesolimbic dopamine system following PSD.
2		UNIPROT:Q16643	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	3ac19db0-3514-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	26519023	Loss of drebrin A decreased dendritic spine width and density, reduced memory-related-high frequency-induced synaptic strength and impairs the insertion of dopamine receptor containing complexes into PSDs[10].
2		MESH:D010640	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	86e8eef8-3390-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	10880698	It is known that dopamine receptor antagonists, such as the phenothiazines(26)and pimozide(1), can potentiate the sedative-hypnotic effects of ethanol.
2		UNIPROT:Q9H4G0	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	539e9588-bbed-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.mcn.2006.11.021	4.1G increases the surface membrane localization of the mGluR1α (Lu et al., 2004a) and parathyroid hormone receptor (Saito et al., 2005), and in neuronal cells 4.1N increases the surface membrane localization of the ionotropic GluR1 (Shen et al., 2000) and dopamine receptors (Binda et al., 2002).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	031c359e-341c-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	10215147	Alternatively, increased dopamine released into the striatum, via disinhibition of nigrostriatal projections, may enhance activity at striatopallidal dopamine receptors, which are thought to be primarily of the D2type and whose stimulation reduces cyclic-AMP and neuronal activity.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0542f64e-3351-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9452940	Due to the existing anatomical loops in the basal ganglia, the tonically released dopamine stimulates postsynaptic dopamine receptors which in turn modulate the amplitude of the phasic dopamine response (Waszczak and Walters, 1984).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	3a01355c-bbd1-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.10.029	In this respect, dopamine release evoked by amphetamine or cocaine also activates dopamine receptors in the nigro-striatal and striato-pallidal pathways, which could lead to changes in CBV mediated by locally increased neuronal activity.
2		MESH:D004298	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0394be02-c8de-11e5-a1fd-001a4ae51246	16905556	"Recovery of normal plasticity in R6/1 perirhinal cortex A reduction in dopamine release or/and reduced levels of dopamine receptor expression reported here, might be sufficient to
                         account for the altered plasticity seen in R6/1 perirhinal cortex."
2		MESH:D004298	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d88de5f4-c46d-11e5-9da3-001a4ae51247	PMC4369463	In the NAc, phasic increases in dopamine signaling activate low-affinity dopamine receptor-expressing MSNs that promote reward learning.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	21f8afbe-bbed-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC2695242	These include supplying levodopa, which serves as a substrate for creating more dopamine, administering dopamine agonists, which stimulate dopamine receptors, anticholinergic drugs, and drugs which inhibit the metabolism of endogenous (and exogenous) dopamine to increase the available supply.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8f96724c-bc45-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.09.014	Under physiological conditions, calcium-mediated vesicular release of DA into the synaptic cleft activates post-synaptic dopamine receptors of the D1, D2 types.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	865c8676-bc4a-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.10.056	This outcome could tentatively be explained by a simultaneous hexamethonium-induced prolongation of the dopamine releaseanda nicotine-induced enhancement of postsynaptic dopamine receptor sensitivity.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	45e2c000-bc41-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.05.007	The inhibitory effect of large DA doses on chemosensory activity is blocked or reversed into excitation after block of type 2 (D2) dopamine receptors[26,29].
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	1a0c116c-3c2f-11ef-b466-0050569a791b	10.1093/bjaed/mkw050	Most anti-parkinsonian drugs increase the activation of CNS dopamine receptors, either by increasing dopamine concentration or by acting as dopamine receptor agonists.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f69538c2-4564-11f0-b8fe-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102266	The sustained high dopamine levels may prolong the activation status of dopamine receptors and generate excessive downstream signaling (Lee et al., 2018; Maia and Frank, 2017), which can cause an increased population of DRD1-DRD2 heterodimer to attenuate the response induced by these strong DA signals.
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	7f1d8ab4-bbdb-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.069	For example, since activation of α-2A receptors inhibit dopamine release in the frontal cortex[57], reduction of basal DA release, could, in turn, enhance the elevation of frontal post-synaptic dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	45cdb2be-bc46-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.10.005	Indeed, the risk of developing dyskinesia in newly diagnosed patients with PD is reduced by using long-acting dopamine agonists which produce continuous dopamine receptor stimulation, so mimicking the tonic stimulation occurring under normal physiological conditions (Inzelberg et al., 2003; Rascol et al., 2000).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e98e504c-335f-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	25641130	According to previously published studies[15]ruling out a direct activation of 5-HT2receptors by 4-MA, we hypothesize that this drug promotes the release of 5-HT, which can activate 5-HT2receptors, inducing an increase of synaptic dopamine concentration that finally activates dopamine receptors and contributes to hyperlocomotion.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2f362f52-3545-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	16458932	Acute nicotine administration elevates the extracellular levels of dopamine in the mesolimbic areas, especially in the nucleus accumbens (Benwell and Balfour, 1992), while the expression of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization after chronic drug treatment involves an increased drug-induced elevation of extracellular accumbal dopamine and the stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors in this area (Shim et al., 2001; Olausson et al., 2001).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0166f442-bc22-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70600-7	7 The induction of long-term potentiation in the corticostriatal circuit depends on the activation of dopamine receptors by endogenous dopamine in both striatal projecting spiny neurons66and cholinergic interneurons67and is inhibited after dopamine depletion.68 For the induction of striatal long-term depression, D1 and D2 receptor coactivation is essential.5Synaptic long-term potentiation is also dopamine dependent in the prefrontal cortex,69hippocampus,70and amygdala.71 Endogenously produced acetylcholine has a crucial role in synaptic long-lasting changes.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	550e4dfe-bbee-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.brainres.2004.04.046	A temporary increase of extracellular dopamine levels, recently detected by microdialysis in the striatum of mutant hamsters during the manifestation of dystonic attacks[14], could be assumed to cause an enhanced stimulation of dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d24518d2-3385-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26616870	As for genetic evidence, the frequency of dopamine D2 receptor polymorphisms in IBD was similar in different groups of disease localization, behavior, and age of disease onset, supporting an involvement of dopamine receptors in IBD (Magro et al., 2006).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8e408ffc-bc2e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.tins.2006.12.003	This might explain whyl-dopa is more effective than direct dopamine agonists, which tonically increase dopamine receptor stimulation.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5fefda50-bc28-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC4276371	The symptoms usually appear when approximately 60% of the dopamine producing neurons are lost.8,9PD is ranked as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease.10Unfortunately, no therapeutic curative regimen has been devised yet.9One of the most prominent treatments for PD is the use of dopamine agonists which mimic the natural action of dopamine in the brain and stimulate dopamine receptors directly.11These dopamine agonists will meet the dopamine requirement of the brain and help in bringing about the restoration of normal functionality of the remaining dopaminergic neurons.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8364ac32-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)00776-2	It could be that dopamine receptors are somehow activated by continuous inhibition of either norepinephrine or serotonin uptake, in addition to dopamine, and that this activation is blocked by a D1receptor antagonist.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	7f629f9a-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.021	When expressed in mammalian cells, T14E8.3 and C52B11.2 exhibited dopamine-induced inhibition and activation of cAMP formation, respectively (M. Sugiura, S. S., and S. I., manuscript in preparation), indicating that these two genes encode functional dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	64b6c5aa-bc4e-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbamcr.2004.01.005	A recent report suggests that the abundance of striatal RGS9-2 is increased in Parkinson's disease[9], a disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine stimulation of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	9044259c-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0006-8993(03)02623-4	This effect induced byl-arginine in morphine-conditioned animals may be due to dopamine receptor sensitivity induced by the repeated administration of morphine[51], or NO, which enhances postsynaptic dopamine receptors sensitivity[26]and release of dopamine byl-arginine[34,35,56,58].
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a4616d7c-bc4e-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.conb.2006.10.003	Observations in dopamine-depleted animals Dopamine receptor antagonism or dopamine depletion modulates the response of the STN to cortical and GPe input.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	54a77694-3815-11e6-b56c-001a4ae51246	PMC4346508	Consistent with these findings, pharmacological inhibition of PKC in the NAc shell both in the absence and in the presence of dopamine receptor stimulation by extracellular dopamine reduced the amplitude of AMPA receptor-mediated evoked excitatory currents in D1DR-positive and the majority of D2DR-positive MSNs.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	73b3aa3a-352a-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	25760536	As exogenous DA is difficult to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB),[38]dopamine receptors in peripheral system may be activated by administration of DA[6–9].
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	11a6ec42-d51c-11ee-9aaa-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.09.004	The two most common classes of drugs are the dopamine agonists, which stimulate dopamine receptors in the brain, and levodopa (l-DOPA)-containing drugs where thel-DOPA is taken up by dopaminergic neurons in the brain, converted to dopamine and released.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	7c9c3cbc-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.011	Dopamine, at concentrations in the nM–low μM range, activates dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e70cc468-376d-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	16325856	Low doses of dopamine stimulate dopamine receptors, intermediate doses beta-adrenergic receptors, and high doses also alpha-receptors [6, 7].
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f222582d-f58c-11eb-8c9e-001a4a160175	30099340	Moreover, the reuptake of dopamine neurotransmitter is inhibited by Meth, giving rise to an abundance of dopamine remaining in the synapse for a prolonged period and activating the dopamine receptors [23].
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e5d25e5c-391e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	8931027	The data presented in this study indicate that injection of adrenal chromaffin cells attached to microcarriers provides sufficient dopamine to prevent dopamine receptor supersensitivity.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a96c3c46-d483-11e5-9c91-001a4ae51247	PMC4505366	Functionally, transgenic animals showed a 46% increase in the rate of dopamine uptake and a 40% decrease in extracellular dopamine levels, which led to up-regulation of post-synaptic dopamine receptors (Salahpour et al., 2008; Kile et al., 2012; Calipari et al., 2013; Ghisi et al., 2009).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2b1d4928-3545-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	16458973	It is evident that chronic treatment withl-DOPA or dopamine agonists causes alterations in dopamine receptor signaling in addition to the changes observed in dopamine receptor expression levels.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a6d0858a-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainres.2005.09.045	It is also the main site at which catecholamines act to produce anorexia[29], and PFH application of drugs that increase synaptic dopamine concentration produces a dopamine receptor-dependent suppression of NPY-elicited eating[19], suggesting that this area may be a key site for antagonistic interactions between dopamine and NPY in feeding control.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8d16c742-bc45-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0169-328X(01)00223-6	Therefore, the increased levels of synaptic dopamine produced by cocaine that excessively stimulates dopamine receptors on the hypothalamic CRH neurosecretory cells, could be responsible for the decreased CRH mRNA levels observed in our cocaine studies.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c6d7240a-341a-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	17316702	However, chronic hyperprolactinemia is related to sexual dysfunction (Cruz-Casallas et al., 1999), when the prolonged stimulation of central dopamine transmission can cause hyposensitivity or down regulation of dopamine receptor systems (Mohankumar et al., 1997), leading to sexual dysfunction.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	deb18eaa-377e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10791690	Irrespective of their target, effect on post-synaptic dopamine receptors, or stimulation of dopamine release[8], they could prevent the consequences of the blockade of post-synaptic dopamine receptors, such as depletion of dopamine vesicles, if these disturbances were induced separately, but not if both dopamine functions were simultaneously inhibited.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	aa4d196c-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainres.2005.01.082	Thus, overactivation of D1 dopamine receptors caused by excessive release of dopamine in striatum may in turn cause overactivation of the NMDA receptors and hinder MAPK function.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d0097db2-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0166-4328(01)00467-3	Contrary to expected, the result observed with 2 mg/kg dose was not effective to decrease the DA synthesis and turnover, suggesting that the increased endogenous dopamine could activate dopamine receptors in a more pronounced way than the exogenous agonist apomorphine.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8463197a-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01385-1	At postsynaptic terminals, prostaglandins are reported to inhibit the depolarization-induced release of dopamine, and antagonize the physiological effects of dopamine receptor activation(Schwarz et al., 1982; Westfall and Kitay, 1977).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4a0c2eac-d468-11e5-b157-001a4ae51247	PMC4739740	Modeling studies of the primate cortex suggest even without dopamine neuron burst firing, cortical dopamine levels should be at high enough concentrations to effectively activate dopamine receptors in their high affinity state even at locations distant from dopamine release sites through diffusion (Spühler and Hauri, 2013).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8e504e56-bc2e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.tins.2007.03.002	We now understand that the dopamine-stimulated adenylyl cyclase represents a model of the D1 dopamine receptor, whereas the binding of radiolabelled spiperone or other potent neuroleptics reflects the D2 dopamine receptor.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b476a9a2-390b-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	25446354	The dopamine D2 antagonist, sulpiride may block presynaptic dopamine D2 receptors, and so releases dopamine, that in turn, activates postsynaptic dopamine receptors and thus decreases the formation of memory acquisition.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8a13216a-bc2e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.tins.2013.09.003	L-DOPA is a DA replacement therapy that causes dramatic, rapid improvement of DRD.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8e7d4e6a-bc2e-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00065-1	The patterns of dopamine release that lead to activation of different dopamine receptors, and how this activation induces synaptic plasticity, are not well understood.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	43458ff0-391f-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	8997605	The repeated stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors elicited by dopamine released by amphetamine could result in a compensatory reduction in dopaminergic activity which persists longer than the acute effect of the drug.
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8bc1cd2e-bc4f-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.appet.2011.07.008	After an extended period of time, dopamine activity could be increased, causing a subsequent reduction in dopamine receptors and a decrease in the reinforcing properties of food.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	573deef6-bfb4-11e7-b059-001a4a160175	PMC5685426	Altered gene expression is one mechanism by which drugs of abuse can alter behavior, and D1 dopamine receptors are key genetic players.Thanoset al. (2001)showed that an increase in the availability of dopamine during psychostimulant use stimulates the postsynaptic dopamine receptors, particularly D1 dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	818576ee-c46a-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	PMC4219929	Mechanistically, starvation causes dopamine release in the SOG (see below), which activates dopamine receptors (DopEcR) at Gr5a axon terminals to facilitate Ca2+influx (Figure 2c) [48••].
2		MESH:D004298	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d9a3cd96-bbe9-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.023	Therefore, the increased amphetamine-induced activation of mice lacking Adh4 suggests an increased sensitivity of postsynaptic dopamine receptors, an over-expression of dopamine receptors or increased amphetamine-induced striatal dopamine levels.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	48ad6c8a-8663-11f0-b8fe-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147266	Abnormal striatal dopamine level induces postsynaptic molecular changes at dopamine receptors, altered firing activity in basal ganglia neurons and subsequent motor complications following DA denervation in PD and long‐term L‐DOPA treatment (Calabresi et al., 2008).
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0f542b14-3944-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	15733934	This effect would involve a dopamine receptor super-sensitivity caused by the loss of DA terminals and resulting in a significant reduction of DA levels in the 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum.
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	52195c52-2d3f-11f0-a2ca-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00109-5	We surmise from our data that the dopamine levels achieved in this study may be responsible for stimulation of the dopamine receptor, type 1 (DA1), as well as for low grade beta1receptor effects ([2]).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	83b5899c-bc3e-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0306-4522(01)00390-6	In such rats, amphetamine, by increasing dopamine release predominantly in the intact striatum, induces ipsiversive circling (i.e., towards the lesioned side), while the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine produces contraversive turning, which is explained by denervation-induced dopamine receptor supersensitivity in the lesioned striatum (Hudson et al., 1993).
2		MESH:D004298	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0c35fa48-882e-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	PMC7397691	Other major drug classes that target dopaminergic systems are the ergot and non-ergot dopamine agonists (DAs), which directly activate dopamine receptors, and inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors, which slow the metabolism of dopamine.
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0576f74c-d8f4-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1053/j.mppsy.2006.04.001	Dopaminergic neurotransmission is involved in the mediation of pathological trauma responses and the DAT gene alters reuptake of dopamine released into the synaptic cleft, thereby limiting the extent and duration of dopamine receptor activation.
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f0b0c0c0-392d-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	9518585	Our study implies that the diminished circling response which follows repeated short-terml-DOPA administration is due to a dopamine-conditioned loss of dopamine receptor sensitivity.
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4a3ae112-3360-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	25575945	However, this was an unexpected finding because we speculated that dopamine receptor densities in the PFC would be downregulated by increased dopamine release in the PFC by social defeat stress (Tidey and Miczek, 1996).
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	cd6a2496-1b23-11f0-85c3-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115918	TS is likely due to disruptions in various neurotransmitters including upregulation of dopamine receptors caused by chronic dopamine blockade, altered amino acid metabolism and GABA activity, and NMDA receptor excitotoxicity (Ward and Citrome, 2018).
2		MESH:D004298	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6a158e1c-aba6-11e6-9646-001a4ae51246	PMC4558197	Our dopamine antagonist results are consistent with many earlier studies showing that reduction of dopamine function within the NAc only minimally reduces consumption of freely available food, if at all: neither blockade of dopamine receptors in the NAc nor depletion of dopamine from the NAc using the toxin 6-hydroxydopamine causes food consumption to be reduced[54–60].
2		CHEBI:50114	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	8d4cdb7c-3757-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	PMC4983202	However, it has been demonstrated in rats that OVX significantly increases Drd 2 receptor density and DA binding in the NAc brain region, which is normalized with estrogen replacement[39]; indeed other reports show that estrogen decreases Drd 2 receptor density in the NAc[40].
2		CHEBI:50114	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	2a94c4dc-bc29-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.08.009	Estrogen increases the number of dopamine receptors[5], increases dopamine intake in specific brain areas[6]and decreases dopamine catabolism[7].
2		CHEBI:16301	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	0fe91a4c-ca5d-11e5-9088-001a4ae51247	12738794	However, both SKF R-38393-generated nitrite production and cell death were blocked upon co-incubation of cells with SCH 23390 (Fig. 3C), confirming the direct participation of D1 dopamine receptors in the SKF R-38393-induced production of NO associated with enhanced cell death.
2		FPLX:PKC	phosphorylatesProtein	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	41b8fc62-bc1c-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	PMC3872320	In addition, ethanol inhibition of PKC can prevent augmentation of NMDA response (Reneau et al., 2011), and reduce D1 dopamine receptor phosphorylation (Rex et al., 2008).
2		FPLX:PKC	phosphorylatesProtein	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	691d4b00-c478-11e5-9cc6-001a4ae51246	21303898	"For dopamine receptors, it has been demonstrated that PKC can mediate the phosphorylation, desensitization, and internalization
                         of D2 dopamine receptors (Namkung and Sibley, 2004) and D3 dopamine receptors (Cho et al., 2007)."
2		MESH:D013438	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4e12739c-bbf6-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S1096-4959(02)00285-3	Reduction of thiol groups of membrane proteins potentiated an inhibitory action of dopamine receptors on coupled G proteins, which in turn stabilized the agonist binding with receptors.
2		MESH:D000641	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	79c7fc10-1bd6-11f0-bb75-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105743	It has been reported that ammonia activates AMPKviathe dopamine receptor D3 (29).
2		UNIPROT:Q9UD71	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	ce7e2abc-bc05-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.09.003	Using knockout mice, it was found that DARPP-32 triggers dopamine receptor evoked signaling leading to activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, CREB and c-fos[21].
2		CHEBI:67040	methylatesProtein	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	0acbc27a-bbd1-11e5-80fb-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neures.2003.11.010	The result that approximately 80% of SAM interaction with receptor proteins was not reversible indicates that SAM may methylate dopamine receptor proteins by the formation of carboxyl-methyl esters of the dopamine receptor protein complex.
2		UNIPROT:P10768	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	9075ec50-e9f0-11ef-b449-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ynstr.2025.100707	Septal Drd3 signaling in ESD-induced social deficits Dopamine receptor 3 (Drd3), a member of the D2-like receptor family, has been implicated in social deficits observed in psychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (Staal et al., 2012).
2		UNIPROT:Q96RJ0	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	7515def6-3409-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25721394	Lack of TAAR1 modulates D2 dopamine receptor expression in the striatum Previous studies have documented TAAR1 expression in several brain regions, including the striatum, with some discrepancies reported likely due to the low level of TAAR1 expression in most areas (Di Cara et al., 2011; Lindemann et al., 2008).
2		UNIPROT:Q8N6M6	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	a9a471cc-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainres.2005.08.053	We assume that APO activates the same dopamine receptors that are engaged by dopamine that is released physiologically and that the main difference between the two is that APO activates receptors chronically, whereas dopamine activates them in a phasic manner, e.g.
2		PUBCHEM:53481368	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	8463197a-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01385-1	Prostaglandins are reported to induce cataleptic behaviour in rats by modulating the presynaptic dopamine receptors(Ono et al., 1992).
2		MESH:D010455	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6e5828e2-3555-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10715564	The same interpretation might also be used to explain the inability of ω-conotoxin injected into the paraventricular nucleus to prevent ACTH(1-24)-induced stretching, yawning and penile erection, despite the ability of the peptide toxin to prevent oxytocin- and dopamine receptor agonist-induced responses[6].
2		MESH:D051379	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	1efcbb96-c46e-11e5-91a7-001a4ae51247	PMC4107019	NTS1 activation blocks dopamine receptor-mediated hyperlocomotion To determine if NTS1 activation inhibits D2R-mediated hyperlocomotion, mice were pretreated with PD149163 15 min prior to administration of a D2R-selective agonist bromocriptine (8 mg/kg,i.p.
2		MESH:D051379	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	546ba422-04c4-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116876	Nicotine exposure in male mice causes multiple generations of mice to show significant defects in dopamine receptor mRNA expression, brain monoamine content, and attention, as well as significant defects in reverse learning and behavioral changes (McCarthy et al., 2018).
2		MESH:D051379	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d38ca362-3403-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26093041	However, these mice have an increased sensitivity to behavioral and neurochemical effects of amphetamine, impaired sensorimotor gating and increased proportion of post synaptic high affinity D2 dopamine receptors in the striatum.
2		MESH:D051379	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	288414bc-bbf3-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC3496082	Supporting the potential in vivo significance of this mechanism in neurons, genetic knockout of the originally identified GASP protein (GPRASP1) in mice blocked cocaine-induced downregulation of D2 dopamine receptors in the brain (Thompson et al., 2010).
2		MESH:D012701	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d2ed104e-3ab2-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9721020	In vitro data are less consistent: [3H]5-HT release from the forebrain was unaffected by stimulation of dopamine receptors in some studies (Baumann and Waldmeier, 1981;Feuerstein et al., 1986), and increased in others (Kelly et al., 1985;Balfour and Iyaniwura, 1985).
2		MESH:D012701	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8054a266-3904-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	28692863	In the mesolimbic pathway, serotonin antagonism is unable to reverse the dopamine receptor antagonism, so, risperidone is able to reduce positive symptoms of psychosis.
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c5798712-335f-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	25638025	However, while apomorphine directly activates dopamine receptors, amphetamine acts by promoting the release of monoamines.
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b8c40ad8-d423-11e7-b617-001a4a160176	PMC5703459	The decrease of apomorphine-induced circling behavior supports the hypersensitivity reduction of postsynaptic dopamine receptors possibly caused by their continuous activation by dopamine levels, which were high in the striatum of rats transfected with NRTN-His gene.
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c315e1ae-bc4d-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.10.019	Accordingly, either apomorphine, which stimulates all dopamine receptor subtypes, or PD-168077, which stimulates selectively dopamine D4 receptors (Heier et al., 1997) (but seeGlase et al., 1997), injected into the PVN increase dopamine concentration in the nucleus accumbens dialysate.
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	fa2546b8-3ab2-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9797027	At higher doses than those stimulating dopamine autoreceptors, apomorphine also stimulates post-synaptic dopamine receptors and thus restores the dopaminergic tone.
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	989da60a-390a-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25464888	Moreover, the number of rotations – which represents the behavioral pattern in experimental Parkinsonism model – was found to be significantly increased in rotenone-infused group due to the apomorphine-induced dopamine receptor up-regulation and was found to be significantly decreased with EPO treatment.
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d7a38388-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2010.07.023	Changed apomorphine-induced rotation behavior after 6-OHDA lesion and transplantation Apomorphine directly stimulates postsynaptic dopamine receptors[5].
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	963269f8-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.05.028	Thus, apomorphine probably penetrates the blood brain barrier to the limbic system and activates dopamine receptors (D1and D2) to increase locomotor activity (Mittleman et al., 1993; Van Ree et al., 1989), with a concurrent activation of dopamine (D2) receptors in the area postrema to induce emesis (see above for references).
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8bfc2028-bc4a-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02817-0	In the present study, GMC1111 was found to decrease the apomorphine-induced rotations in unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned marmosets if given s.c., an effect which was most clearly seen in the low-rotating group of monkeys and which suggests a dopamine receptor antagonist action of the drug.
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f0aaf052-392b-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	9221938	Repeated ketamine pre-treatment has minor effects on spontaneous behavior in the rat and is associated with a behavioral supersensitivity to apomorphine-induced dopamine receptor stimulation[16].
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	cff10e72-3904-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	28739380	When dose levels are increased (>0.2mg/kg), apomorphine increases post-synaptic dopamine receptor stimulation and functions as a dopamine agonist and psychostimulant drug (Mattingly et al., 1988a,b; Rowlett et al., 1997).
2		MESH:D001058	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0347ddcc-3780-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	10462108	DCG-IV was found to significantly block behavioral responses to direct stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors by a D1/D2agonist apomorphine.
2		MESH:D001058	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4cb63cfe-3390-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	10650159	Namely, amphetamine acts by releasing dopamine while apomorphine stimulates dopamine receptors.
2		UNIPROT:O95971	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	b540db00-5cbb-11e7-af4d-001a4ae51247	PMC4695240	Local application of substance P, a natural NK1 receptor agonist, activates 5-HT neurons in the DRD/DRC, but suppresses activation of other DR subdivisions (Valentino and Commons, 2005).
2		UNIPROT:P55089	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	32b219d2-374a-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	26141847	For example, the DRD and DRC are activated by multiple anxiogenic drugs (Abrams et al., 2005), central injection of Ucn 2 (Staub et al., 2005, 2006; Hale et al., 2010), and fear-potentiated startle (Spannuth et al., 2011).
2		CHEBI:78509	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	a4447a8e-f58b-11eb-8c3d-001a4a160175	30922767	paradigm of MPA induces neurotoxicity, and whether MPA activates dopamine receptors.
2		UNIPROT:P42357	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	66c5f174-353f-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9408194	According to the known effect that reduced haloperidol at the sigma receptor alters synaptic processes of glutamatergic transmission[3], a possible role of these receptors in the modulation of Hal-induced dopamine receptor supersesitivity should be considered, but further experiments are necessary.
2		UNIPROT:P42357	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	66c5f174-353f-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9408194	It is known that Hal, when given chronically, blocks the dopamine receptors on striatal neurons, resulting in an elevation of dopamine receptor density (receptor supersensitivity).
2		MESH:D006219	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	5ae07164-0cbe-11f0-bb75-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00158-8	The placement of an additional halogen, however, in the opposite R2position markedly decreased the dopamine receptor agonist properties of the resulting NBF-234 compound.
2		MESH:D000077465	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	587a22a6-3405-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	28624433	Dopamine agonists: bromocriptine, pramipexole, cabergoline Dopamine agonists activate dopamine receptors in the absence of its endogenous ligand and are commonly used to treat hypodopaminergic conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease (Stocchi et al., 2016).
2		UNIPROT:P35270	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	8a13216a-bc2e-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.tins.2013.09.003	There are also less frequent recessive forms of DRD caused by mutations inTH(tyrosine hydroxylase) orSPR(sepiapterin reductase).
2		CHEBI:8888	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	53e8d134-3409-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	25816790	The dopamine D2 class agonists, such as rotigotine, ropinirole and pramipexole aim to replace dopamine in the biophase and stimulate the post-synaptic dopamine receptors, in a manner largely independent of endogenous neuronal activity.
2		MESH:D012769	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d9a3d202-392b-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	9228409	These results suggest that dizocilpine is able to prevent the development of behavioural supersensitivity to dopamine receptor agonists induced by repeated electroconvulsive shock, but not to suppress it after its development.
2		UNIPROT:P01236	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	d3f6caf0-bc53-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.02.019	In the lactotroph, estrogen stimulates prolactin gene transcription[51]and decreases the sensitivity of the lactotroph to dopamine by reducing the number of dopamine receptors[48].
2		CHEBI:25512	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	c1990b30-392d-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	9570458	Cocaine inhibits the reuptake of dopamine, and the resulting increase of synaptic levels of this neurotransmitter stimulates dopamine receptors in the intact nigrostriatal tract.
2		CHEBI:25512	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	f222582d-f58c-11eb-8c9e-001a4a160175	30099340	Moreover, the reuptake of dopamine neurotransmitter is inhibited by Meth, giving rise to an abundance of dopamine remaining in the synapse for a prolonged period and activating the dopamine receptors [23].
2		UNIPROT:O60936	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	5a93aa08-c8e6-11e5-9624-001a4ae51246	17981809	Arc protein levels were significantly increased in hippocampal neurons by forskolin, 8-Br-cAMP, NMDA, SKF-38393, and isoproterenol treatment, which specifically activate ACs, cAMP-dependent enzymes, NMDA receptors, D1/D5 dopamine receptors, and β-adrenergic receptors, respectively.
2		IP:IPR011822	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	f222582d-f58c-11eb-8c9e-001a4a160175	30099340	Moreover, the reuptake of dopamine neurotransmitter is inhibited by Meth, giving rise to an abundance of dopamine remaining in the synapse for a prolonged period and activating the dopamine receptors [23].
2		MESH:D000661	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	585833f2-f02f-11ee-8b99-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.cnr.2003.10.014	Thus, drugs that are known to increase dopamine receptor stimulation, such as amphetamine or L-dihydrosophenylalanine (L-DOPA), are known to mimic positive symptoms in normal individuals[4]and to exacerbate these symptoms in schizophrenia patients[5].
2		MESH:D000661	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b9f997dc-0d0b-11f0-a2ca-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00102-5	A role for D1/D5-dopamine receptors in modulating ketamine effects may be consistent with the fact that both haloperiodol, which blocks D2/D4receptors(Lévesque et al. 1992; Van Tol et al. 1991), and amphetamine, which causes the stimulation of all dopamine receptors, reduce aspects of the behavioral effects of ketamine.
2		MESH:D000661	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a6639d20-bc4e-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.conb.2007.01.007	Inhibitors of PDE4 might also have potential as cognitive enhancers and antipsychotic drugs, because these agents can reverse both the amnesia deficits associated with NMDA receptor antagonism [43,44] and the psychotic disturbances associated with amphetamine stimulation of dopamine receptors [45].
2		MESH:D020106	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	df02ebee-bc54-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.etp.2010.06.006	calamusprevented acrylamide-induced hind limb paralysis, decreased GSH and GST, increased dopamine receptors in the corpus striatum.
2		UNIPROT:P21728	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	d9a843fc-ac35-11e6-a16f-001a4ae51246	PMC4968408	A first hint came from study of cytoplasmic cAMP accumulation elicited by agonist-induced activation of the D1 dopamine receptor (DRD1).
2		UNIPROT:P21728	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	0349883c-353e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9653875	On the other hand, the adenosine A1receptor agonist CPA behaved qualitatively different from dopamine D1receptor antagonists, which are known to antagonize these three types of dopamine receptor agonist-mediated behavioural responses at low doses (Arnt et al., 1987;Longoni et al. 1987a, b;Serra et al., 1987;Wachtel et al., 1992).
2		UNIPROT:P14416	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	85c3111c-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.06.059	Proteins that mediate the signaling profile of the dopamine D2receptor Activation of dopamine receptors is known to impact various cellular pathways.
2		MESH:D010479	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e70ed55c-bc07-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.parkreldis.2007.06.015	For example, a study conducted in MPTP-lesioned common marmosets that compared equieffective doses of levodopa, apomorphine and pergolide showed that apomorphine, which has similar pharmacokinetic characteristics to levodopa and a rapid onset of action, clearly induced pulsatile stimulation of dopamine receptors, but induced levels of dyskinesia significantly lower than those produced by levodopa and similar to those seen following pergolide treatment[67].
2		IP:IPR001902	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	488f1d52-3954-11e8-a34b-001a4a160175	10082228	In this study, SCH 23390 known as the D1dopamine receptor antagonist (Meller et al., 1985) and the D2-like dopamine receptor antagonist SULP administered for 14 days produced similar, significant decreases in NPY-LI content, which indicates that the dopaminergic system through these receptors is involved in maintaining the basal NPY levels (Fig. 7).
2		CHEBI:33569	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	8094bd26-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01250-X	It must be pointed out that the opposite has also been described (i.e. the activation of dopamine receptors by noradrenaline) since in cat retinal ganglion cells, noradrenaline has been shown to activate D2dopamine receptors(Robbins et al., 1988).
2		FPLX:PDGF	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	159f6a0e-bbf3-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00859-0	Interestingly, βARK(CT) failed to block the PDGF-induced depression of NMDAR currents, confirming that Gβγsubunits are upstream of PDGFR transactivation but downstream of the D2/D4 dopamine receptor.
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8b25ff20-3510-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	26639667	Our current study demonstrates that the non-selective D2, D3, D4 dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol blocked completely the effect of NPAF on memory suggesting that – in addition to the above mentioned neurotransmissions – the intact D2, D3, D4 dopaminergic transmission is also obligatory for the stimulatory action of NPAF on memory.
2		MESH:D006220	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e7d78a5e-376d-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	16324748	Indeed neonatal rats are known to be sensitive to neuroactive pharmaceuticals such as haloperidol, which causes similarly enduring changes in dopamine receptor-mediated behavior that persist into adulthood (Thiel et al., 1989), and postnatal administration of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor chlorpyrifos also produces lasting abnormalities (Roy et al., 2004).
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b6b8ff00-bbfc-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0741-8329(02)00326-9	Many dopamine receptor antagonists such as haloperidol were found to display a high affinity for sigma receptors as well as dopamine D2receptors, raising the possibility that some of the therapeutic actions of typical antipsychotic agents involve activation of sigma receptors [seeDebonnel (1993)for review].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	45c00f9c-bbfb-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0924-977X(03)00004-X	In agreement with the present results, it has been shown that clozapine can block catalepsy induced by the unselective dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (Murphy and Feldon, 2000) and the selective dopamine D2/3receptor antagonist loxapine (Kalkman et al., 1997).
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	9290913a-bc45-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0169-328X(02)00518-1	This is in agreement with the finding that a chronic treatment with the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol down regulates both syt IV and I in the nucleus accumbens[24].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	eb435e42-3953-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	10924660	Current approaches The typical antipsychotic drugs, e.g., haloperidol, block the activity of dopamine receptors but fail to improve the negative symptoms of flattening of affect and social withdrawal, and virtually all have unwanted side effects(Iversen 1999).
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	82522cd8-340d-11e8-8f56-001a4a160175	24726699	The combination of apomorphine and haloperidol was used to block the Dopamine receptor by latter drug and observe the effects of apomorphine agonist action on the aforementioned receptor.
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	b05167a2-352a-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	25779971	A dopamine receptor antagonist such as prochlorperazine, haloperidol or metoclopramide is generally used to treat opioid-induced nausea and vomiting[7].
2		MESH:D006220	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6f63b392-3554-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10208369	Our conclusion, that motivational capacity is maintained during haloperidol-induced dopamine receptor antagonist challenge, is also supported by observations of neuroleptic-treated subjects engaged in operant responding for reinforcement [e.g.,(33,35,36,39,56,89)].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	ebd33c42-0d86-11f0-bb75-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0028-3908(98)00215-9	Dopamine receptor blockade by haloperidol has been shown to increase the turnover of dopamine by monoamine oxidase resulting in increased production of hydrogen peroxide (Cohen and Spina, 1989).
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	af082fb4-bbe9-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.bbr.2006.04.010	By contrast, dopamine receptor antagonists, such as haloperidol, inhibit maternalretrievalandlicking, whilst increasingnursingbehaviour[21].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c99688e4-bc4d-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0028-3908(02)00070-9	The D1/D2 dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol, and the D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride failed to abolish the stimulant effects of modafinil in rodents (Duteil et al., 1990; Simon et al., 1995) and in cats (Lin et al., 1992).
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	48f94038-3954-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	10082226	For example, the α2-adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine (Taylor et al., 1988) and the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (Berthold et al., 1989) have been reported to potentiate precipitated jumping behaviour at doses considered to be sedative.
2		MESH:D006220	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	119ac4e8-392e-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	9067454	It is known that chronic haloperidol treatment upregulates nucleus accumbens dopamine receptors in the rat[22], and that other neuropeptides, such as neurotensin, that interact with brain dopaminergic systems[6, 24], are modified in the nucleus accumbens by chronic haloperidol[9, 15].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2e353fa8-392d-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9345853	Significantly, a similar synergism is observed betweenl-dopa and KF17837 (orally administered) under conditions of both reserpine-induced dopamine depletion and haloperidol-induced dopamine receptor block[46], with low doses of the A2Aantagonist potentiating the anti-cataleptic effects of low doses ofl-dopa in both models (Fig. 4).
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	94697f76-bc4a-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.05.043	Classically, catalepsy is produced by dopamine receptor antagonists such as haloperidol (Kanes et al., 1993; Marchese et al., 2003), although drugs from other classes produce catalepsy as well.
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	1fbcee98-bc08-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0196-9781(03)00123-2	Among them, dopaminergic neurotransmission plays an important role in PPI because the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine markedly inhibits PPI, while the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol reverses the apomorphine-induced attenuation of PPI[5].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	90bb3dbe-bc41-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.neucom.2006.10.065	Bickford-Wimer et al. (1990)[3]have shown that the amphetamine-induced reduction of gating in hippocampus (in rats) was antagonised by the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol.
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	a824ac90-bbee-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.brainres.2004.10.038	It is well known that haloperidol blocks dopamine receptors[18]and the concomitant increase in the turnover of this amine may contribute to haloperidol neurotoxicity due to the generation of free radicals and the increase in lipoperoxidation products[27,66,70].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	71ce2ac6-d9cd-11ee-b346-0050569a791b	10.1016/S0169-328X(98)00233-2	The AMPH-induced increase of striatal CaM is blocked by pretreatment of rats with either the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol or the NMDA antagonist MK-801[10], drugs that will block the induction of sensitization[29, 38, 39].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	d279ccb4-bbe9-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/S0166-4328(02)00039-6	Apomorphine-induced disruption of PPI is reversed by systemic treatment with the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol[23].
2		MESH:D006220	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	dc98480a-3901-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	26455877	Additionally, systemic administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol increased AEPs in response to loud tones (i.e., unconditioned stimuli)[6].
2		MESH:D016202	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	43b25688-bc46-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.01.018	Consequently, glutamate receptor antagonists, in particularN-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists have been shown to potentiate the actions of levodopa and dopamine receptor agonists in animal models of PD suggesting that such compounds might be beneficial for treating PD(Klockgether and Turski, 1990).
2		PF:PF02829	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	1563a4a6-3c55-11ef-be44-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0969-8051(97)00170-4	Theex vivoARG of the rat brain with [O-methyl-11C]NE-100 had a similar distribution pattern compared to thein vitroARG of the rat brain with [3H]haloperidol in the presence of spiperone, which blocked the dopamine receptors[4].
2		MESH:D007037	decreases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	deab0c72-bc53-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0031-9384(02)00815-6	Hypothyroidism induces the loss of dopamine receptors in the developing brain[34], which might sensitise them.
2		FPLX:RXR	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	41605b10-bbfa-11e5-9b9d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.aanat.2012.06.006	Supporting this notion, some evidences suggest that RARβ, RXRβ, and RXRγ modulate locomotor behaviour by regulating the expression of dopamine receptors in the adult striatum (Krezel et al., 1998).
2		FPLX:RXR	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	aff3cd90-cb28-11e5-8189-001a4ae51246	PMC58795	"Supporting this
                            notion, evidence suggests that RARβ, RXRβ, and RXRγ modulate
                            locomotor behavior by regulating the expression of dopamine receptors
                            in the adult striatum (11)."
2		MESH:D003042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	0bfd8c16-3c67-11f0-afc2-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108215	Modulation by cocaine of dopamine receptors through miRNA-133b in zebrafish embryos.
2		MESH:D003042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	36266c96-aba3-11e6-90f5-001a4ae51247	PMC4554881	A likely reason why acquisition of cocaine and sucrose self-administration was attenuated by blocking dopamine receptors is due to impairment of responding, which would lead to reduced consumption.
2		MESH:D003042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	c2120a08-3388-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	24953280	Cocaine activate cAMP/PKA and ERK signal transduction pathways, and, ultimately, pCREB by upregulating dopamine receptors in the NAcc (Ferre, 2010).
2		MESH:D003042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	bd9639dc-5cbe-11e7-9833-001a4ae51246	PMC4633384	Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine from the synapse via the dopamine transporter (DAT) and thereby enhances postsynaptic activation of dopamine receptors in target regions of the VTA.
2		MESH:D003042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	4ce72da0-353e-11e8-b868-001a4a160176	9851550	The results from the present study are consistent with recovery of any cocaine-induced dopamine receptor changes within months of the last cocaine exposure.
2		MESH:D003042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	802bee42-3554-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	10210176	In the case of cocaine administration, an activation of mu-opioid receptors may be caused by rapidly released opioid peptides mediated by cocaine-induced activation of dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D003042	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2bc550b4-3ab3-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	9716934	As noted above, there are a variety of studies showing prenatal exposure to cocaine can modulate dopamine receptor function, but outcomes differ markedly.
2		MESH:D003042	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	25f7df68-ae94-11ec-840e-0050569a791b	PMCPMC8880706	To explore this, we investigated whether (1) acute administration of cocaine changes peripheral skin or core body temperature in rats, (2) the increased peripheral skin temperature following cocaine injection is prevented by pretreatment with certain dopamine receptor antagonists, (3) dopamine receptor agonists can elevate peripheral body temperature, and (4) cocaine or a dopamine D2 agonist affect the size of skin blood vessels, or the expression of dopamine D2 receptors.
2		MESH:D002746	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	6fc53498-3390-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	10642112	These include, but are not limited to, the cannabinoid receptor agonist Δ-9-THC[19], the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine[9], the catecholamine releasing agent amphetamine[20], the μ-opioid receptor agonist morphine[21], the GABA receptor agonists diazepam and pentobarbital[4,22], the serotonin receptor agonist LSD[8], the NMDA receptor channel antagonist phencyclidine[6], the serotonin releasing agent methylenedioxymethamphetamine[7], the NMDA receptor channel antagonist MK-801[2], and the dopamine receptor antagonist chlorpromazine[3].
2		MESH:D013739	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8968d5d0-3746-11e8-87fd-001a4a160176	26232868	Our studies in rodents also find that testosterone triggers a positive feedback loop to change the level of dopamine receptors and breakdown enzymes and dopamine transporters via AR action (Purves-Tyson et al., 2012, 2014).
2		MESH:D007980	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	606394f6-bc12-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC4267205	The mechanisms behind differences between pulsatile and continuous L-dopa are not entirely clear, but it is supposed that pulsatile L-dopa induces non-physiological activation of dopamine receptors, especially D1 dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D007980	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	11a6ec42-d51c-11ee-9aaa-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.09.004	The two most common classes of drugs are the dopamine agonists, which stimulate dopamine receptors in the brain, and levodopa (l-DOPA)-containing drugs where thel-DOPA is taken up by dopaminergic neurons in the brain, converted to dopamine and released.
2		MESH:D007980	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	e70ed55c-bc07-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.parkreldis.2007.06.015	However, it should be noted that there is evidence that other properties of levodopa in addition to abnormal pulsatile stimulation of dopamine receptors may be involved in the induction of dyskinesia[66].
2		MESH:D007980	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	585833f2-f02f-11ee-8b99-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.cnr.2003.10.014	Thus, drugs that are known to increase dopamine receptor stimulation, such as amphetamine or L-dihydrosophenylalanine (L-DOPA), are known to mimic positive symptoms in normal individuals[4]and to exacerbate these symptoms in schizophrenia patients[5].
2		MESH:D007980	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	2abb0962-3954-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10064831	The results of this study suggest that serine phosphorylation contributes to NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal plasticity and more specifically to the altered motor responses associated with the nonphysiological dopamine receptor stimulation produced by intermittent levodopa administration[10].
2		UNIPROT:P49903	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	f5840c42-5cfb-11e7-b441-001a4ae51247	PMC5370568	The finding that SPS caused a blunted response to acute cocaine may suggest that SPS decreases the density or function of dopamine receptors acutely.
2		UNIPROT:P04001	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	a8d44e34-bc2f-11e5-8d2d-001a4ae51247	10.1016/j.febslet.2006.04.102	The present results demonstrate that CBD induced changes in the Fos-immunoreactive cells in some waking-related brain areas, including hypothalamic nuclei (Fig. 3) as well as DRD (Fig. 4).
2		MESH:D001971	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	785bf784-3554-11e8-8636-001a4a160175	10208371	It is, therefore, possible that bromocriptine produces only low-level stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors, allowing for increased dopaminergic neurotransmission, resulting from the electrical brain stimulation, to be perceived.
2		MESH:D001971	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	21ca23a6-bbed-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	PMC2724191	Bromocriptine Bromocriptine, which stimulate dopamine receptors, is approved for Parkinson’s disease.
2		MESH:D000077487	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	53e8d134-3409-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	25816790	The dopamine D2 class agonists, such as rotigotine, ropinirole and pramipexole aim to replace dopamine in the biophase and stimulate the post-synaptic dopamine receptors, in a manner largely independent of endogenous neuronal activity.
2		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	24a59dcc-bc2d-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.coph.2004.06.002	BOLD phMRI using the selective D2/D3 dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride has shown increased dopaminergic function in the frontal cortex, consistent with its therapeutic action[19].
2		MESH:D013469	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	f5db1e80-3412-11e8-9192-001a4a160175	9667783	Administration of levodopa restored the event-related potentials in MPTP-treated monkeys[10], while dopamine receptor blockade by sulpiride significantly prolonged visually evoked cognitive potentials in a healthy Cynomolgus monkey[3].
2		UNIPROT:Q16568	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	d9b3abae-3747-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	26771081	Moffett et al.[58]have suggested that CART peptide reduced the locomotory effects of psychostimulants by modulating the simultaneous activation of both D1 and D2 dopamine receptors.
2		MESH:D000077582	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	ce82ec92-050b-11f0-bd9d-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116005	The first randomized, double-blind, clinical trial evaluating CBD as a treatment for schizophrenia reported that clinical improvement, as assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (Kay et al., 1987), was comparable to the dopamine receptor antagonist amisulpride, without the adverse side-effects (Leweke et al., 2012).
2		CHEBI:16675	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	cf74f612-3953-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	10773540	We applied the technique to rats in which dopamine receptor degeneration was induced by the unilaterally quinolinic acid (QA) injection.
2		CHEBI:38484	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	2733ec32-3409-11e8-a51f-001a4a160176	25839898	Pramipexole (PPX) is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist activating D2/D3 dopamine receptors (Piercey, 1998).
2		CHEBI:33709	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Chemical	cd6a2496-1b23-11f0-85c3-0050569a1f61	10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115918	TS is likely due to disruptions in various neurotransmitters including upregulation of dopamine receptors caused by chronic dopamine blockade, altered amino acid metabolism and GABA activity, and NMDA receptor excitotoxicity (Ward and Citrome, 2018).
2		UNIPROT:P00747	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	2039295e-bc08-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/S0196-9781(03)00045-7	It has been established that PLG increases the D2 dopamine receptor affinity for its agonist.
2		MESH:D010300	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	49c93bb0-374e-11e8-bf76-001a4a160175	28756211	Furthermore, PD produces significant neurochemical changes, such as the levels of arginine vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin (OT), dopamine receptor, estrogen receptor, and serum corticosterone[14,18–20].
2		MESH:D010300	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	91e92340-bc50-11e5-ac4e-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.pbb.2005.04.011	Pathophysiology in PD is based on the degenerative process of dopamine neurons of substantia nigra (SN), dopamine deficiency and reduced activation of dopamine receptors (Obeso et al., 2000).
2		FPLX:AKT	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	13fe09fe-3409-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	25829335	Dopamine receptor signaling Akt/GSK-3 cascade is one of the signaling pathways that is involved in dopamine D2 receptor mediated effects, as it has been reported that in mice lacking GSK-3, the striatal function of D2 receptor is impaired[111].
2		MESH:D001284	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Phenotype	8f2719fa-051b-11f0-bb39-0050569a791b	10.1016/j.mri.2024.05.011	Therefore, any atrophy is expected to lead to a reduction of dopamine receptors.
2		UNIPROT:P30542	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	0349883c-353e-11e8-9fbf-001a4a160176	9653875	On the other hand, the adenosine A1receptor agonist CPA behaved qualitatively different from dopamine D1receptor antagonists, which are known to antagonize these three types of dopamine receptor agonist-mediated behavioural responses at low doses (Arnt et al., 1987;Longoni et al. 1987a, b;Serra et al., 1987;Wachtel et al., 1992).
2		FPLX:DRD	increases	DRD	FPLX:DRD	ProteinFamily	12687a2e-0c8e-11f0-b40b-0050569a1f61	10.1016/S0169-328X(00)00120-0	It may be speculated that differences in the cellular ratio of D3 dopamine receptor:D3nf protein in vivo may modulate the activity of D3 dopamine receptor expressing neurons.
2		UNIPROT:Q6Y2X3	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	edaf52e6-c8e7-11e5-9ad8-001a4ae51247	17363375	Overexpression or sequestration of DRiP78 leads to retention of D1 dopamine receptors in the ER, reduced ligand binding, and slower kinetics of receptor glycosylation (Ref.22; for review, see Ref.45).
2		UNIPROT:O31422	inhibits	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	0fe91a4c-ca5d-11e5-9088-001a4ae51247	12738794	However, both SKF R-38393-generated nitrite production and cell death were blocked upon co-incubation of cells with SCH 23390 (Fig. 3C), confirming the direct participation of D1 dopamine receptors in the SKF R-38393-induced production of NO associated with enhanced cell death.
2		UNIPROT:Q6RYS9	activates	DRD	FPLX:DRD	Protein	7f629f9a-bc4a-11e5-8abe-001a4ae51246	10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.021	When expressed in mammalian cells, T14E8.3 and C52B11.2 exhibited dopamine-induced inhibition and activation of cAMP formation, respectively (M. Sugiura, S. S., and S. I., manuscript in preparation), indicating that these two genes encode functional dopamine receptors.